Download or read book High precision Microseismic Event Location for Monitoring CO2 Injection Using Double difference Tomography written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Leading Edge written by and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Microseismic Event Location Using the Double difference Technique for Multiplet Analysis written by Fernando Rafael Castellanos Jurado and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Microseismic event location provides a plethora of information about underground processes such as hydraulic fracturing, steam injection or mining and volcano activities. Nevertheless, accuracy is limited by acquisition geometry and errors in the velocity model and time picks. Although microseismic events can happen anywhere, they tend to re-occur in the same zone. This thesis describes a post-processing technique to relocate events originated in the same source region based on the double-difference method. This technique includes a crosscorrelation procedure to detect similar events and correct time picking errors. The performance of the algorithm is tested on synthetic data and a set of microseismic events recorded in a mine. The method significantly improves locations of similar events, compared to a conventional grid-search algorithm, revealing seismicity patterns likely associated with routine mining operations. The method also includes plots used for quality control of time picking and event location, facilitating geological interpretations.
Download or read book Geophysical Monitoring for Geologic Carbon Storage written by Lianjie Huang and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-04-05 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Methods and techniques for monitoring subsurface carbon dioxide storage Storing carbon dioxide in underground geological formations is emerging as a promising technology to reduce carbon dioxide emissions in the atmosphere. A range of geophysical techniques can be deployed to remotely track carbon dioxide plumes and monitor changes in the subsurface, which is critical for ensuring for safe, long-term storage. Geophysical Monitoring for Geologic Carbon Storage provides a comprehensive review of different geophysical techniques currently in use and being developed, assessing their advantages and limitations. Volume highlights include: Geodetic and surface monitoring techniques Subsurface monitoring using seismic techniques Subsurface monitoring using non-seismic techniques Case studies of geophysical monitoring at different geologic carbon storage sites The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.
Download or read book Microseismic Monitoring and Geomechanical Modelling of CO2 Storage in Subsurface Reservoirs written by James P. Verdon and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-01-11 with total page 193 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents an impressive summary of the potential to use passive seismic methods to monitor the sequestration of anthropogenic CO2 in geologic reservoirs. It brings together innovative research in two distinct areas – seismology and geomechanics – and involves both data analysis and numerical modelling. The data come from the Weyburn-Midale project, which is currently the largest Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS) project in the world. James Verdon’s results show how passive seismic monitoring can be used as an early warning system for fault reactivation and top seal failure, which may lead to the escape of CO2 at the surface.
Download or read book Seismic Interferometry written by Deyan Draganov and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 2008 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Including more than 70 papers, this invaluable source for researchers and students contains an editors' introduction with extensive references and chapters on seismic interferometry without equations, highlights of the history of seismic interferometry from 1968 until 2003, and offers a detailed overview of the rapid developments since 2004.
Download or read book Initial Results from Seismic Monitoring at the Aquistore CO2 Storage Site Saskatchewan Canada written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 6 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Aquistore Project, located near Estevan, Saskatchewan, is one of the first integrated commercial-scale CO2 storage projects in the world that is designed to demonstrate CO2 storage in a deep saline aquifer. Starting in 2014, CO2 captured from the nearby Boundary Dam coal-fired power plant will be transported via pipeline to the storage site and to nearby oil fields for enhanced oil recovery. At the Aquistore site, the CO2 will be injected into a brine-filled sandstone formation at ~3200 m depth using the deepest well in Saskatchewan. The suitability of the geological formations that will host the injected CO2 has been predetermined through 3D characterization using high-resolution 3D seismic images and deep well information. These data show that 1) there are no significant faults in the immediate area of the storage site, 2) the regional sealing formation is continuous in the area, and 3) the reservoir is not adversely affected by knolls on the surface of the underlying Precambrian basement. Furthermore, the Aquistore site is located within an intracratonic region characterized by extremely low levels of seismicity. This is in spite of oil-field related water injection in the nearby Weyburn-Midale field where a total of 656 million m3 of water have been injected since the 1960`s with no demonstrable related induced seismicity. A key element of the Aquistore research program is the further development of methods to monitor the security and subsurface distribution of the injected CO2. Toward this end, a permanent areal seismic monitoring array was deployed in 2012, comprising 630 vertical-component geophones installed at 20 m depth on a 2.5x2.5 km regular grid. This permanent array is designed to provide improved 3D time-lapse seismic imaging for monitoring subsurface CO2. Prior to the onset of CO2 injection, calibration 3D surveys were acquired in May and November of 2013. Comparison of the data from these surveys relative to the baseline 3D survey data from 2012 shows excellent repeatability (NRMS less than 10%) which will provide enhanced monitoring sensitivity to smaller amounts of CO2. The permanent array also provides continuous passive monitoring for injection-related