Download or read book Genetics and Life Insurance written by Mark A. Rothstein and published by MIT Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Experts discuss the economic, legal, and social issues surrounding the use of genetic testing in determining eligibility for life insurance. Insurance companies routinely use an individual's medical history and family medical history in determining eligibility for life insurance; this is part of the process of medical underwriting. Insurers have also long used genetic information, often derived from family history, in underwriting. But rapid advances in gene identification and genetic testing are changing the way we look at genetic information. Should the results of genetic testing (which might identify a predisposition toward disease not related to medical history) be available to life insurance medical underwriters? Few if any life insurers currently require genetic testing, but there are no laws or regulations prohibiting its use. Genetics and Life Insurance examines the complex economic, legal, and social issues surrounding the use of genetic information in life insurance underwriting. The contributors are legal scholars, representatives of the life insurance industry (including an actuary and an insurance physician), a geneticist, a genetic counselor, a philosopher, and a consumer advocate. They explore all aspects of an issue that has only recently drawn the attention of policymakers and the public. The book opens with a report on the results of a public opinion poll on genetics and life insurance. Succeeding chapters present the insurer perspective, a discussion of the economics of risk selection in life insurance, background information on the process of underwriting, a scientific analysis of genetic risks and mortality rates, a philosophical discussion of fairness and genetic underwriting, the viewpoints of consumers and genetics counselors, a comparison of different international policy approaches to the issue, and a legal analysis of antitrust implications when insurers collaborate in setting standards for medical underwriting. In the final chapter the editor addresses various policy options, examining the pros and cons of each one and assessing their political feasibility.
Download or read book Assessing Genetic Risks written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.
Download or read book Genetics and Insurance written by FRANCOIS EWALD and published by Taylor & Francis. This book was released on 2023-05-31 with total page 93 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Compiled by a well known and respected team of editors and contributors from interdisciplinary backgrounds, this book has its origins in the Euroscreen project, a research project funded by the European Commission to examine the legal and ethical issues arising from the use of genetic testing and screening since 1990. Contributors from members of a sub-group look at the likely impact of genetic testing on insurance. It will be published at a point when the significant controversy surrounding this issue will have intensified throughout the European Union. Although taking a European perspective, it addresses US issues where there is a strong interest in comparative legislative strategies, taking a themed approach, this book looks comprehensively at the basis issues with an analytical rather than a descriptive approach.
Download or read book Genes and Insurance written by Marcus Radetzki and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2003-11-06 with total page 180 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The result of two key social developments in recent years are examined here: the partial dismantling of the welfare state and the progress of genetics. Genetic insights are increasingly valuable for risk assessment, and insurers would like to use these insights to help determine premiums. Combined with the fact that social welfare is being curtailed, this could potentially create an uninsured high-risk population. Along with considerations of autonomy and privacy, this is the basis for an ethical critique of insurer's access to information. The result has often been regulation of such information; but the authors argues that due to adverse selection, regulation will not solve these problems, and this may jeopardize the survival of private personal insurance. Instead, we should look towards the resurrection of social insurance, a key component of the welfare state. This will interest academic researchers as well as professionals involved with genetics and insurance.
Download or read book Risks in the Making written by Ine van Hoyweghen and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2007 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent decades, insurance companies, scientists, and public officials have debated the potential use of genetic testing in insurance decisions. With Risks in the Making, Ine van Hoyweghen alters the terms of the debate, moving it from abstract, theoretical grounds to the question of how insurance companies actually work. Through an empirical ethnographic study of life insurance in Belgium, van Hoyweghen reveals fascinating and important details about insurance practices and risk management, underscoring the diversity of insurance markets, underwriting practices, and strategies.
Download or read book Brackenridge s Medical Selection of Life Risks written by R.D.C. Brackenridge and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-02-26 with total page 1085 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The fifth edition of this leading reference book on insurance medicine, provides a comprehensive guide to life expectancy for underwriters and clinicians involved in the life insurance industry. Extensively revised and expanded, the new edition reflects developments in life and healthcare insurance as well as medicine.
