Download or read book History of Transylvania From 1606 to 1830 written by Béla Köpeczi and published by East European Monographs. This book was released on 2001 with total page 888 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Featuring essays by leading historians, including Carol Berkin, Andrew Heinze, Earl Lewis, and Mai M. Ngai, Race and Ethnicity in America is a timely introduction to the interrelated themes of race, ethnicity, and immigration in American history and a first-stop resource for students and others exploring the historical roots of today's identity politics. Spanning from 1600 to 2000 and covering everything from the Trail of Tears to the Black Power movement, the book is comprehensive both chronologically and in terms of ethnic groups addressed: It examines not only the history of black-white relations in America, but also the experiences of Irish Catholics, Native Americans, Latinos, Jews, and many others. Topics covered include anti-Catholicism and nativism, slavery and abolitionism, Indian removal, assimilation and scientific racism, the National Origins Act, the civil rights movement, and contemporary debates over affirmative action and bilingualism.
Download or read book Exploring Transylvania Geographies of Knowledge and Entangled Histories in a Multiethnic Province 1790 1918 written by Borbála Zsuzsanna Török and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2015-10-27 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploring Transylvania by Török reconstructs the fissured scholarly landscape in one of the most culturally heterogeneous regions of the Habsburg Monarchy. The author creates an original model of the structure and historical dynamics of an East-Central European province in the republic of letters by tracing the activities of learned societies engaged in the exploration of their fatherland and their connections to national academic centers outside Transylvania. Analyzing the entangled history of the local German, Hungarian, and Romanian scholarly cultures, the book demonstrates how a persisting politics of difference, practiced by various political regimes over the long nineteenth century, solidified national hierarchies and exacerbated endemic tensions both in the Transylvanian intellectual milieus and in scholarship itself.
Download or read book Elective Monarchy in Transylvania and Poland Lithuania 1569 1587 written by Felicia Rosu and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2017-12-01 with total page 365 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is an examination of why and how the elective principle, already established in Transylvanian and Polish political culture in the late medieval period, was transformed in the early elections of the 1570s. In this period, the two polities adopted constitutional arrangements different in depth and scope but based on the same fundamental principles: elective thrones, state-sanctioned religious pluralism, and constitutional guarantees for the right of disobedience. There were important variations in their regulation and application, but Transylvania and the newly created Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth had one essential thing in common: they were the only two polities in early modern Europe whose political systems secured the succession of their rulers through large-scale elections in which the dynastic principle, although still important, was not binding.
Download or read book Romania Transylvania written by Lucy Mallows and published by Bradt Travel Guides. This book was released on 2024-03-20 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new, fourth edition of Bradt’s Romania: Transylvania remains the only standalone, full-length, English-language travel guidebook to Transylvania – the legendary, enchanting and increasingly popular region of Romania. Co-authored by former British Ambassador to Romania Paul Brummell, Romania: Transylvania has been thoroughly updated by prolific travel writer Tim Burford, who wrote his first Romania guide in 1991. Transylvania (the ‘land beyond the forest’) is a wild, wooded, intensely romantic region, filled with mountains and gorges, myths and legends, dragons, bears, wolves – and vampires. Bram Stoker called it ‘one of the wildest and least-known parts of Europe’, a description that remains true today. Comprehensive chapter-per-county coverage caters for a diverse range of interests, from city breaks to rural escapes, skiing to wildlife watching. One of the most beautiful regions in central Europe and home to three UNESCO World Heritage sites, Transylvania preserves its cultural and artistic treasures in a landscape bordered on three sides by the Carpathian Mountains, which provide Romania’s finest skiing and hiking destinations. Hay meadows in the Lower Carpathians form a grassland ecosystem of extraordinary diversity, offering beautiful wildflower displays. The Carpathians are home too to lynx, wild boar and one of Europe’s largest populations of brown bear. Other natural phenomena include the Scarisoara Ice Cave in the Apuseni Mountains and the Sfanta Ana volcanic crater lake in Harghita County. Transylvania’s cultural riches include the Dacian fortresses of the Orastie Mountains, including Sarmizegetusa Regia, conquered by Roman Emperor Trajan in AD106. Historic Sighisoara is a picture-perfect medieval hill town. The fortified churches of southern Transylvania are testament to the perils of life in medieval Saxon communities, subject to frequent attacks from Ottoman raiders. The historic cities of Cluj, Sibiu and Brasov are rightly feted (and host internationally renowned film, electronic music and theatre festivals). At Turda’s salt mine, you can ride the big wheel in an underground amusement park. And, if you’re inspired by the Hotel Transylvania or Twilight films, why not follow the Dracula trail, visiting sites linked to Bram Stoker’s novel? Whatever your interests, with Bradt’s Romania: Transylvania, you can discover the region’s many and varied attractions.
