Download or read book Growth and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Under Controlled Environment written by Yee Kyuan Leong and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Green Chemistry and Engineering written by Mukesh Doble and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-27 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chemical processes provide a diverse array of valuable products and materials used in applications ranging from health care to transportation and food processing. Yet these same chemical processes that provide products and materials essential to modern economies, also generate substantial quantities of wastes and emissions. Green Chemistry is the utilization of a set of principles that reduces or eliminate the use or generation of hazardous substances in design. Due to extravagant costs needed to managing these wastes, tens of billions of dollars a year, there is a need to propose a way to create less waste. Emission and treatment standards continue to become more stringent, which causes these costs to continue to escalate. Green Chemistry and Engineering describes both the science (theory) and engineering (application) principles of Green Chemistry that lead to the generation of less waste. It explores the use of milder manufacturing conditions resulting from the use of smarter organic synthetic techniques and the maintenance of atom efficiency that can temper the effects of chemical processes. By implementing these techniques means less waste, which will save industry millions of dollars over time. - Chemical processes that provide products and materials essential to modern economies generate substantial quantities of wastes and emissions, this new book describes both the science (theory) and engineering (application) principles of Green Chemistry that lead to the generation of less waste - This book contains expert advise from scientists around the world, encompassing developments in the field since 2000 - Aids manufacturers, scientists, managers, and engineers on how to implement ongoing changes in a vast developing field that is important to the environment and our lives
Download or read book Zinc Based Nanostructures for Environmental and Agricultural Applications written by Kamel A. Abd-Elsalam and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2021-05-22 with total page 678 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zinc-Based Nanostructures for Environmental and Agricultural Applications shows how zinc nanostructures are being used in agriculture, food and the environment. The book has been divided into two parts: Part I deals with the synthesis and characterization of zinc-based nanostructures such as biogenic, plant, microbial, and actinobacteria mediated synthesis of zinc nanoparticles, Part II is focused on agri-food applications such as antibacterial, antifungal, antimicrobial, plant disease management, controlling post-harvest diseases, pesticide sensing and degradations, plant promotions, ZnO nanostructure for food packaging application, safe animal food and feed supplement, elimination of mycotoxins, and veterinary applications. Part III reviews technological developments in environmental applications such as risks and benefits for aquatic organisms and the marine environment, antiseptic activity and toxicity mechanisms, wastewater treatment, and zinc oxide-based nanomaterials for photocatalytic degradation of environmental and agricultural pollutants. The book discusses various aspects, including the application of zinc-based nanostructures to enhance plant health and growth, the effect on soil microbial activity, antimicrobial mechanism, phytotoxicity and accumulation in plants, the possible impact of zinc-based nanostructures in the agricultural sector as nanofertilizer, enhancing crop productivity, and other possible antimicrobial mechanisms of ZnO nanomaterials. - Explores the impact of a large variety of zinc-based nanostructures on agri-food and environment sectors - Outlines how the properties of zinc-based nanostructures mean they are particularly efficient in environmental and agricultural application areas - Assesses the major challenges of synthesizing and processing zinc-based nanostructured materials
Download or read book Toxicology written by Marcelo Larramendy and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-10-26 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This edited book, Toxicology - New Aspects to This Scientific Conundrum, is intended to provide an overview on the different xenobiotics employed every day in our anthropogenic activities. We hope that this book will continue to meet the expectations and needs of all interested in the implications for the living species of known and new toxicants and to guide them in the future investigations.
Download or read book Growth and Characterization of Zinc Oxide ZnO Nanostructures for Photovotaic Applications written by Basma El Zein and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 195 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We identified that the growth parameters are vital to control the crystallinity, morphology and the defect levels in the synthesized ZnO nanowires. SEM, XRD, TEM, HRTEM analysis show that the nanostructures are highly crystalline and are vertically oriented. We also report the in-situ growth of PbS nanoparticles without linker on the surface of well -oriented ZnO NWs by (SILAR) technique. The PbS Nanoparticles are packed tightly on the surface of the ZnO Nanowires with different sizes and densities, without insulating nature organic ligands, which might affect both the electronic structure at the interface and the electron - transfer rate. The SEM, TEM, HRTEM, PL and XRD analysis, confirm the attachment of the spherical shape polycrystalline PbS nanoparticles. We propose at the end of the thesis the p-PbS /n-ZnO hetero-junction with its future applications in solar cells.
