Download or read book History of Paper in Iran 1501 1925 written by Willem Floor and published by Mage Publishers. This book was released on 2022-10-04 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Chinese invented papermaking, which by the 8th century had reached the Muslim world in Samarkand and Baghdad, and Spain by the 11th century. Much later at the end of the 18th century onwards, modern, industrial papermaking was developed by the Europeans. The History of Paper in Iran, 1501 to 1925 sets out for the reader the types of paper made in Iran during the Safavid and Qajar periods and the crucial role imported paper played in the country. The Iranian government attempted to introduce modern European paper production technology, first by sending students abroad to learn about this technology and then by purchasing equipment to set up a paper industry. However, during the 19th century, domestic Iranian paper production came under increasing pressure from paper imports, and the government abandoned its efforts to modernize the domestic paper industry. The authors, renowned scholar Willem Floor in collaboration with Amélie Couvrat Desvergnes a museum conservator of artworks on paper and books, identify and illustrate the watermarks and/or countermarks of the various paper producers and provide examples of the diversity of quality, composition, and nature of the different types of paper used by various strata of the Iranian society. Also provided are detailed import data, showing which country exported paper to Iran, via which routes, as well as their changing market position over time. Finally, the various end uses of paper, from books and farmans to paintings, and diverse packing and utilitarian paper are examined and, where possible, quantified data are presented. This book will reward scholars and general readers alike.
Download or read book History of Paper in Iran 1501 1925 written by Willem M. Floor and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The History of Paper in Iran, 1501 to 1925 sets out for the reader the types of paper made in Iran during the Safavid and Qajar periods and the crucial role imported paper played in the country.
Download or read book History of Glass and Ceramics in Iran 1500 1925 written by Willem Floor and published by Mage Publishers. This book was released on with total page 360 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive and richly detailed study by renowned scholar Willem Floor is the culmination of what is known about domestic glass and ceramic production—location, quality, craftsmen—in Iran from 1500 until the end of the Qajar period in 1925. Because of increasing imports, the Qajar government tried to improve domestic glass and ceramic techniques through transfer of technology, (once through direct foreign investment). The reasons for these failed attempts are discussed as well as the development of the import of glass and ceramic products. Over time, there was not only a change in the places of origin of glass and ceramic imports, but also in their volume and composition, which, during the Qajar period, included a large variety of cheap articles for mass consumption. There is an appendix for each chapter giving a market assessment for glass and ceramic production in Iran, written in French by Belgian consultants in 1891. The Belgian assessments offer a detailed chemical analysis of glass and ceramics made in Iran, as well as an inventory of the types of glassware and ceramics made by domestic craftsmen. It concludes with proposals for the establishment of a modern glass and ceramic factory in Iran. This superb body of research will not only be of great interest to Iranian scholars inside and outside the country, but also to everyone interested in the story of glass and ceramics throughout the world.
Download or read book Transportation Technology in Iran 1800 1940 Chapar Carts Carriages Automobiles Bicycles Motor Cycles Lodgings Sewing Machines Typewriters Pianos written by Willem Floor and published by Mage Publishers. This book was released on 2023-08-21 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Only 100 years ago the main means of transportation in Iran was by quadruped. Transportation & Technology in Iran, 1800-1940, by renowned Iranian studies scholar Willem Floor is an in-depth, illustrated, four-part study of the subject. Until the 1920s Iran had no more than 700 kilometers of roads suitable for motor vehicles, which situation greatly impeded Iran's economic development. Caravans traveled 40 km/day, though travelers in a hurry could cover 150 km/day when using the courier system (chapar), which is the subject of part 1. Wheeled transportation, (in part 2 of the books) was rare and limited to only a few parts of country due to the lack of roads. This situation underwent change when carriages became popular in urban areas and on the few modern roads after 1890. Motorized transportation grew in importance after 1921 and really took off in the 1930s, with the construction of a new road network. As a result, newer, more powerful trucks reduced the cost of transportation significantly, thus lowering the cost of retail goods. The increase of motorized transport also meant that car dealers, import rules, mechanics, garages, supply of spare parts, and gasoline distribution as well as traffic regulations had to be created ex nihilo; All these processes are detailed in the book. Like cars, bicycles and motorcycles also were increasingly used as of the 1920s, thus increasing choice in people's mobility. More road traffic also implied that travelers needed places to spend the night and eat. The change from caravanserais to guest-houses and hotels is discussed in part 3. These changes in transportation methods did not come alone, for other modern tools of change such as the sewing machine and the typewriter also made their appearance and had a major impact on people's availability and use of time. Finally, the piano made its entry onto the Iranian musical scene, and although not perfectly in tune with the traditional Iranian musical system, it is now as much part of music making in Iran as the tar and santur (part 4 of the book). All these changes and new technologies did not happen overnight or without problems, and slow adoption initially was limited to the upper-class. However, with falling prices and changing needs and policies these new technologies eventually reached a larger public and the idea that they once were 'exotic' and 'out of reach' is now inconceivable to Iranians. The studies in this book provide a new vantage point and understanding of the transfer of modern technology for scholars of the social-economic and cultural history of the Middle East.