Download or read book A Seventeenth Century Odyssey in East Central Europe written by Gábor Kármán and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2015-11-16 with total page 325 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In A Seventeenth-Century Odyssey Gábor Kármán reconstructs the life story of a lesser-known Hungarian orientalist, Jakab Harsányi Nagy. The discussion of his activities as a school teacher in Transylvania, as a diplomat and interpreter at the Sublime Porte, as a secretary of a Moldavian voivode in exile, as well as a court councillor of Friedrich Wilhelm, the Great Elector of Brandenburg not only sheds light upon the extraordinarily versatile career of this individual, but also on the variety of circles in which he lived. Gábor Kármán also gives the first historical analysis of Harsányi’s contribution to Turkish studies, the Colloquia Familiaria Turcico-latina (1672).
Download or read book The European Tributary States of the Ottoman Empire in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries written by Gábor Kármán and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2013-06-20 with total page 459 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Tributary States of the Ottoman Empire is the first comprehensive overview of the empire’s relationship to its various European tributaries, Moldavia, Wallachia, Transylvania, Ragusa, the Crimean Khanate and the Cossack Hetmanate. The volume focuses on three fundamental aspects of the empire’s relationship with these polities: the various legal frameworks which determined their positions within the imperial system, the diplomatic contacts through which they sought to influence the imperial center, and the military cooperation between them and the Porte. Bringing together studies by eminent experts and presenting results of several less-known historiographical traditions, this volume contributes significantly to a deeper understanding of Ottoman power at the peripheries of the empire.
Download or read book Empire and Military Revolution in Eastern Europe written by Brian Davies and published by A&C Black. This book was released on 2011-06-16 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In terms of resource mobilization and devastation the wars between Russia, the Crimean Khanate and the Ottoman Empire were some of the largest of the 18th century, and had enormous consequences for the balance of power in Eastern Europe. Brian Davies examines how these conflicts characterized the course of Russian military development in response to Ottoman and Crimean Tatar threats and to determine under what circumstances and in what ways Russian military power experienced a "revolution" awarding it clear preponderance over the Ottoman-Crimean system. A central part of Davies' argument is that identifying and explaining a Military Revolution must involve examining the role of factors not purely military. One must look not only at new military technology, new force and command structure, new tactical thinking, and new recruitment and military finance practices but also consider the impact of larger demographic, economic, and sociopolitical changes.
Download or read book The Church Union of the Armenians in Transylvania 1685 1715 written by Kornél Nagy and published by Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht. This book was released on 2021-08-09 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 17th and 18th centuries have been regarded as one of the most exciting periods in the history of Hungary and Transylvania. The wars of liberation to terminate the Ottoman occupation, the integration of the Transylvanian Principality into the Habsburg Empire after 150-years' relative independence, the colonisation of the uncultivated lands during the Ottoman rule, the re-organisation of daily life and Prince Francis (Ferenc) Rákóczi's independence war (1703–1711) indicated serious challenges for the Habsburg Court in Vienna. This period (1686−1711) felled serious duties to the Hungarian Catholic Church, too. Prior to these duties, the process of Counter-Reformation in Hungary's eastern and northern regions was getting increasingly under way: Orthodox Ruthenians and Romanians in Transylvania united with the Roman Catholic Church. The bishops, who were highly supported by the missionaries delegated from Rome in order to re-organise the Hungarian Catholic Church's religious life, re-appeared at the seats of the abandoned dioceses after the 150-years' Ottoman occupation and nearly 110-years' pressure from the strong Protestantism supported by the Princes of Transylvania. The Armenians' church-union in Transylvania must be, in fact, analysed in this church-historical context. The history of Armenians in Transylvania, escaping from Moldavia and Podolia between 1668 and 1672, should be regarded practically as an undiscovered area from both the Hungarian and international church-historical point of view. The church-union of the Armenians in Transylvania is primarily associated with Bishop Oxendio Virziresco's (1654–1715), an Armenian Uniate cleric educated at Collegium Urbanum in Rome, missionary efforts. In this work, I have tried to look for evident responses to these afore-mentioned problems, resting on the partly discovered and undiscovered sources as well as analysing critically a few of secondary literature.
