Download or read book Hanseatic Architecture written by Axel Stelter and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2009-01-19 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seminar paper from the year 2008 in the subject Engineering - Civil Engineering, grade: A, University of California, Berkeley, 15 entries in the bibliography, language: English, abstract: In 1894 the British architect John Tavenor wrote an article about the remains of medieval architecture in the Baltic area. He concluded that the style in this area has been carried throughout the Middle Ages and further stated that the style is "quite dissimilar to those of the rest of the continent", meaning the Gothic style, that started to spread over Europe in the 11th and 12th centuries. He calls this architecture the "Baltic style" and considers it to be a sub-style of the Gothic style. The Holy Roman Empire, which contributed to the spread of the Gothic style, only reached as far as the Elbe River in Germany. The Baltic area, as the heart of Northern Europe, was fractured into many kingdoms, principalities and lordships in the 1st millennium B.C. So how was it possible that cultural and economic goods could spread in these disadvantageous circumstances, at a time when "commerce by sea was little more than outrageous piracy and commerce by land was obliged to follow one or two beaten tracks across Europe in order to escape merciless exactions of the robber barons" One answer could be the Hanseatic League, a protected network created by merchants, in order to protect their trade. This alliance allowed trading guilds to manifest a trade monopoly within the entire Baltic area. Since the League was not tied to any sphere of control but the merchants themselves, trades could be made easily within Northern Europe. Consequently the simultaneous appearance of the League and the Baltic style suggest that there is a possible correlation between the architecture in the Baltic area and its spread along the Hanseatic League's trading routes. During this essay I am going to support this assumption by finding exemplifying similarities among buildings in the Hanse towns along the m

Download or read book The Hanse in Medieval and Early Modern Europe written by Justyna Wubs-Mrozewicz and published by BRILL. This book was released on 2012-12-07 with total page 302 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Hanse in Medieval and Early Modern Europe discusses new research on this unique organization of towns and traders, and places the findings in the broader context of European economic, legal and social history.

Download or read book The Influence of the Hanseatic League on the Architecture of Northern Europe Paper Etc From the Journal of the Royal Institute of British Architects written by John Tavenor PERRY and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Hansa Towns written by Helen Zimmern and published by . This book was released on 1889 with total page 426 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Influence of the Hanseatic League on the Architecture of Northern Europe written by John Tavenor Perry and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 26 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The German Hansa written by Philippe Dollinger and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 1999 with total page 534 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: First published in 1999. Routledge is an imprint of Taylor & Francis, an informa company.

Download or read book Finnish Architecture and the Modernist Tradition written by Malcolm Quantrill and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is a unique and comprehensive study of the entire span of Finnish architecture in the 20th century. Using comparative critical analysis, the author weaves Aalto's contribution into his overview of the evolution of modern Finnish architecture and includes the work of a range of lesser published figures. It will be of considerable interest to architects, art historians and all those interested in modern Finnish architecture.

Download or read book American Architect written by and published by . This book was released on 1894 with total page 586 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Hansa written by Johannes Schildhauer and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Revolving Architecture written by Chad Randl and published by Princeton Architectural Press. This book was released on 2008-05-15 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Alternately lauded as the future of architecture or dismissed as pure folly, revolving buildings are a fascinating missing chapter in architectural history with surprising relevance to issues in contemporary architectural design. Rotating structures have been employed to solve problems and create effects that stationary buildings can't achieve. Rotating buildings offeredever-changing vistas and made interior spaces more flexible and adaptable. They were used to impress visitors, treatpatients, and improve the green qualities of a structure by keeping particular rooms in or out of the sun. The follow-up to his critically acclaimed book A-frame, Chad Randl's Revolving Architecture: A History of Buildings that Rotate, Swivel, and Pivot explores the history of this unique building type, investigating the cultural forces that have driven people to design and inhabit them. Revolving Architecture is packed with a variety of fantastic revolving structures such as a jail that kept inmates under a wardens constant surveillance, glamorous revolving restaurants, tuberculosis treatment wards, houses, theaters, and even a contemporary residential building whose full-floor apartments circle independently of each other. International examples from the late 1800s though the present demonstrate the variety and innovation of these dynamic structures.

Download or read book The American Architect and Building News written by and published by . This book was released on 1891 with total page 880 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book L beck written by A. B. Enns and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Can Small Urban Communities Survive written by Branka Berce-Bratko and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-01-17 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title was first published in 2001. Throughout the post-war period, there has been much activity in the conservation and renewal of old town centres throughout Europe. A considerable body of knowledge has been built up on the technical side of rehabilitation over a period of 40 years, but little attention has been paid to related societal and cultural aspects. More often than not this results in a degree of failure in the rehabilitation process. This is an exploration of how the planning and design of urban areas might be improved by the incorporation of culturological analysis within the town planning process. European practice in residential rehabilitation and conservation is renewed in order to gauge what progress has been made, with particular emphasis on solutions and remedies associated with cultural, ethnicity and minority issues.

