Download or read book Betel quid and Areca nut Chewing and Some Areca nut derived Nitrosamines written by IARC Working Group on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans and published by IARC. This book was released on 2004 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A working group of sixteen experts from seven countries re-evaluated the evidence of the carcinogenicity of betel-quid and areca-nut chewing and some areca-nut related nitrosamines. Betel-quid and areca-nut chewing are widely practised in many parts of Asia and in Asian-migrant communities elsewhere in the world. There are hundreds of millions of users worldwide. They evaluated betel quid with tobacco as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1) on the basis of sufficient evidence of an increased risk of cancer of the oral cavity, pharynx and oesophagus. The working group reviewed epidemiological studies of human cancer, mainly studies from India, Pakistan and Taiwan (China). Studies on betel quid with tobacco and areca nut with tobacco in experimental animals now also provide sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity. The working group also evaluated betel quid without tobacco as carcinogenic to humans (Group 1), on the basis of sufficient evidence of an increased risk of oral cancer. Studies on betel quid without tobacco and areca nut without tobacco in experimental animals now also provide sufficient evidence of carcinogenicity. Areca nut, a common ingredient of betel quid and many different chewing preparations, including those available commercially, has been observed to cause oral submucous fibrosis

Download or read book How Tobacco Smoke Causes Disease written by United States. Public Health Service. Office of the Surgeon General and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 728 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.

Download or read book Improving Diagnosis in Health Care written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-12-29 with total page 473 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Getting the right diagnosis is a key aspect of health care - it provides an explanation of a patient's health problem and informs subsequent health care decisions. The diagnostic process is a complex, collaborative activity that involves clinical reasoning and information gathering to determine a patient's health problem. According to Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, diagnostic errors-inaccurate or delayed diagnoses-persist throughout all settings of care and continue to harm an unacceptable number of patients. It is likely that most people will experience at least one diagnostic error in their lifetime, sometimes with devastating consequences. Diagnostic errors may cause harm to patients by preventing or delaying appropriate treatment, providing unnecessary or harmful treatment, or resulting in psychological or financial repercussions. The committee concluded that improving the diagnostic process is not only possible, but also represents a moral, professional, and public health imperative. Improving Diagnosis in Health Care, a continuation of the landmark Institute of Medicine reports To Err Is Human (2000) and Crossing the Quality Chasm (2001), finds that diagnosis-and, in particular, the occurrence of diagnostic errorsâ€"has been largely unappreciated in efforts to improve the quality and safety of health care. Without a dedicated focus on improving diagnosis, diagnostic errors will likely worsen as the delivery of health care and the diagnostic process continue to increase in complexity. Just as the diagnostic process is a collaborative activity, improving diagnosis will require collaboration and a widespread commitment to change among health care professionals, health care organizations, patients and their families, researchers, and policy makers. The recommendations of Improving Diagnosis in Health Care contribute to the growing momentum for change in this crucial area of health care quality and safety.

Download or read book The Laryngectomee Guide Expanded Edition written by Itzhak Brook and published by . This book was released on 2018-01-09 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 254 pages expanded Laryngectomy Guide is an updated and revised edition of the original Laryngectomee Guide. It provides information that can assist laryngectomees and their caregivers with medical, dental and psychological issues. It contains information about side effects of radiation and chemotherapy; methods of speaking; airway, stoma, and voice prosthesis care; eating and swallowing; medical, dental and psychological concerns; respiration; anesthesia; and travelling.

Download or read book Tumor Microenvironment written by Alexander Birbrair and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-06-25 with total page 213 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Revealing essential roles of the tumor microenvironment in cancer progression, this book provides a comprehensive overview of the latest research in the field. A variety of topics are covered, including metabolism in the tumor microenvironment, stellate cells and endothelial progenitors in the tumor microenvironment, as well as the effects of HIV, viral hepatitis, and inflammation in the tumor microenvironment, and more. Taken alongside its companion volumes, Tumor Microenvironment: State of the Science updates us on what we know about various aspects of the tumor microenvironment, as well as future directions. This book is essential reading for advanced cell biology and cancer biology students as well as researchers seeking an update on research in the tumor microenvironment.

