Download or read book Governance of Fertility Transition written by Geoffrey McNicoll and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Libert galit Fraternit written by Monica Das Gupta and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1999 with total page 29 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Governance of Fertility Transition written by Geoffrey McNicoll and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author of this article argues that the Asian experience in state-influenced fertility transition is characterized best by regularity and duress. Both qualities are transferable. Regularity is the preferred path, but it is also the more demanding. Regularity may not be marketable as policy in this age of programmatic emphasis, but the practical benefits spread beyond the population sphere. Regularity is achieved by authoritarian governments with co-opted village leadership or social systems with a high degree of local self-government and a fairly liberal population. State authority typically replaces those of kin and community with a nuclear family identity. State authority generates familiar social and economic forces that depress fertility. Regularity is conducive to economic growth. The state influence of duress is the use of political, administrative pressure, or physical force to achieve fertility objectives. For example, authorities can mobilize the rural population behind public works projects. States can soften their influence to a harangue rather than harassment. The means include advertising campaigns, soap operas with a message, and speeches. Regularity and duress are independent features. For others to replicate Asia's fertility transition, it may require regularity and duress and a focus on the engineers, such as interior ministry officials, heads of local government, and family planning program managers. The political/administrative dimension is important for the course of fertility decline. Governance issues are discussed for Indonesia and Thailand, with exemplary family planning programs but different political histories, and contrasts in India and China.
Download or read book Governance of Fertility Transition written by Geoffrey McNicoll and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 14 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The author of this article argues that the Asian experience in state-influenced fertility transition is characterized best by regularity and duress. Both qualities are transferable. Regularity is the preferred path, but it is also the more demanding. Regularity may not be marketable as policy in this age of programmatic emphasis, but the practical benefits spread beyond the population sphere. Regularity is achieved by authoritarian governments with co-opted village leadership or social systems with a high degree of local self-government and a fairly liberal population. State authority typically replaces those of kin and community with a nuclear family identity. State authority generates familiar social and economic forces that depress fertility. Regularity is conducive to economic growth. The state influence of duress is the use of political, administrative pressure, or physical force to achieve fertility objectives. For example, authorities can mobilize the rural population behind public works projects. States can soften their influence to a harangue rather than harassment. The means include advertising campaigns, soap operas with a message, and speeches. Regularity and duress are independent features. For others to replicate Asia's fertility transition, it may require regularity and duress and a focus on the engineers, such as interior ministry officials, heads of local government, and family planning program managers. The political/administrative dimension is important for the course of fertility decline. Governance issues are discussed for Indonesia and Thailand, with exemplary family planning programs but different political histories, and contrasts in India and China.
Download or read book Government and Fertility in Transitional and Post transitional Societies written by Geoffrey McNicoll and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Libert Egalit Fraternit written by Monica Das Gupta and published by . This book was released on with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fertility Transition in the Developing World written by John Bongaarts and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This open access book provides an overview and analysis of the causes and consequences of the massive and highly consequential transition in reproductive behaviour that occurred in Asia, Latin America, and Africa since the mid-20th century. In the 1950s contraceptive use was rare and women typically spend most of their reproductive years bearing and rearing children. By 2020 fertility and contraceptive use in Asia and Latin America reached levels commonly observed in the developed world. Africa’s fertility is still high, but transitions have started in all countries. This monograph is the first to provide a comprehensive analysis of these trends and their determinants, covering changes in reproductive behaviour (e.g., use of contraception and abortion), preferences (e.g., desire to limit and space births) and the role of socioeconomic development (e.g., education). The role of government policies and in particular family planning programs is discussed in depth. Particular attention is given to provide a balanced assessment of several political and scientific controversies that have beset the field. As such this book provides an interesting read for a wide audience of undergraduate and graduate students, researchers, and public health policy makers.
Download or read book Libert Egalit Fraternit written by Monica Das Gupta and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 25 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Recent Fertility Trends in Sub Saharan Africa written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-18 with total page 89 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fertility rates and population growth influence economic development. The marked declines in fertility seen in some developing nations have been accompanied by slowing population growth, which in turn provided a window of opportunity for rapid economic growth. For many sub-Saharan African nations, this window has not yet opened because fertility rates have not declined as rapidly there as elsewhere. Fertility rates in many sub-Saharan African countries are high: the total rate for the region is estimated to be 5.1 births per woman, and rates that had begun to decline in many countries in the region have stalled. High rates of fertility in these countries are likely to contribute to continued rapid population growth: the United Nations projects that the region's population will increase by 1.2 billion by 2050, the highest growth among the regions for which there are projections. In June 2015, the Committee on Population organized a workshop to explore fertility trends and the factors that have influenced them. The workshop committee was asked to explore history and trends related to fertility, proximate determinants and other influences, the status and impact of family planning programs, and prospects for further reducing fertility rates. This study will help donors, researchers, and policy makers better understand the factors that may explain the slow pace of fertility decline in this region, and develop methods to improve family planning in sub-Saharan Africa.
Download or read book Libert e egalit e Fraternit e written by Monica Das Gupta and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Completing the Fertility Transition written by and published by United Nations Publications. This book was released on 2009 with total page 507 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This series focuses on population studies carried out by the United Nations, its specialized agencies and other organizations. This issue deals with the guidelines for the projection of fertility. The publication aims to increase understanding of likely fertility trends in the diverse countries of the world.
