Download or read book Geometric Programming for Design Equation Development and Cost Profit Optimization with illustrative case study problems and solutions Third Edition written by Robert Creese and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geometric Programming is used for cost minimization, profit maximization, obtaining cost ratios, and the development of generalized design equations for the primal variables. The early pioneers of geometric programming—Zener, Duffin, Peterson, Beightler, Wilde, and Phillips—played important roles in its development. Five new case studies have been added to the third edition. There are five major sections: (1) Introduction, History and Theoretical Fundamentals; (2) Cost Minimization Applications with Zero Degrees of Difficulty; (3) Profit Maximization Applications with Zero Degrees of Difficulty; (4) Applications with Positive Degrees of Difficulty; and (5) Summary, Future Directions, and Geometric Programming Theses & Dissertations Titles. The various solution techniques presented are the constrained derivative approach, condensation of terms approach, dimensional analysis approach, and transformed dual approach. A primary goal of this work is to have readers develop more case studies and new solution techniques to further the application of geometric programming.

Download or read book Geometric Programming for Design Equation Development and Cost Profit Optimization written by Robert C. Creese and published by Morgan & Claypool. This book was released on 2016-12-27 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geometric Programming is used for cost minimization, profit maximization, obtaining cost ratios, and the development of generalized design equations for the primal variables. The early pioneers of geometric programming--Zener, Duffin, Peterson, Beightler, Wilde, and Phillips--played important roles in its development. Five new case studies have been added to the third edition. There are five major sections: (1) Introduction, History and Theoretical Fundamentals; (2) Cost Minimization Applications with Zero Degrees of Difficulty; (3) Profit Maximization Applications with Zero Degrees of Difficulty; (4) Applications with Positive Degrees of Difficulty; and (5) Summary, Future Directions, and Geometric Programming Theses & Dissertations Titles. The various solution techniques presented are the constrained derivative approach, condensation of terms approach, dimensional analysis approach, and transformed dual approach. A primary goal of this work is to have readers develop more case studies and new solution techniques to further the application of geometric programming.

Download or read book Integrated Process Design and Operational Optimization via Multiparametric Programming written by Baris Burnak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 242 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive optimization-based theory and framework that exploits the synergistic interactions and tradeoffs between process design and operational decisions that span different time scales. Conventional methods in the process industry often isolate decision making mechanisms with a hierarchical information flow to achieve tractable problems, risking suboptimal, even infeasible operations. In this book, foundations of a systematic model-based strategy for simultaneous process design, scheduling, and control optimization is detailed to achieve reduced cost and improved energy consumption in process systems. The material covered in this book is well suited for the use of industrial practitioners, academics, and researchers. In Chapter 1, a historical perspective on the milestones in model-based design optimization techniques is presented along with an overview of the state-of-the-art mathematical tools to solve the resulting complex problems. Chapters 2 and 3 discuss two fundamental concepts that are essential for the reader. These concepts are (i) mixed integer dynamic optimization problems and two algorithms to solve this class of optimization problems, and (ii) developing a model based multiparametric programming model predictive control. These tools are used to systematically evaluate the tradeoffs between different time-scale decisions based on a single high-fidelity model, as demonstrated on (i) design and control, (ii) scheduling and control, and (iii) design, scheduling, and control problems. We present illustrative examples on chemical processing units, including continuous stirred tank reactors, distillation columns, and combined heat and power regeneration units, along with discussions of other relevant work in the literature for each class of problems.

Download or read book Case Studies in Forensic Physics written by Gregory A. DiLisi and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on a forensics-style re-examination of several historical events. The purpose of these studies is to afford readers the opportunity to apply basic principles of physics to unsolved mysteries and controversial events in order to settle the historical debate. We identify nine advantages of using case studies as a pedagogical approach to understanding forensic physics. Each of these nine advantages is the focus of a chapter of this book. Within each chapter, we show how a cascade of unlikely events resulted in an unpredictable catastrophe and use introductory-level physics to analyze the outcome. Armed with the tools of a good forensic physicist, the reader will realize that the historical record is far from being a set of agreed upon immutable facts; instead, it is a living, changing thing that is open to re-visitation, re-examination, and re-interpretation.

Download or read book Engineering Design written by George D. Catalano and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 125 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While more and more undergraduate engineering programs are moving toward a multi-disciplinary capstone experience, there remains a need for a suitable textbook. The present text seeks to meet that need by providing a student friendly step by step template for this important and culminating academic journey beginning with the student design team's first meeting with the client to the final report and presentation. The text provides a wide range of design tools, a discussion of various design methodologies, a brief history of modern engineering, and a substantive consideration of engineering ethics. In addition, chapters are included on communication, team building and dealing with the inevitable obstacles that students encounter. Throughout the text, emphasis is placed upon the issues of environmental impact and the importance of diversity.