Download or read book Heritage of Scribes written by Gábor Hosszú and published by Rovas Foundation. This book was released on 2012 with total page 341 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Heritage of Scribes introduces the history and development of five members of the Rovash (pronounced “rove-ash”, other spelling: Rovas) script-family: the Proto-Rovash, the Early Steppean Rovash, the Carpathian Basin Rovash, the Steppean Rovash, and the Szekely-Hungarian Rovash. The historical and linguistic statements in the book are based on the published theories and statements of acknowledged scholars, historians, archaeologists, and linguists. The author provides detailed descriptions of the five Rovash scripts, presents their relationships, connections to other scripts, and explains the most significant rovash relics. Based on the discovered relations, the author introduces the systematic description of the rovash glyphs in the Rovash Atlas together with a comprehensive genealogy of each grapheme as well.
Download or read book The Politics of Translation and Transmission written by Hanna Orsolya Vincze and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2012-03-15 with total page 240 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a study on the beginnings of Hungarian political thought, as set out by two 17th century mirrors of princes, the first attempts at political theorising in the Hungarian vernacular. The unlikely source text for these treatises was an advice book by King James the VIth and Ist to his son, Basilikon Doron. As an analysis of the translation and re-reading of a widely circulated text by the king of England and Scotland, the book is also a study in early modern cross-cultural dialogue, situated in the context of recent discussions on transculturalism, and more specifically on the intellectual connections between Britain and the world. The various contemporary translations of King James’s book to diverse contexts and languages enlisted it to different agendas, making it difficult to cast the process of translation and transmission as a story of a reception of an idea. They rather call attention to the importance of the local stakes involved in translation. How ideas originally formulated in a Scottish context came to be re-articulated in a Central European one is a particularly interesting story that provides us with a possibility to paint a picture of the various political languages in use at the time, from divine right arguments to elements of civic humanism, neostoicism, political Calvinism in its magisterial version, Old Testament biblicism and millenarianism.
Download or read book The Last Muslim Conquest written by Gábor Ágoston and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2023-09-12 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A monumental work of history that reveals the Ottoman dynasty's important role in the emergence of early modern Europe The Ottomans have long been viewed as despots who conquered through sheer military might, and whose dynasty was peripheral to those of Europe. The Last Muslim Conquest transforms our understanding of the Ottoman Empire, showing how Ottoman statecraft was far more pragmatic and sophisticated than previously acknowledged, and how the Ottoman dynasty was a crucial player in the power struggles of early modern Europe. In this panoramic and multifaceted book, Gábor Ágoston captures the grand sweep of Ottoman history, from the dynasty's stunning rise to power at the turn of the fourteenth century to the Siege of Vienna in 1683, which ended Ottoman incursions into central Europe. He discusses how the Ottoman wars of conquest gave rise to the imperial rivalry with the Habsburgs, and brings vividly to life the intrigues of sultans, kings, popes, and spies. Ágoston examines the subtler methods of Ottoman conquest, such as dynastic marriages and the incorporation of conquered peoples into the Ottoman administration, and argues that while the Ottoman Empire was shaped by Turkish, Iranian, and Islamic influences, it was also an integral part of Europe and was, in many ways, a European empire. Rich in narrative detail, The Last Muslim Conquest looks at Ottoman military capabilities, frontier management, law, diplomacy, and intelligence, offering new perspectives on the gradual shift in power between the Ottomans and their European rivals and reframing the old story of Ottoman decline.