Download or read book Beyond Six Billion written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2000-10-11 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Is rapid world population growth actually coming to an end? As population growth and its consequences have become front-page issues, projections of slowing growth from such institutions as the United Nations and the World Bank have been called into question. Beyond Six Billion asks what such projections really say, why they say it, whether they can be trusted, and whether they can be improved. The book includes analysis of how well past U.N. and World Bank projections have panned out, what errors have occurred, and why they have happened. Focusing on fertility as one key to accurate projections, the committee examines the transition from high, constant fertility to low fertility levels and discusses whether developing countries will eventually attain the very low levels of births now observed in the industrialized world. Other keys to accurate projections, predictions of lengthening life span and of the impact of international migration on specific countries, are also explored in detail. How good are our methods of population forecasting? How can we cope with the inevitable uncertainty? What population trends can we anticipate? Beyond Six Billion illuminates not only the forces that shape population growth but also the accuracy of the methods we use to quantify these forces and the uncertainty surrounding projections. The Committee on Population was established by the National Academy of Sciences (NAS) in 1983 to bring the knowledge and methods of the population sciences to bear on major issues of science and public policy. The committee's work includes both basic studies of fertility, health and mortality, and migration; and applied studies aimed at improving programs for the public health and welfare in the United States and in developing countries. The committee also fosters communication among researchers in different disciplines and countries and policy makers in government, international agencies, and private organizations. The work of the committee is made possible by funding from several government agencies and private foundations.
Download or read book The Demographic Dividend written by David Bloom and published by Rand Corporation. This book was released on 2003-02-13 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is long-standing debate on how population growth affects national economies. A new report from Population Matters examines the history of this debate and synthesizes current research on the topic. The authors, led by Harvard economist David Bloom, conclude that population age structure, more than size or growth per se, affects economic development, and that reducing high fertility can create opportunities for economic growth if the right kinds of educational, health, and labor-market policies are in place. The report also examines specific regions of the world and how their differing policy environments have affected the relationship between population change and economic development.
Download or read book The Continuing Demographic Transition written by G. W. Jones and published by Clarendon Press. This book was released on 1998-01-29 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: From the perspective of human society, one of the most significant occurrences of the twentieth century has been the demographic transition —- the movement from tragic and wastefully high death and birth rates to low rates in many countries. Many other countries, however, are still at only the early or intermediate stages of this process. In these countries, means need to be found to accelerate the transition. This book brings new evidence to bear on aspects of the demographic trasition, with contributions from leading demographers, anthropologists, sociologists, and historians. The book ranges widely over the history and current experience of both developed and developing countries, with particular emphasis on Asia and Africa. The new field of anthropological demography is strongly represented, with contributions challenging much conventional wisdom.
Download or read book The Demographic Transition written by Jean-Claude Chesnais and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Demographic transition constitutes one of the most fundamental modern historical changes; people live much longer, have fewer children, and experience higher mobility. This book examines the basic mechanisms behind the modernisation of demographic behaviour. The author has marshalled an impressive array of statistical material relating to sixty-seven countries, half of them less developed countries. Most of the tables are time-series, covering many decades and sometimes go back to the nineteenth, and even eighteenth centuries. The whole sweep of western experience is dealt with here impartially. Though technically sophisticated, the book also covers issues of interpretation and analysis. The author puts forward a number of challenging propositions: mortality decrease is shown to necessarily precede fertility and decline, so-called execptions being simply false exceptions. He shows how the decline of fertility is dependent on important and manifold social transformations. The strong connections between international migration and the course of demographic transition are demonstrated, as is the fact that less developed countries are following the same general patterns as MDCs. There is also discussion of why the theory of demographic transition must include the effect of population changes on the economic progress of society.
Download or read book Strengthening Governance Globally written by Barry B. Hughes and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-11-17 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strengthening Governance Globally is the fifth volume in the series 'Patterns of Potential Human Progress'. Each volume considers one key aspect of how development unfolds globally and how better to move it in desired directions. This volume identifies the provision of security, the building of government capacity, and the broadening of inclusion of governance on which high-income countries have traditionally made long historical transitions. In contrast, many developing countries today struggle with all three governance transition dimensions simultaneously. Strengthening Governance Globally uses the growing empirical database on governance variables to understand historical change.
Download or read book A Hinge of History written by George P. Shultz and published by Hoover Press. This book was released on 2020-11-01 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world is at an inflection point. Advancing technologies are creating new opportunities and challenges. Great demographic changes are occurring rapidly, with significant consequences. Governance everywhere is in disarray. A new world is emerging. These are some of the key insights to emerge from a series of interdisciplinary roundtables and global expert contributions hosted by the Hoover Institution. In these pages, George P. Shultz and James Timbie examine a range of issues shaping our present and future, region by region. Concrete proposals address migration, reversing the decline of K–12 education, updating the social safety net, maintaining economic productivity, protecting our democratic processes, improving national security, and more. Meeting these transformational challenges will require international cooperation, constructive engagement, and strong governance. The United States is well positioned to ride this wave of change—and lead other nations in doing the same.