microseismicity. Passive monitoring has been ongoing since the summer of 2012 in order to establish levels of background seismicity before CO2 injection starts in 2014. Microseismic monitoring was augmented in 2013 by the installation of 3 broadband seismograph stations surrounding the Aquistore site. These surface installations should provide a detection capability of seismic events with magnitudes as low as ~0. Downhole seismic methods are also being utilized for CO2 monitoring at the Aquistore site. Baseline crosswell tomographic images depict details (meters-scale) of the reservoir in the 150-m interval between the observation and injection wells. This level of resolution is designed to track the CO2 migration between the wells during the initial injection period. A baseline 3D vertical seismic profile (VSP) was acquired in the fall of 2013 to provide seismic images with resolution on a scale between that provided by the surface seismic array and the downhole tomography. The 3D VSP was recorded simultaneously using both a conventional array of downhole geophones (60-levels) and an optical fibre system. The latter utilized an optical fiber cable deployed on the outside of the monitor well casing and cemented in place. A direct comparison of these two methodologies will determine the suitability of using the fiber cable for ongoing time-lapse VSP monitoring.
Download or read book Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage written by Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Working Group III. and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2005-12-19 with total page 59 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: IPCC Report on sources, capture, transport, and storage of CO2, for researchers, policy-makers and engineers.
Download or read book Geophysics and Geosequestration written by Thomas L. Davis and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-05-09 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An overview of the geophysical techniques and analysis methods for monitoring subsurface carbon dioxide storage for researchers and industry practitioners.
Download or read book Methods for Improving Seismic Event Location Processing written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Our research program consists of four components, each involving some aspect of multiple-event analysis: (1) high-precision waveform cross-correlation (WCC) for arrival time estimation, (2) robust event clustering, (3) waveform decomposition and source wavelet deconvolution reshaping, (4) double-difference (DD) multiple-event locations and tomography. Our research focused initially on the development and testing of these seismic analysis methods using 'ground-truth' (GT) datasets at different scales (local and regional), and is being followed by the application of these methods to a 'test bed' regional-distance seismic dataset, including tests on real-time and simulated real-time data streams. Here we highlight some of the more significant project achievements from components 1, 2 and 4.
Download or read book Study of Reactive Flow Ground Deformation and Real time Tomography with Applications on CO2 Sequestration written by Haoyue Wang (Ph. D.) and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geological sequestration of CO2 is an option to either mitigate or defer global warming and avoid dangerous climate change. Carbon dioxide is also injected into reservoirs to increase resource extraction. Currently, the rate of CO2 injection in pilot sequestration plants or the enhanced oil recovery commercial projects is a few million tons CO2 per year at best, while there are tens of billion tons of annual carbon dioxide emissions. These sequestration projects will have a tangible impact only if they can be scaled up, which will require a solid understanding of the underlying physics and a portfolio of monitoring tools to curb operation risks and the potential of leakage. In this thesis I describe work that bears on three aspects of these complicated issues: Experiments and a new computational model on the reactive flow of carbonic acid in limestone, an assessment of the surface uplift owing to sequestration of CO2 in a carbonate saline aquifer, and a validation of a new, real-time, tomography method that monitors the velocity change resulting from hydraulic fracturing. In Chapter 2, a network approach that models the formation of wormholes from reactive flow of high concentration carbonic acid in limestone is devised. In this model, the pore space is partitioned into two parts, the bigger subset of the pore network as a leading sub-network while the reminder of porosity comprises a set of identical secondary sub-networks: the reactive flow problem is framed as the competition of reactive fluid among these sub-networks. This approach saves computational resources by approximating the large fraction of slowly changing part of the pore space as a number of identical coarse networks. Using material constants appropriate to the conditions of the experiments, the model successfully grows wormholes that are as large as a fraction of a millimeter big in diameter from micron scale heterogeneity, and matches results obtained in laboratory experiments. In Chapter 3, the surface deformation from the injection of high pressure CO2 in Nisku carbonate formation in Alberta, Canada is simulated with a coupled model of two-phase flow and geomechanics. The fact that the injected CO2 is dry and the analyses of the flow field predict upper bounds of 2 percent stiffness decrease and 2 fold permeability increase when the injection rate in the horizontal pipe is 0.2 Mt/km/yr. Simulation with a constitutive law that incorporates these estimates shows the difference between the surface uplift from the injection in the carbonate reservoir and the poroelastic response are negligible given the resolution of geodetic observations. A simple poroelastic model is adequate to infer the migration of subsurface CO2 for carbonate reservoirs as tight as the Nisku formation for the first five years of injection. In Chapter 4, a real time tomography method that monitors the change of velocity structure from hydraulic fracturing is presented. A data set is synthesized from forward simulation of the simultaneous occurrence of micro-seismic events and evolution of velocity structure. The new method adapted from Algebraic Reconstruction Technique successfully estimated the changes in the contour and extent of the low-velocity fracture zone with time.