Download or read book Direct to Consumer Genetic Testing written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2011-01-16 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Today, scores of companies, primarily in the United States and Europe, are offering whole genome scanning services directly to the public. The proliferation of these companies and the services they offer demonstrate a public appetite for this information and where the future of genetics may be headed; they also demonstrate the need for serious discussion about the regulatory environment, patient privacy, and other policy implications of direct-to-consumer (DTC) genetic testing. Rapid advances in genetic research already have begun to transform clinical practice and our understanding of disease progression. Existing research has revealed a genetic basis or component for numerous diseases, including Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, diabetes, heart disease, and several forms of cancer. The availability of the human genome sequence and the HapMap, plummeting costs of high-throughput screening, and increasingly sophisticated computational analyses have led to an explosion of discoveries of linkages between patterns of genetic variation and disease susceptibility. While this research is by no means a straight path toward better public health, improved knowledge of the genetic linkages has the potential to change fundamentally the way health professionals and public health practitioners approach the prevention and treatment of disease. Realizing this potential will require greater sophistication in the interpretation of genetic tests, new training for physicians and other diagnosticians, and new approaches to communicating findings to the public. As this rapidly growing field matures, all of these questions require attention from a variety of perspectives. To discuss some of the foregoing issues, several units of the National Academies held a workshop on August 31 and September 1, 2009, to bring together a still-developing community of professionals from a variety of relevant disciplines, to educate the public and policy-makers about this emerging field, and to identify issues for future study. The meeting featured several invited presentations and discussions on the many technical, legal, policy, and ethical questions that such DTC testing raises, including: (1) overview of the current state of knowledge and the future research trajectory; (2) shared genes and emerging issues in privacy; (3) the regulatory framework; and (4) education of the public and the medical community.
Download or read book Genetics and Insurance written by T. McGleenan and published by Bios Scientific Pub Limited. This book was released on 1999-01-01 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "The use of genetic screening and testing techniques in relation to life and health insurance raises serious legal and ethical issues. Pressure is now mounting for legislative responses to the perceived threats. Genetics and Insurance addresses the issues at the heart of this debate and provides an analytical framework on which to shape policy." "Genetics and Insurance offers practical guidance to geneticists, medical and bio-ethicists, philosophers, insurance company representatives, and policy makers."--BOOK JACKET.Title Summary field provided by Blackwell North America, Inc. All Rights Reserved
Download or read book Genetics and Insurance written by Alexander Morgan Capron and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While the right to privacy is not a single concept, many disparate aspects coalesce in a basic interest all persons have in controlling the direction and content of their lives, the way in which they experience their lives, and the way in which their lives are perceived by others. This interest in self-determination, which serves important social interests, finds strong support in common and constitutional law, subject to limitations imposed in the name of a free press. Obtaining and using information about our genetic make-up implicates the right of privacy both because a deterministic view of the findings from genetic tests may undermine our exercise of self-authorship and because access by others--such as insurance companies--to such data (like access to other medical information) alters how they regard and treat us. While gene testing is unlikely to play a role in most health insurance for practical as well as principled reasons, companies issuing life insurance policies may face competitive pressures to obtain and use the results of the growing number of gene tests. Several states have taken steps to restrict insurers' ability to use genetic information in reviewing applications. It seems justifiable to prevent insurers from mandating that applicants undergo genetic screening (at least on an interim basis, when such data are of dubious actuarial significance and trench so deeply on important individual interests in privacy), but as more validated (that is, nonexperimental) gene tests become available, insurers will need to obtain and use any test results possessed by applicants.
Download or read book Genetic Secrets written by Mark A. Rothstein and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 532 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The dramatic explosion of information brought about by recent advances in genetic research brings welcome scientific knowledge. Yet this new knowledge also raises complex and troubling issues concerning privacy and confidentiality. This thought-provoking book is the first comprehensive exploration of these ethical, legal, and social issues. Distinguished experts in law, medicine, bioethics, public health, science policy, clinical genetics, philosophy, and other fields consider the many contexts in which issues of genetic privacy arise--from research and clinical settings to workplaces, insurance offices, schools, and the courts. The first chapters of this book set out a framework for analyzing genetic privacy and confidentiality, comparing genetic privacy with other forms of medical privacy. Later chapters deal with such topics as concerns that arise in the health care setting (the patient-physician relationship, genetic counseling and privacy); the effect of new technology (the role of commercial genomics, forensic DNA applications); nonmedical uses of genetic information (the law of medical and genetic privacy in the workplace, implications of genetic testing for health and life insurance); and a review of ethics and law in the United States and abroad. In the concluding chapter, Mark A. Rothstein discusses flaws in existing and proposed legislation designed to protect genetic privacy and confidentiality, and he offers a new set of guidelines for policy makers.
Download or read book Consumer Genetic Technologies written by I. Glenn Cohen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2021-09-16 with total page 303 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the ethical, legal, and regulatory challenges presented as genomics become commonplace, easily available consumer products.