Download or read book Multifunctional Oxide Based Materials From Synthesis to Application written by Teofil Jesionowski and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book deals with novel aspects and perspectives in metal oxide and hybrid material fabrication. The contributions are mainly focused on the search for a new group of advanced materials with designed physicochemical properties, especially an expanded porous structure and defined surface activity. The proposed technological procedures result in an enhanced activity of the synthesized hybrid materials, which is of great importance when considering their potential fields of application. The use of such materials in different technological disciplines, including aspects associated with environmental protection, allows for the verification of the proposed synthesis method. Thus, it can be stated that those aspects are of interdisciplinary character and may be located at the interface of three scientific disciplines—chemistry, materials science, and engineering—as well as environmental protection. Furthermore, the presented scientific scope is in some way an answer to the continuous demand for such types of materials and opens new perspectives for their practical use
Download or read book Zinc Oxide Nanostructures Synthesis and Characterization written by Sotirios Baskoutas and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2018-12-04 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Zinc Oxide Nanostructures: Synthesis and Characterization" that was published in Materials
Download or read book Nanocomposites for Electrochemical Capacitors written by Inamuddin and published by Materials Research Forum LLC. This book was released on 2018-01-15 with total page 215 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Electrochemical capacitors or supercapacitors offer a number of advantages over batteries; they are more safe and reliable, charge quicker, have an indefinite lifespan, exhibit a high power density and a wide range of working temperature. Supercapacitors demonstrate an extraordinary potential in both consumer electronics and large-sized energy storage applications, e.g. in communications, transportation, aviation, and power industries. The book explores recent developments in the area of composite applications for supercapacitor electrodes based von conducting polymers, graphene, biomass, or carbonaceous quantum dots. Synthesis strategies of composite materials and electrode preparation methods are discussed in detail. Electrochemical Capacitors, Supercapacitors, Energy Storage, Supercapacitor Electrodes, Conducting Polymer Composites, Graphene-based Composites, Biomass-based Capacitors, Carbonaceous Quantum Dot Composites, Sol-Gel Synthesis, Sonochemical Synthesis, Polyaniline-Zirconia Nanofibers
Download or read book Chemical Properties of Material Surfaces written by Marek Kosmulski and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2001-07-18 with total page 774 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A discussion of the adsorption of inorganics from aqueous solution on inorganic adsorbents. It emphasizes the relationship between adsorption and surface charging, highlighting simple and complex adsorption systems sorted by the adsorbent as well as the adsorbate. The author includes a comprehensive collection of pristine PZC of different materials - covering crystallographic structure, methods of preparation, impurities in the solid, temperature and ionic composition of the solution, experimental methods to determine PZC, and the correlation between zero points and other physical quantities.
Download or read book Molecular Aspects of Plant Beneficial Microbes in Agriculture written by Vivek Sharma and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-03-12 with total page 454 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular Aspects of Plant Beneficial Microbes in Agriculture explores their diverse interactions, including the pathogenic and symbiotic relationship which leads to either a decrease or increase in crop productivity. Focusing on these environmentally-friendly approaches, the book explores their potential in changing climatic conditions. It presents the exploration and regulation of beneficial microbes in offering sustainable and alternative solutions to the use of chemicals in agriculture. The beneficial microbes presented here are capable of contributing to nutrient balance, growth regulators, suppressing pathogens, orchestrating immune response and improving crop performance. The book also offers insights into the advancements in DNA technology and bioinformatic approaches which have provided in-depth knowledge about the molecular arsenal involved in mineral uptake, nitrogen fixation, growth promotion and biocontrol attributes.
Download or read book Environmental Bioassay Techniques and their Application written by M. Munawar and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-11 with total page 663 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the First International Conference held in Lancaster, England, July 11-14, 1988
Download or read book Size dependent Synthesis Characterization and Biomedical Applications of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles written by Ryan Theodore Spidle and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Zinc oxide (ZnO) is a chemically and thermally stable n-type semiconducting material with many applications including solar cells, piezoelectrics, and fuel cell devices due to their flexible use in chemical sensing. ZnO has a wide band gap and fast electron transfer that makes it a promising candidate for a supporting matrix in the fabrication of biosensors. ZnO's high isoelectric point facilitates its binding with many enzymes proteins, DNA, and RNA providing potential use in biomedical applications. Here, we hydrothermally synthesized ZnO nanoparticles at low temperature conditions. Solvent, precursor, and reaction temperatures as well as reaction times were varied resulting in controlling the size, morphology and properties of the particles. These ZnO nanoparticles were characterized extensively by employing the use of scanning electron microscopy (SEM), infrared spectroscopy (IR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) among other techniques. These nanoparticles were coupled with multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNT) to fabricate hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and glucose sensors. ZnO is also demonstrated to potentially increase enzyme activity using luciferase as a model system.