Download or read book High Risk Cutaneous Squamous Cell Carcinoma written by Chrysalyne D. Schmults and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-29 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a cutting-edge resource that provides clinicians with the up-to-date practical knowledge required in order to manage SCC patients optimally. It summarizes newly available information relating to the definition of high-risk SCC, its pathophysiologic underpinnings, and its management. New prognostic information and staging systems are summarized that enable high-risk tumors to be defined more precisely than ever before. Many helpful tips are provided on the practical management of challenging cases, including multiple tumors/field cancerization, high-risk tumors, nodal metastases, and unresectable disease. The authors are all acknowledged experts in the emerging field of high-risk and advanced SCC.​

Download or read book AJCC Cancer Staging Manual written by Frederick L, Greene and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-21 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The American Joint Committee on Cancer's Cancer Staging Manual is used by physicians throughout the world to diagnose cancer and determine the extent to which cancer has progressed. All of the TNM staging information included in this Sixth Edition is uniform between the AJCC (American Joint Committee on Cancer) and the UICC (International Union Against Cancer). In addition to the information found in the Handbook, the Manual provides standardized data forms for each anatomic site, which can be utilized as permanent patient records, enabling clinicians and cancer research scientists to maintain consistency in evaluating the efficacy of diagnosis and treatment. The CD-ROM packaged with each Manual contains printable copies of each of the book’s 45 Staging Forms.

Download or read book Oral Oncology written by I. van der Waal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2011-09-21 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A multidisciplinary approach to the problems related to the diagnosis, treat ment, and rehabilitation of patients with oral cancer and precancer is reflected in the various specialties of the authors who contributed to this book. Today, patients with tumors of the oral cavity are dealt with preferably by a team of specialists who have been properly trained in the field of oncology, who have learned to appreciate each other's knowledge and experience, and who are able to operate as an integrated team. This book is intended for use by every physician and dentist involved in the diagnosis and management of oral cancer. It is 'presented in such a way as to be useful for both the physician in training as well as the specialist in the field of head and neck oncology. The text concentrates on the common as well as the unusual aspects. For those who look for more detailed information, an exten sive list of references is provided at the end of each chapter. It should be emphasized that treatment policies may vary not only in differ ent parts of the world, but also from institution to institution, depending on the expertise of the members of the oncologic team and the available facilities. I. VAN DER W AAL AND G. B. SNOW, editors.

Download or read book Textbook of Oral Cancer written by Saman Warnakulasuriya and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-02-22 with total page 449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive multidisciplinary book examines all aspects of cancers of the mouth and oropharynx with the aim of equipping advanced students and practitioners in the early stages of specialist training with an up-to-date guide and reference. A multinational team of authors – all experts in the field of oral oncology – provide illuminating contributions on the full range of relevant topics: epidemiology, risk factors, clinical features, staging and prognostic factors, pathology, diagnostic techniques, disease prevention, surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy. Molecular biology, molecular targeted therapies for advanced cases, and future diagnostic and prognostic applications of new technologies also receive careful attention. In providing a wealth of essential information and guidance in a practical format, the book will be a superb asset for senior graduate students in dentistry and specialist trainees in head and neck oncology. It will also be of high value for the many physicians, surgeons, pathologists, dentists, and specialists involved in the prevention, diagnosis, and management of squamous cell carcinomas of the oral cavity and oropharynx.

Download or read book Head and Neck Cancer written by Louis B. Harrison and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2009 with total page 1004 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This comprehensive, multidisciplinary text addresses all aspects of head and neck cancer and represents a wide spectrum of specialists, including surgical, radiation, and medical oncologists, dentists, pathologists, radiologists, and nurses. The book focuses on a two-part approach to treatment that maximizes the chance for a cure while maintaining a strong emphasis on quality of life. This Third Edition's updated techniques section includes new radiation techniques such as IMRT and IGRT and new endoscopic and laser surgical techniques. Other highlights include a new chapter on reconstructive techniques; significant updates to all site-specific chapters; updates on chemoprevention and molecular targeting; and discussions of new imaging modalities such as fused PET/CT. A companion Website will offer the fully searchable text with all images.

Download or read book TNM Atlas written by Bernd Spiessl and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Confronted with myriads ofTs, N's and M's in the VICC TNM booklet, classifying a malignancy may seem to many cancer clini cians a tedious, dull and pedantic task. But then when he looks into the TNM-Atlas all of a sudden lifeless categories become vi vid images, challenging his know-how and his investigational skills. Prof. Dr. Brigit van der Werf-Messing, Chairman of the International TNM-Committee of the VICC. Preface In 1938 the League of Nations Health Organization published an "Atlas illustrating the division of cancer of the uterine cervix into four stages according to the anatomo-clinical extent of the growth". Since this work appeared, the idea of visual representation of the anatomical extent of malignant tumours at the different stages of their development has been repeatedly discussed. At its meeting in Copenhagen in July 1954, the VICC adopted as part of its programme "the realization of a clinical atlas". However, the time to do the planned illustration work was not ripe until the National Committees and international organiza tions had officially recognized the 28 classifications of malignant tumours at various sites as presented in the 3rd edition of the "TNM Booklet" (1978) edited by M. Harmer. This was all the more important since in 1980, in addition to the "Booklet", a "Brochure of Checklists" edited by A.H. Sellers was made available as a further aid in the practical application of the TNMsystem

Download or read book Neoplasms of the Larynx written by Alfio Ferlito and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 648 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Aims to provide a pathological and clinical account of all the neoplasms of the larynx, written by specialists in their fields; providing a useful resource for physicians involved in pathology, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of laryngeal neoplasms.