Download or read book Protection of Human Genetic Information written by Australia. Law Reform Commission and published by Sydney : Australian Law Reform Commission. This book was released on 2001 with total page 441 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: 13. Law enforcement issues
Download or read book Genetic Testing and the Governance of Risk in the Contemporary Economy written by Lara Khoury and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-10-01 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book addresses emerging questions concerning who should bear responsibility for shouldering risk, as well as the viability of existing and experimental governance mechanisms in connection with new technologies. Scholars from 14 jurisdictions unite their efforts in this edited collection to provide a comparative analysis of how various legal systems are tackling the challenges produced by the legal aspects of genetic testing in insurance and employment. They cover the diverse set of norms that surround this issue, and share insights into relevant international, regional and national incursions into the field. By doing so, the authors offer a basis for comparative reflection, including on whether transnational standard setting might be useful or necessary for the legal aspects of genetic testing as they relate to the insurance and employment contexts. The respective texts cover a broad range of topics, including the prevalence of genetic testing in the contexts of insurance and employment, and policy factors that might affect this prevalence, such as the design of national health or social insurance systems, of private insurance schemes or the availability of low-cost direct-to-consumer genetic testing. Further, the field of genetics is gaining in importance at the international and regional levels. Relevant concepts – mainly genetic tests and genetic data/information – have been internationally defined, and these definitions have influenced definitions adopted nationally. International law also recognizes a “special status” for human genetic data. The authors therefore also consider these definitions and the recognition of the special status of human genetic data within regional and national legal orders. They investigate the range of norms that specifically address the use of genetic testing in employment and insurance, encompassing international sources – including human rights norms – that may be binding or non-binding, as well national statutory, regulatory and soft-law mechanisms. Accordingly, some of the texts examine general frameworks relevant to genetic testing in each country, including those that stem from general anti-discrimination rules and norms protecting rights to autonomy, self-determination, confidentiality and privacy. In closing, the authors provide an overview of the efficiency of their respective legal regimes’ approaches – specific and generalist – to genetic testing or disclosure of genetic information in the employment or insurance contexts, including the effect of lack of legal guidance. In this regard, some of the authors highlight the need for transnational action in the field and make recommendation for future legal developments.
Download or read book Environmental Epigenetics written by L. Joseph Su and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-05-18 with total page 327 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book examines the toxicological and health implications of environmental epigenetics and provides knowledge through an interdisciplinary approach. Included in this volume are chapters outlining various environmental risk factors such as phthalates and dietary components, life states such as pregnancy and ageing, hormonal and metabolic considerations and specific disease risks such as cancer cardiovascular diseases and other non-communicable diseases. Environmental Epigenetics imparts integrative knowledge of the science of epigenetics and the issues raised in environmental epidemiology. This book is intended to serve both as a reference compendium on environmental epigenetics for scientists in academia, industry and laboratories and as a textbook for graduate level environmental health courses. Environmental Epigenetics imparts integrative knowledge of the science of epigenetics and the issues raised in environmental epidemiology. This book is intended to serve both as a reference compendium on environmental epigenetics for scientists in academia, industry and laboratories and as a textbook for graduate level environmental health courses.
Download or read book The Lives to Come written by Philip Kitcher and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 1997-08-04 with total page 402 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: ect, Philip Kitcher takes readers into the heart of the revolution in genetic research today and raises important philosophical questions about its impact on ethical, legal, and political issues, now and in the future.
Download or read book How to Practice Academic Medicine and Publish from Developing Countries written by Samiran Nundy and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-10-23 with total page 475 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is an open access book. The book provides an overview of the state of research in developing countries – Africa, Latin America, and Asia (especially India) and why research and publications are important in these regions. It addresses budding but struggling academics in low and middle-income countries. It is written mainly by senior colleagues who have experienced and recognized the challenges with design, documentation, and publication of health research in the developing world. The book includes short chapters providing insight into planning research at the undergraduate or postgraduate level, issues related to research ethics, and conduct of clinical trials. It also serves as a guide towards establishing a research question and research methodology. It covers important concepts such as writing a paper, the submission process, dealing with rejection and revisions, and covers additional topics such as planning lectures and presentations. The book will be useful for graduates, postgraduates, teachers as well as physicians and practitioners all over the developing world who are interested in academic medicine and wish to do medical research.
Download or read book Decision of the Genetics and Insurance Committee GAIC Concerning the Application for Approval to Use Genetic Test Results for Life Insurance Risk Assessment in Huntington s Disease written by Great Britain. Genetics and Insurance Committee and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 10 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