Download or read book History of Transylvania From 1606 to 1830 written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Stepfamilies in Europe 1400 1800 written by Lyndan Warner and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-04-19 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Stepfamilies were as common in the European past as they are today. Stepfamilies in Europe, 1400–1800 is the first in-depth study to chart four centuries of continuity and change for these complex families created by the death of a parent and the remarriage of the survivor. With geographic coverage from the Mediterranean to Scandinavia and from the Atlantic coast to Central Europe, this collection of essays from leading scholars compares how religious affiliation, laws and cultural attitudes shaped stepfamily realities. Exploring stepfamilies across society from artisans to princely rulers, this book considers the impact of remarriage on the bonds between parents and their children, stepparents and stepchildren, while offering insights into the relationships between full siblings, half siblings and stepsiblings. The contributors investigate a variety of primary sources from songs to letters and memoirs, printed Protestant funeral works, Catholic dispensation requests, kinship puzzles, legitimation petitions, and documents drawn up by notaries, to understand the experiences and life cycle of a family and its members – whether growing up as a stepchild or forming a stepfamily through marital choice as an adult. Featuring an array of visual evidence, and drawing on topics such as widowhood, remarriage, and the guardianship of children, Stepfamilies in Europe will be essential reading for scholars and students of the history of the family.
Download or read book Confessional Diplomacy in Early Modern Europe written by Roberta Anderson and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-12-14 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confessional Diplomacy in Early Modern Europe examines the role of religion in early modern European diplomacy. In the period following the Reformations, Europe became divided: all over the continent, princes and their peoples split over theological, liturgical, and spiritual matters. At the same time, diplomacy rose as a means of communication and policy, and all powers established long- or short-term embassies and sent envoys to other courts and capitals. The book addresses three critical areas where questions of religion or confession played a role: papal diplomacy, priests and other clerics as diplomatic agents, and religion as a question for diplomatic debate, especially concerning embassy chapels.
Download or read book The Musician in Literature in the Age of Bach written by Stephen Rose and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-02-24 with total page 249 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Analysing novels and autobiographies from Bach's Germany, this book presents new insights into the lives, mindset and status of musicians.
Download or read book Transylvanian Roots written by Michael Kosztarab and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 1956, Michael and Tili Kosztarab fled their native Hungary in search of refuge and opportunity in the United States. One chapter tells the harrowing tale of how they rescued their five-month-old baby, left behind in Hungary. Kosztarab, partially responsible for the re-initiation of the U.S. Biological Survey, to catalog all the living creatures in North America, has received many honors from his scientific organizations. Illustrated with photographs and pictures of Transylvanian arts and crafts.
Download or read book The Rise of the Military Entrepreneur written by Suzanne Sutherland and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2022-09-15 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rise of the Military Entrepreneur explores how a new kind of international military figure emerged from, and exploited, the seventeenth century's momentous political, military, commercial, and scientific changes. In the era of the Thirty Years' War, these figures traveled rapidly and frequently across Europe using private wealth, credit, and connections to raise and command the armies that rulers desperately needed. Their careers reveal the roles international networks, private resources, and expertise played in building and at times undermining the state. Suzanne Sutherland uncovers the influence of military entrepreneurs by examining their activities as not only commanders but also diplomats, natural philosophers, information brokers, clients, and subjects on the battlefield, as well as through strategic marital and family allegiances. Sutherland focuses on Raimondo Montecuccoli (1609–80), a middling nobleman from the Duchy of Modena, who became one of the most powerful men in the Austrian Habsburg monarchy and helped found a new discipline, military science. The Rise of the Military Entrepreneur explains how Montecuccoli successfully met battlefield, court, and family responsibilities while contributing to the world of scholarship on an often violent, fragmented political-military landscape. As a result, Sutherland shifts the perspective on war away from the ruler and his court to instead examine the figures supplying force, along with their methods, networks, and reflections on those experiences.