Download or read book Cancer Care for the Whole Patient written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2008-03-19 with total page 455 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cancer care today often provides state-of-the-science biomedical treatment, but fails to address the psychological and social (psychosocial) problems associated with the illness. This failure can compromise the effectiveness of health care and thereby adversely affect the health of cancer patients. Psychological and social problems created or exacerbated by cancer-including depression and other emotional problems; lack of information or skills needed to manage the illness; lack of transportation or other resources; and disruptions in work, school, and family life-cause additional suffering, weaken adherence to prescribed treatments, and threaten patients' return to health. Today, it is not possible to deliver high-quality cancer care without using existing approaches, tools, and resources to address patients' psychosocial health needs. All patients with cancer and their families should expect and receive cancer care that ensures the provision of appropriate psychosocial health services. Cancer Care for the Whole Patient recommends actions that oncology providers, health policy makers, educators, health insurers, health planners, researchers and research sponsors, and consumer advocates should undertake to ensure that this standard is met.

Download or read book Oral Cancer and Precancer written by Jens Jørgen Pindborg and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1980 with total page 200 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Journal of the National Cancer Institute written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 572 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Early Diagnosis and Treatment of Cancer Series Head and Neck Cancers E Book written by Wayne Koch and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2015-06-01 with total page 268 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Each volume in the Early Detection and Treatment of Cancer Series is packed with practical, authoritative information designed to cover the full range of diagnostic procedures, including pathologic, radiologic, bronchoscopic, and surgical aspects. You’ll be able to determine the safest, shortest, least invasive way to reach an accurate diagnosis; stage the disease; and choose the best initial treatment for early stages. Based on current evidence in the literature, authors provide clinical, hands-on tools to help you make informed decisions on precisely what tests and imaging studies are needed to diagnose and stage each type of cancer. Practical, authoritative, and highly-illustrated, this volume in the brand new Early Detection and Treatment of Cancer series covers current protocols and the latest advances in diagnostic imaging and molecular and serologic markers for head and neck cancers. Apply expert advice on the best “next-step plan for different presentations and tips for less invasive protocols. Get clinical, hands-on tools to help you make informed decisions on precisely what tests and imaging studies are needed for accurate diagnosis and staging. Clear figures, tables, and boxes illustrate step-by-step care of the full range of problems encountered. Better manage your patients with procedural video clips and more on the included CD-ROM. The small size and convenient format make this an ideal purchase for diagnostic reference. Outlines the steps after diagnosis to guide you through formulating a treatment or patient care plan. Emphasizes important points—such as the use of endoscopy in staging, chemoprevention, and promising gene therapies—with “key points boxes at the beginning of each chapter and pedagogic features throughout. Summarizes the process of accurately diagnosing and staging cancer in a logical, almost algorithmic, approach for easy reference. Discusses the treatment of early-stage disease so you have clear options for care. Complements the procedures outlined in the text with full-color photographs and line drawings to reinforce your understanding of the material. Features a CD-ROM showing video clips of diagnostic procedures, as well as all of the images, tables, and drawings from the text to help you better manage your patients.

Download or read book Cancer Epidemiology and Prevention written by David Schottenfeld and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-08-24 with total page 1411 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This much anticipated Third Edition provides a comprehensive presentation of the global burden and patterns of cancer occurrence, along with new developments in our understanding of cancer causation and prevention. Special attention is given to epidemiologic approaches that incorporate molecular biomarkers based on genomic and other emerging technologies, providing new insights into the role of genetic predisposition and gene-environment interactions in cancer induction. In addition, new chapters are included on social class disparities in cancer incidence and mortality, the role of obesity and physical inactivity in cancer etiology, the potential effects of electromagnetic fields and rediofrequency radiation, and the principles of cancer chemoprevention. The textbook is organized into five sections: Basic Concepts; The Magnitude of Cancer; The Causes of Cancer; Cancer by Tissue of Origin; Cancer Prevention and Control. In this new edition, Drs. David Schottenfeld and Joseph F. Fraumeni, Jr. have enlisted three distinguished Associate Editors: Drs. Jonathan Samet of Johns Hopkins University, Graham Colditz of Harvard University and Alice Whittemore of Stanford University.