Download or read book Introduction to Engineering Design written by Ann Saterbak and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 223 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Introduction to Engineering Design is a practical, straightforward workbook designed to systematize the often messy process of designing solutions to open-ended problems. IFrom learning about the problem to prototyping a solution, this workbook guides developing engineers and designers through the iterative steps of the engineering design process. Created in a freshman engineering design course over ten years, this workbook has been refined to clearly guide students and teams to success. Together with a series of instructional videos and short project examples, the workbook has space for teams to execute the engineering design process on a challenge of their choice. Designed for university students as well as motivated learners, the workbook supports creative students as they tackle important problems. IIntroduction to Engineering Design is designed for educators looking to use project-based engineering design in their classroom.

Download or read book Biologically Inspired Design written by Torben A. Lenau and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 95 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As the existence of all life forms on our planet is currently in grave danger from the climate emergency caused by Homo sapiens, the words "sustainability" and "eco-responsibility" have entered the daily-use vocabularies of scientists, engineers, economists, business managers, industrialists, capitalists, and policy makers. Normal activities undertaken for the design of products and systems in industrialisms must be revamped. As the bioworld is a great resource for eco-responsible design activities, an overview of biologically inspired design is presented in this book in simple terms for anyone with even high-school education. Beginning with an introduction to the process of design in industry, the book presents the bioworld as a design resource along with the rationale for biologically inspired design. Problem-driven and solution-driven approaches for biologically inspired design are described next. The last chapter is focused on biologically inspired design for environment.

Download or read book Designing Engineering and Technology Curricula written by John Heywood and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The intention of this book is to demonstrate that curriculum design is a profoundly philosophical exercise that stems from perceptions of the mission of higher education. Since the curriculum is the formal mechanism through which intended aims are achieved, philosophy has a profound role to play in the determination of aims. It is argued that the curriculum is far more than a list of subjects and syllabi, or that it is the addition, and subtraction, of items from a syllabus, or whether this subject should be added and that subject taken away. This book explores how curricular aims and objectives are developed by re-examining the curriculum of higher education and how it is structured in the light of its increasing costs, rapidly changing technology, and the utilitarian philosophy that currently governs the direction of higher education. It is concluded that higher education should be a preparation for and continuing support for life and work, a consequence of which is that it has to equip graduates with skill in independent learning (and its planning), and reflective practice. A transdisciplinary curriculum with technology at its core is deduced that serves the four realities of the person, the job, technology, and society.

Download or read book Value Rational Engineering written by Shuichi Fukuda and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Early in the 20th century, our world was small and closed with boundaries. And, there were no appreciable changes. Therefore, we could foresee the future. These days, however, we could apply mathematical rationality and solve problems without any difficulty. As our world began to expand rapidly and boundaries disappeared, the problem of bounded rationality emerged. Engineeres put forth tremendous effort to overcome this difficulty and succeeded in expanding the bounds of mathematical rationality, thereby establishing the ""Controllable World."" However, our world continues to expand. Therefore such an approach can no longer be applied. We have no other choice than ""satisficing"" (Herbert A. Simon's word, Satisfy + Suffice). This expanding open world brought us frequent and extensive changes which are unpredictable and diversification and personalization of customer expectations. To cope with these situations, we need diverse knowledge and experience. Thus, to satisfy our customers, we need teamwork. These changes of environments and situations transformed the meaning of value. It used to mean excellent functions and exact reproducibility. Now, it means how good and flexible we can be to adapt to the situations. Thus, adaptability is the value today. Although these changes were big, and we needed to re-define value, a greater shift in engineering is now emerging. The Internet of Things (IoT) brought us the ""Connected Society,"" where things are connected. Things include not only products, but also humans. As changes are so frequent and extensive, only users know what is happening right now. Thus, the user in this Connected Society needs to be a playing manager—he or she should manage to control the product-human team on the pitch. Moreover, this Connected Society will bring us another big shift in engineering. Engineering in this framework will become Social Networking, with engineering no longer developing individual products and managing team products. The Internet works two ways between the sender and the receiver. Our engineering has ever been only one way. Thus, how we establish a social networking framework for engineering is a big challenge facing us today. This will change our engineering. Engineers are expected to develop not only products, but also such dream society. This book discusses these issues and points out that New Horizons are emerging before us. It is hoped that this book helps readers explore and establish their own New Worlds.