Download or read book Structural Design in Building Conservation written by Dimitris Theodossopoulos and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-07-26 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No building is properly conserved if it is not structurally sound. Consequently architects, engineers and conservation officers need an adequate grounding in the technology, the materials and the historic origins of the building in order to complete a conservation project successfully. Structural Design in Building Conservation deals with design issues and technical choices, showing how they are integrated with the planning and architectural outcomes in a conservation project. It brings together theory with current conservation technology, discussing the possibilities of structural details and strategies in architectural expression. Case studies are central to this, and these are organised around such themes as the addition of roofs, requalification of space, strengthening and re-use of fabric, repristination, additions, completions, stiffness adjustments, and the correction of past mistakes. The reader is encouraged to examine the technical details of these real projects, and explore the possible solutions. The philosophy of structural interventions is introduced in the context of conservation theories and practices in various European countries. The main types of strengthening, repairs and interventions are explained using different building types, and the structural nature of the main elements to be strengthened (linear structures, frames, plates and shells) is explored in detail. Case studies included cover a very wide range of historic types and conversions, not only monumental masonry structures like neoclassical buildings, major temples, churches, public buildings and museums, but also more utilitarian structures like historic mills, early reinforced concrete structures and vaulting types. This is essential reading for all students of architectural conservation, and practicing architects and engineers who are involved in conservation projects.

Download or read book Lonely Planet Estonia Latvia Lithuania written by Anna Kaminski and published by Lonely Planet. This book was released on 2022-11 with total page 760 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lonely Planet’s Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania is our most comprehensive guide that extensively covers all the region has to offer, with recommendations for both popular and lesser-known experiences. Explore Tallinn’s fairy-tale old town, relax at Curonian Spit, and marvel at Riga’s art nouveau architecture; all with your trusted travel companion. Inside Lonely Planet’s Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania Travel Guide: What’s NEW in this edition? Up-to-date information - all businesses were rechecked before publication to ensure they are still open after 2020’s COVID-19 outbreak NEW top experiences feature - a visually inspiring collection of Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania’s best experiences and where to have them What's NEW feature taps into cultural trends and helps you find fresh ideas and cool new areas Planning tools for family travellers - where to go, how to save money, plus fun stuff just for kids Highlights and itineraries help you tailor your trip to your personal needs and interests Eating & drinking in Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania - we reveal the dishes and drinks you have to try Colour maps and images throughout Insider tips to save time and money and get around like a local, avoiding crowds and trouble spots Honest reviews for all budgets - eating, sleeping, sightseeing, going out, shopping, hidden gems that most guidebooks miss Cultural insights give you a richer, more rewarding travel experience - history, people, music, landscapes, wildlife, politics Over 79 maps Covers Estonia, Helsinki Excursion, Latvia, Lithuania, Kaliningrad Excursion The Perfect Choice: Lonely Planet’s Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania, our most comprehensive guide to Estonia, Latvia & Lithuania, is perfect for both exploring top sights and taking roads less travelled. About Lonely Planet: Lonely Planet is a leading travel media company, providing both inspiring and trustworthy information for every kind of traveller since 1973. Over the past four decades, we've printed over 145 million guidebooks and phrasebooks for 120 languages, and grown a dedicated, passionate global community of travellers. You'll also find our content online, and in mobile apps, videos, 14 languages, armchair and lifestyle books, ebooks, and more, enabling you to explore every day. 'Lonely Planet guides are, quite simply, like no other.' – New York Times 'Lonely Planet. It's on everyone's bookshelves; it's in every traveller's hands. It's on mobile phones. It's on the Internet. It's everywhere, and it's telling entire generations of people how to travel the world.' – Fairfax Media (Australia)

Download or read book The Rough Guide to Europe on a Budget Travel Guide eBook written by Rough Guides and published by Rough Guides UK. This book was released on 2017-03-01 with total page 1919 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rough Guide to Europe on a Budget has all you need to know for an out-of-this-world trip that won't affect your credit rating. Leave financial woes behind and get to grips with every corner of the continent, from awe-inspiring Stonehenge to the jaw-dropping Sistine Chapel, blissful beaches on Croatia's Brac and cool beers in Budapest's ruin pubs. Handy itineraries will help you decide your route, clear, colour-coded maps let you plan your days and gorgeous photos will have you rearing to go. Combined with in-depth descriptions of all the key sights and painstakingly researched recommendations for the best hostels, hotels, campsites, cafés, restaurants, bars and clubs, The Rough Guide to Europe on a Budget reveals the continent in all its glory, without breaking the bank. And if you do feel like splashing out occasionally, "treat yourself" boxes offer inspiration - take a dip in the rooftop pool at Bath's Thermae Spa or track down Wroclaw's most mouthwatering pierogi, for example. Make the most of your European adventure with The Rough Guide to Europe on a Budget that includes countries like Albania, Austria, Belgium & Luxembourg, Bosnia-Herzegovina, Bulgaria, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Great Britain, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Macedonia, Montenegro, Morocco, The Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Serbia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Turkey and Ukraine.

Download or read book Poland Rough Guides Snapshot Europe on a Budget written by Rough Guides and published by Rough Guides UK. This book was released on 2017-04-03 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Rough Guides Snapshot Europe on a Budget: Poland is the ultimate backpacker's guide to this fascinating country. You'll find reliable information and comprehensive coverage of all the top sights and attractions, from hiking in the Tatras to bar-hopping in Warsaw, alongside cash-saving tips and suggestions for when you feel like treating yourself. Detailed maps and up-to-date listings pinpoint the best cafés, restaurants, hotels, shops, bars and nightlife, ensuring you make the most of your trip, whether passing through, staying for just a few days or longer. The Rough Guides Snapshot Europe on a Budget: Poland covers Warsaw, Gdansk, Kraków, Auschwitz-Birkenau, the Tatra Mountains, Wroclaw and Poznan.Also included is the Basics section from the Rough Guide to Europe on a Budget, with all the practical information you need for travelling in and around Poland, including transport, costs, health, festivals, work and study, plus a handy itineraries section. Also published as part of the Rough Guide to Europe on a Budget. The Rough Guides Snapshot Europe on a Budget: Poland is equivalent to 48 printed pages.