Download or read book Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2013-08-14 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past several years, some energy technologies that inject or extract fluid from the Earth, such as oil and gas development and geothermal energy development, have been found or suspected to cause seismic events, drawing heightened public attention. Although only a very small fraction of injection and extraction activities among the hundreds of thousands of energy development sites in the United States have induced seismicity at levels noticeable to the public, understanding the potential for inducing felt seismic events and for limiting their occurrence and impacts is desirable for state and federal agencies, industry, and the public at large. To better understand, limit, and respond to induced seismic events, work is needed to build robust prediction models, to assess potential hazards, and to help relevant agencies coordinate to address them. Induced Seismicity Potential in Energy Technologies identifies gaps in knowledge and research needed to advance the understanding of induced seismicity; identify gaps in induced seismic hazard assessment methodologies and the research to close those gaps; and assess options for steps toward best practices with regard to energy development and induced seismicity potential.
Download or read book Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2019-04-08 with total page 511 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: To achieve goals for climate and economic growth, "negative emissions technologies" (NETs) that remove and sequester carbon dioxide from the air will need to play a significant role in mitigating climate change. Unlike carbon capture and storage technologies that remove carbon dioxide emissions directly from large point sources such as coal power plants, NETs remove carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere or enhance natural carbon sinks. Storing the carbon dioxide from NETs has the same impact on the atmosphere and climate as simultaneously preventing an equal amount of carbon dioxide from being emitted. Recent analyses found that deploying NETs may be less expensive and less disruptive than reducing some emissions, such as a substantial portion of agricultural and land-use emissions and some transportation emissions. In 2015, the National Academies published Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration, which described and initially assessed NETs and sequestration technologies. This report acknowledged the relative paucity of research on NETs and recommended development of a research agenda that covers all aspects of NETs from fundamental science to full-scale deployment. To address this need, Negative Emissions Technologies and Reliable Sequestration: A Research Agenda assesses the benefits, risks, and "sustainable scale potential" for NETs and sequestration. This report also defines the essential components of a research and development program, including its estimated costs and potential impact.
Download or read book Characterization Modeling Monitoring and Remediation of Fractured Rock written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2021-01-29 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fractured rock is the host or foundation for innumerable engineered structures related to energy, water, waste, and transportation. Characterizing, modeling, and monitoring fractured rock sites is critical to the functioning of those infrastructure, as well as to optimizing resource recovery and contaminant management. Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock examines the state of practice and state of art in the characterization of fractured rock and the chemical and biological processes related to subsurface contaminant fate and transport. This report examines new developments, knowledge, and approaches to engineering at fractured rock sites since the publication of the 1996 National Research Council report Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow: Contemporary Understanding and Fluid Flow. Fundamental understanding of the physical nature of fractured rock has changed little since 1996, but many new characterization tools have been developed, and there is now greater appreciation for the importance of chemical and biological processes that can occur in the fractured rock environment. The findings of Characterization, Modeling, Monitoring, and Remediation of Fractured Rock can be applied to all types of engineered infrastructure, but especially to engineered repositories for buried or stored waste and to fractured rock sites that have been contaminated as a result of past disposal or other practices. The recommendations of this report are intended to help the practitioner, researcher, and decision maker take a more interdisciplinary approach to engineering in the fractured rock environment. This report describes how existing tools-some only recently developed-can be used to increase the accuracy and reliability of engineering design and management given the interacting forces of nature. With an interdisciplinary approach, it is possible to conceptualize and model the fractured rock environment with acceptable levels of uncertainty and reliability, and to design systems that maximize remediation and long-term performance. Better scientific understanding could inform regulations, policies, and implementation guidelines related to infrastructure development and operations. The recommendations for research and applications to enhance practice of this book make it a valuable resource for students and practitioners in this field.