Download or read book Scientific Analysis of Cultural Heritage Objects written by Michael Wiescher and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The characterization of cultural heritage objects becomes increasingly important for conservation, restoration, dating, and authentication purposes. The use of scientific methods in archaeometry and conservation science has led to a significant broadening of the field. Scientific analysis of these objects is a challenging task due to their complex composition, artistic and historical values requiring the use of minimally invasive and nondestructive analytical procedures. This textbook summarizes scientific methods that are currently used to characterize objects of cultural heritage and archaeological artifacts. This book provides a brief description of the structure of matter at the molecular, atomic, and nuclear levels. Furthermore, it discusses the chemical and physical nature of materials from the molecular to the atomic and nuclear level as determined by the principles of quantum mechanics. Important aspects of natural and anthropogenic radioactivity that play a critical role for some of the analytical techniques are also emphasized. The textbook also provides principals and applications of spectroscopic methods for characterization of cultural heritage objects. It describes the technologies with specific examples for utilization of spectroscopic techniques in the characterization of paintings, books, coins, ceramics, and other objects. Analytic approaches that employ isotopes and determination of isotope ratios will be reviewed. General principles of imaging techniques and specific examples for utilization of these methods will also be summarized. In the later part of the book, a number of scientific techniques for the age determination of cultural heritage material and archaeological artifacts will be presented and discussed with specific examples.

Download or read book Transformative Teaching written by Nadia Kellam and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The journey to becoming an exemplary engineering educator is one that is rarely simple and straightforward. Simply being exposed to active learning strategies or innovative pedagogies rarely leads to a transformation of one's own teaching. In this book, we present a collection of stories from exemplary engineering educators that are told in their own voices. These stories are shared to enable readers to immerse themselves in first-person recollections of transformation, involving engineering educators who changed their teaching strategies from the ways that they were taught as engineering undergraduate students to ways that more effectively fostered a conducive learning atmosphere for all students. It is our hope that providing stories of successful engineering educators might stimulate thoughtful and productive self-reflection on ways that we can each change our own teaching. These stories are not simple, linear stories of transformation. Instead, they highlight the complexities and nuances inherent to transforming the way that engineering faculty teach. Through our strategy of narrative storytelling, we hope to inspire future and current engineering educators to embark on their own journeys of teaching transformations. We conclude the book with some lessons that we learned during our readings of these stories, and invite readers to extract lessons of their own.

Download or read book Generating Functions in Engineering and the Applied Sciences written by Rajan Chattamvelli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 99 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an introductory book on generating functions (GFs) and their applications. It discusses commonly encountered generating functions in engineering and applied sciences, such as ordinary generating functions (OGF), exponential generating functions (EGF), probability generating functions (PGF), etc. Some new GFs like Pochhammer generating functions for both rising and falling factorials are introduced in Chapter 2. Two novel GFs called "mean deviation generating function" (MDGF) and "survival function generating function" (SFGF), are introduced in Chapter 3. The mean deviation of a variety of discrete distributions are derived using the MDGF. The last chapter discusses a large number of applications in various disciplines including algebra, analysis of algorithms, polymer chemistry, combinatorics, graph theory, number theory, reliability, epidemiology, bio-informatics, genetics, management, economics, and statistics. Some background knowledge on GFs is often assumed for courses in analysis of algorithms, advanced data structures, digital signal processing (DSP), graph theory, etc. These are usually provided by either a course on "discrete mathematics" or "introduction to combinatorics." But, GFs are also used in automata theory, bio-informatics, differential equations, DSP, number theory, physical chemistry, reliability engineering, stochastic processes, and so on. Students of these courses may not have exposure to discrete mathematics or combinatorics. This book is written in such a way that even those who do not have prior knowledge can easily follow through the chapters, and apply the lessons learned in their respective disciplines. The purpose is to give a broad exposure to commonly used techniques of combinatorial mathematics, highlighting applications in a variety of disciplines.