Download or read book Green Metal Nanoparticles written by Suvardhan Kanchi and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2018-10-18 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking book uniquely focuses on the exploration of the green synthesis of metal nanoparticles and their characterization and applications. Metal nanoparticles are the basic elements of nanotechnology as they are the primary source used in the design of nanostructured devices and materials. Nanomaterials can be manufactured either incidentally, with physical or chemical methods, or naturally; and the high demand for them has led to their large-scale production by various toxic solvents or high energy techniques. However, due to the growing awareness of environmental and safety issues, the use of clean, nontoxic and environment-friendly ways to synthesize metal nanoparticles has emerged out of necessity. The use of biological resources, such as microbes, plant parts, vegetable wastes, agricultural wastes, gums, etc., has grown to become an alternative way of synthesizing metal nanoparticles. This biogenic synthesis is green, environmentally friendly, cost-effective, and nontoxic. The current multi-authored book includes recent information and builds a database of bioreducing agents for various metal nanoparticles using different precursor systems. Green Metal Nanoparticles also highlights different simple, cost-effective, environment-friendly and easily scalable strategies, and includes parameters for controlling the size and shape of the materials developed from the various greener methods.
Download or read book Growth and Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanostructures written by Samuel L. Mensah and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Nutrient Use Efficiency from Basics to Advances written by Amitava Rakshit and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-26 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses in detail multifaceted approaches to boosting nutrient use efficiency (NUE) that are modified by plant interactions with environmental variables and combine physiological, microbial, biotechnological and agronomic aspects. Conveying an in-depth understanding of the topic will spark the development of new cultivars and strains to induce NUE, coupled with best management practices that will immensely benefit agricultural systems, safeguarding their soil, water, and air quality. Written by recognized experts in the field, the book is intended to provide students, scientists and policymakers with essential insights into holistic approaches to NUE, as well as an overview of some successful case studies. In the present understanding of agriculture, NUE represents a question of process optimization in response to the increasing fragility of our natural resources base and threats to food grain security across the globe. Further improving nutrient use efficiency is a prerequisite to reducing production costs, expanding crop acreage into non-competitive marginal lands with low nutrient resources, and preventing environmental contamination. The nutrients most commonly limiting plant growth are N, P, K, S and micronutrients like Fe, Zn, B and Mo. NUE depends on the ability to efficiently take up the nutrient from the soil, but also on transport, storage, mobilization, usage within the plant and the environment. A number of approaches can help us to understand NUE as a whole. One involves adopting best crop management practices that take into account root-induced rhizosphere processes, which play a pivotal role in controlling nutrient dynamics in the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum. New technologies, from basic tools like leaf color charts to sophisticated sensor-based systems and laser land leveling, can reduce the dependency on laboratory assistance and manual labor. Another approach concerns the development of crop plants through genetic manipulations that allow them to take up and assimilate nutrients more efficiently, as well as identifying processes of plant responses to nutrient deficiency stress and exploring natural genetic variation. Though only recently introduced, the ability of microbial inoculants to induce NUE is gaining in importance, as the loss, immobilization, release and availability of nutrients are mediated by soil microbial processes.
Download or read book Synthesis and Applications of Inorganic Nanostructures written by Huaqiang Cao and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2017-12-26 with total page 558 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Authored by a leading figure in the field, this book systematically describes all the fundamental aspects and applications of inorganic nanostructures from zero to three dimensions. It not only discusses various synthesis technologies, but also covers the physical properties of inorganic nanostructures, such as optical, electric and magnetic properties, and practical applications such as energy storage (including Li-ion and Ni-MH batteries and supercapacitors), superhydrophobic and bio-applications, etc. The focus throughout is on the synthesis-structure-application relationships, including the growth mechanisms for the nanostrucutres. Concise yet comprehensive, this is indispensable reading for chemists and materials scientists.
Download or read book Characterization of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Their Applications in Food Safety written by Ruoyu Li and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 51 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this study, ZnO NPs suspension was studied for their antibacterial activities against Escherichia coli O157:H7. Beef cuts inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 were wrapped with 5% (wt %) yam starch films incorporated with ZnO NPs suspension of 0, 6 and 12 mM and refrigerated at 4oC. An average of 0.5-log reduction of the bacteria growth of the cocktail mixture of three E. coli O157:H7 strains was observed with yam starch films containing 6 or 12 mM ZnO NPs in three replications after 8 days. Various concentrations of ZnO NPs powder from 0.05 to 1% w/w were added to corn starch. The presence and characterization of ZnO NPs in corn starch was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and energydispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS). Quantification of ZnO NPs was determined by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). To the best of our knowledge, this is the first systematic methodologies presented for detection, characterization, and quantification of ENPs in a food sample by a combination of methods. It could potentially be applied to other common NPs such as TiO2 NPs and MgO NPs in other food products.