Download or read book Microseismic Monitoring written by Vladimir Grechka and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 2017-09-01 with total page 471 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past decade, microseismic monitoring, a technology developed for evaluating completions of wells drilled to produce hydrocarbons from unconventional reservoirs, has grown increasingly popular among oil and gas companies. Microseismic Monitoring, by Vladimir Grechka and Werner M. Heigl, discusses how to process microseismic data, what can and cannot be inferred from such data, and to what level of certainty this might be possible. The narrative of the book follows the passage of seismic waves: from a source triggered by hydraulic fracture stimulation, through hydrocarbon-bearing formations, towards motion sensors. The waves’ characteristics encode the location of their source and its focal mechanism. The analysis of various approaches to harvesting the source-related information from microseismic records has singled out the accuracy of the velocity model, fully accounting for the strong elastic anisotropy of hydraulically fractured shales, as the most critical ingredient for obtaining precise source locations and interpretable moment tensors. The ray theory complemented by its modern extensions, paraxial and Fréchet ray tracing, provides the only practical means available today for building such models. The book is written for geophysicists interested in learning and applying advanced microseismic data-processing techniques.
Download or read book Seismic Petrophysics in Quantitative Interpretation written by Lev Vernik and published by SEG Books. This book was released on 2016-10-15 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exploration and characterization of conventional and unconventional reservoirs using seismic technologies are among the main activities of upstream technology groups and business units of oil and gas operators. However, these activities frequently encounter difficulties in quantitative seismic interpretation due to remaining confusion and new challenges in the fast developing field of seismic petrophysics. Seismic Petrophysics in Quantitative Interpretation shows how seismic interpretation can be made simple and robust by integration of the rock physics principles with seismic and petrophysical attributes bearing on the properties of both conventional (thickness, net/gross, lithology, porosity, permeability, and saturation) and unconventional (thickness, lithology, organic richness, thermal maturity) reservoirs. Practical solutions to existing interpretation problems in rock physics-based amplitude versus offset (AVO) analysis and inversion are addressed in the book to streamline the workflows in subsurface characterization. Although the book is aimed at oil and gas industry professionals and academics concerned with utilization of seismic data in petroleum exploration and production, it could also prove helpful for geotechnical and completion engineers and drillers seeking to better understand how seismic and sonic data can be more thoroughly utilized.
Download or read book Geological Storage of CO2 in Deep Saline Formations written by Auli Niemi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-24 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers readers a comprehensive overview, and an in-depth understanding, of suitable methods for quantifying and characterizing saline aquifers for the geological storage of CO2. It begins with a general overview of the methodology and the processes that take place when CO2 is injected and stored in deep saline-water-containing formations. It subsequently presents mathematical and numerical models used for predicting the consequences of CO2 injection. This book provides descriptions of relevant experimental methods, from laboratory experiments to field scale site characterization and techniques for monitoring spreading of the injected CO2 within the formation. Experiences from a number of important field injection projects are reviewed, as are those from CO2 natural analog sites. Lastly, the book presents relevant risk management methods. Geological storage of CO2 is widely considered to be a key technology capable of substantially reducing the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere, thereby reducing the negative impacts of such releases on the global climate. Around the world, projects are already in full swing, while others are now being initiated and executed to demonstrate the technology. Deep saline formations are the geological formations considered to hold the highest storage potential, due to their abundance worldwide. To date, however, these formations have been relatively poorly characterized, due to their low economic value. Accordingly, the processes involved in injecting and storing CO2 in such formations still need to be better quantified and methods for characterizing, modeling and monitoring this type of CO2 storage in such formations must be rapidly developed and refined.