Download or read book Visualizing Dynamic Systems written by Mojgan M Haghanikar and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is aimed to help instructional designers, science game designers, science faculty, lab designers, and content developers in designing interactive learning experiences using emerging technologies and cyberlearning. The proposed solutions are for undergraduate and graduate scientific communication, engineering courses, scientific research communication, and workforce training. Reviewing across the science education literature reveals various aspects of unresolved challenges or inabilities in the visualization of scientific concepts. Visuospatial thinking is the fundamental part of learning sciences; however, promoting spatial thinking has not been emphasized enough in the educational system (Hegarty, 2014). Cognitive scientists distinguish between the multiple aspects of spatial ability and stresse that various problems or disciplines require different types of spatial skills. For example, the spatial ability to visualize anatomy cross-sections is significantly associated with mental rotation skills. The same is true for physical problems that often deal with spatial representations. However, most of the physics problems are marked by dynamicity, and visualizing dynamicity is inferred by the integrations of different participating components in the system. Therefore, what is needed for learning dynamicity is visualizing the mental animation of static episodes. This book is a leap into designing framework for using mixed reality (XR) technologies and cyberlearning in communicating advanced scientific concepts. The intention is to flesh out the cognitive infrastructure and visuospatial demands of complex systems and compare them in various contexts and disciplines. The practical implementation of emerging technology can be achieved by foreseeing each XR technology’s affordances and mapping those out to the cognitive infrastructure and visuospatial demands of the content under development.

Download or read book Theory of Electromagnetic Beams written by John Lekner and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 165 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theory of electromagnetic beams is presented in a simple and physical way, with all necessary mathematics explained in the text. The topics covered are in free-space classical electrodynamics, but contact is made with quantum theory in proofs that causal beams of various kinds can be viewed as superpositions of photons. This follows from explicit expressions for the energy, momentum and angular momentum per unit length for each type of beam. The properties of beams in the focal region, of special experimental and theoretical interest, are discussed in detail. There are eight chapters: on Fundamentals, Beam-like solutions of the Helmholtz equation, Electromagnetic beams, Polarization, Chirality, Comparison of electromagnetic beams, a chapter on Sound beams and particle beams (to show the similarities to and differences from the vector electromagnetic beams), and a final chapter on Measures of focal extent. Ten Appendices cover mathematical or associated physical topics.

Download or read book Nanotechnology Past and Present written by Deb Newberry and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nanoscience and nanotechnology, the application of the research-based nanoscale science, have changed significantly over the last three and a half decades. The “bucky” ball, 60 carbon atoms arranged like a soccer ball, and an often-used symbol of nanotechnology, was discovered in 1985 and 4 years later scientists at IBM were able to manipulate xenon atoms on a surface. In the intervening years, nanotechnology has evolved from a singly focused research topic to an understanding that infiltrates every aspect of science and engineering disciplines. In addition, nanotechnology, and both naturally occurring and engineered nanomaterials, have become the focus of legal, environmental, and application and regulation disciplines. The first portion of this text serves as an introduction to nanotechnology: the history, mathematical concepts, and instruments required to study and manipulate the world at the atomic scale. The later portion of the text discusses the connectivity of nanotechnology to the more traditional scientific disciplines as well as emerging technologies. This text can serve as an introduction to the nanoscale for science, computer science, and engineering disciplines. It can also provide a valuable foundation for disciplines such as industrial hygiene, architecture, sociology, ethics, and the humanities. There does not exist an educational discipline, market segment, or career avenue which will not be impacted by nanotechnology.

Download or read book An Introduction to Numerical Methods for the Physical Sciences written by Colm T. Whelan and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-31 with total page 148 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is only a very limited number of physical systems that can be exactly described in terms of simple analytic functions. There are, however, a vast range of problems which are amenable to a computational approach. This book provides a concise, self-contained introduction to the basic numerical and analytic techniques, which form the foundations of the algorithms commonly employed to give a quantitative description of systems of genuine physical interest. The methods developed are applied to representative problems from classical and quantum physics.

Download or read book Nanotechnology Lessons from Nature written by Deb Newberry and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-06-01 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As long as humans have existed on the planet, they have looked at the world around them and wondered about much of what they saw. This book covers 21 different phenomena that have been observed in nature and puzzled about for decades.Only recently, with the development of the microscopes and other tools that allow us to study, evaluate, and test these observed phenomena at the molecular and atomic scale, have researchers been able to understand the science behind these observations. From the strength of a marine sponge found at the depths of the oceans, to the insect-hydroplaning surface of the edge of a plant, to the intricacies of the eyes of a moth, nanotechnology has allowed science to define and understand these amazing capabilities. In many cases, this new understanding has been applied to products and applications that benefit humans and the environment. For each of the five ecosystems— the ocean, insects, flora, fauna, and humans—the observations, study and understanding, and applications will be covered. The relationship between the more easily observed macro level and understanding what is found at the nanoscale will also be discussed.