Download or read book Conservation of Books written by Abigail Bainbridge and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-03-27 with total page 735 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Conservation of Books is the highly anticipated reference work on global book structures and their conservation, offering the first modern, comprehensive overview on this subject. The volume takes an international approach to its subject. Written by over 70 specialists in conservation and conservation science based in 19 countries, its 26 chapters cover traditional book structures from around the world, the materials from which they are made and how they degrade, and how to preserve and conserve them. It also examines the theoretical underpinnings of conservation: what and how to treat, and the ethical, cultural, and economic implications of treatment. Technical drawings and photographs illustrate the structures and treatments examined throughout the book. Ultimately, readers gain an in-depth understanding of the materiality of books in numerous global contexts and reflect on the practical considerations involved in their analysis and treatment. Conservation of Books is a quintessential reference work for book conservators and anyone working with books, such as collection managers, librarians, curators, dealers, collectors, historians, and related professionals. It is also an indispensable text for students to complement hands-on training in this field.
Download or read book A History of Paper written by Fraser, Paper, ltd., New York and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Story of Paper making written by Frank O. Butler and published by . This book was released on 1901 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Papermaking written by Dard Hunter and published by New York : A. Knopf. This book was released on 1943 with total page 462 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discusses every aspect of papermaking--its history, methods, tools, and watermarking.
Download or read book Introduction to Iran written by Gilad James, PhD and published by Gilad James Mystery School. This book was released on with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Iran is a country located in Western Asia, bordered by Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq, and Turkey. The country has a population of approximately 83 million, and its capital city is Tehran. Iran is a predominantly Muslim country, with over 99% of the population practicing the Islamic religion, and the official language is Persian. Iran is known for its rich history, culture, and traditions, including its famous Persian carpets, poetry, and cuisine. Iran's economy is heavily reliant on its oil and gas industry, with petroleum products accounting for nearly 80% of the country's exports. However, after years of economic sanctions, the Iranian economy has been struggling to grow, and its currency has been steadily decreasing in value. The country has also faced political unrest, with tensions between the Iranian government and the United States and its allies contributing to the current political climate. Despite these challenges, Iran remains an important player in the Middle East, with a rich cultural heritage and a strategic location at the crossroads of major trade routes.
Download or read book Tracing the History of Paper written by Angelo Tajani and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Piety and Politics in Qajar Iran written by Nahid Massoumeh Assemi and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2024-03-21 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Takkiyya Mu'avin al-Mulk is a building complex in the city of Kermanshah in western Iran, dedicated to the annual commemoration of the martyrdom of Husayn ibn 'Ali at the Battle of Karbala in 680, an event of seminal significance to Shi'i Islam. Private takkiyyas built by social elites were a phenomenon of the Qajar period, with their construction motivated by a political quest for legitimacy. This book examines the intersection of art and architecture, popular piety, and the politics of legitimation. Through an examination of the building and its decorative programme, it addresses issues of patronage, Shi'i iconography and popular religious practices during the early 20th century in Iran. It further argues for the role of takkiyyas in creation of a sense of community and group identity; the formative stage of the emergent idea of nationhood at the time, amongst those who frequented them.
Download or read book Making Paper written by Bo Rudin and published by Lyons Press. This book was released on 1992-01-01 with total page 280 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Book Publishing Record written by and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 1476 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A History of Paper manufacturing in the United States 1690 1916 written by Lyman Horace Weeks and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book An International Sourcebook of Paper History written by Irving P. Leif and published by Hamden, Conn. : Archon Books. This book was released on 1978 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Chronology of Paper and Paper Making written by Joel Munsell and published by General Books. This book was released on 2009-08 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an OCR edition without illustrations or index. It may have numerous typos or missing text. However, purchasers can download a free scanned copy of the original rare book from GeneralBooksClub.com. You can also preview excerpts from the book there. Purchasers are also entitled to a free trial membership in the General Books Club where they can select from more than a million books without charge. Original Published by: J. Munsell in 1870 in 276 pages; Subjects: Paper industry; Papermaking; Paper; Technology & Engineering / Manufacturing; Technology & Engineering / Material Science; Technology & Engineering / Technical & Manufacturing Industries & Trades;
Download or read book A Chronology of Paper and Papermaking written by and published by . This book was released on 2020-03-09 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
