Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Forage Characters Using Variety Cross Diallel in Maize Zea Mays L written by Devinder Pal Singh and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Evaluation of Some Varieties of Forage Maize Zea Mays L written by Rakesh Kumar and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study was undertaken to observe the range of variability for different fodder traits and to estimate heritability and genetic advance for individual character along with some fodder altributes at genotypic and phenotypic levels. The sesults indicated that variety south African comporite showed superior performance in green yield and crude protein yield perplant where as variety vijay composite was superior with respect to number of cofs per plant and dry matter yield per plant. Genotypic sona recon exhibited maximum leaf breadth but was poor in other characters. Plant height resulted in highest heritability and genetic advance and green yield and dry matter yield found to be significantly positively correlated with plant height stem diameteve leaf number and leaf wight. All the leaf characters, stem diameter, weight of cobs and crude protein yield showed direct contribution to forage yield composite and vijaya composite were excellent in most of the forage traits.
Download or read book Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding written by Arnel R. Hallauer and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-28 with total page 669 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maize is used in an endless list of products that are directly or indirectly related to human nutrition and food security. Maize is grown in producer farms, farmers depend on genetically improved cultivars, and maize breeders develop improved maize cultivars for farmers. Nikolai I. Vavilov defined plant breeding as plant evolution directed by man. Among crops, maize is one of the most successful examples for breeder-directed evolution. Maize is a cross-pollinated species with unique and separate male and female organs allowing techniques from both self and cross-pollinated crops to be utilized. As a consequence, a diverse set of breeding methods can be utilized for the development of various maize cultivar types for all economic conditions (e.g., improved populations, inbred lines, and their hybrids for different types of markets). Maize breeding is the science of maize cultivar development. Public investment in maize breeding from 1865 to 1996 was $3 billion (Crosbie et al., 2004) and the return on investment was $260 billion as a consequence of applied maize breeding, even without full understanding of the genetic basis of heterosis. The principles of quantitative genetics have been successfully applied by maize breeders worldwide to adapt and improve germplasm sources of cultivars for very simple traits (e.g. maize flowering) and very complex ones (e.g., grain yield). For instance, genomic efforts have isolated early-maturing genes and QTL for potential MAS but very simple and low cost phenotypic efforts have caused significant and fast genetic progress across genotypes moving elite tropical and late temperate maize northward with minimal investment. Quantitative genetics has allowed the integration of pre-breeding with cultivar development by characterizing populations genetically, adapting them to places never thought of (e.g., tropical to short-seasons), improving them by all sorts of intra- and inter-population recurrent selection methods, extracting lines with more probability of success, and exploiting inbreeding and heterosis. Quantitative genetics in maize breeding has improved the odds of developing outstanding maize cultivars from genetically broad based improved populations such as B73. The inbred-hybrid concept in maize was a public sector invention 100 years ago and it is still considered one of the greatest achievements in plant breeding. Maize hybrids grown by farmers today are still produced following this methodology and there is still no limit to genetic improvement when most genes are targeted in the breeding process. Heterotic effects are unique for each hybrid and exotic genetic materials (e.g., tropical, early maturing) carry useful alleles for complex traits not present in the B73 genome just sequenced while increasing the genetic diversity of U.S. hybrids. Breeding programs based on classical quantitative genetics and selection methods will be the basis for proving theoretical approaches on breeding plans based on molecular markers. Mating designs still offer large sample sizes when compared to QTL approaches and there is still a need to successful integration of these methods. There is a need to increase the genetic diversity of maize hybrids available in the market (e.g., there is a need to increase the number of early maturing testers in the northern U.S.). Public programs can still develop new and genetically diverse products not available in industry. However, public U.S. maize breeding programs have either been discontinued or are eroding because of decreasing state and federal funding toward basic science. Future significant genetic gains in maize are dependent on the incorporation of useful and unique genetic diversity not available in industry (e.g., NDSU EarlyGEM lines). The integration of pre-breeding methods with cultivar development should enhance future breeding efforts to maintain active public breeding programs not only adapting and improving genetically broad-based germplasm but also developing unique products and training the next generation of maize breeders producing research dissertations directly linked to breeding programs. This is especially important in areas where commercial hybrids are not locally bred. More than ever public and private institutions are encouraged to cooperate in order to share breeding rights, research goals, winter nurseries, managed stress environments, and latest technology for the benefit of producing the best possible hybrids for farmers with the least cost. We have the opportunity to link both classical and modern technology for the benefit of breeding in close cooperation with industry without the need for investing in academic labs and time (e.g., industry labs take a week vs months/years in academic labs for the same work). This volume, as part of the Handbook of Plant Breeding series, aims to increase awareness of the relative value and impact of maize breeding for food, feed, and fuel security. Without breeding programs continuously developing improved germplasm, no technology can develop improved cultivars. Quantitative Genetics in Maize Breeding presents principles and data that can be applied to maximize genetic improvement of germplasm and develop superior genotypes in different crops. The topics included should be of interest of graduate students and breeders conducting research not only on breeding and selection methods but also developing pure lines and hybrid cultivars in crop species. This volume is a unique and permanent contribution to breeders, geneticists, students, policy makers, and land-grant institutions still promoting quality research in applied plant breeding as opposed to promoting grant monies and indirect costs at any short-term cost. The book is dedicated to those who envision the development of the next generation of cultivars with less need of water and inputs, with better nutrition; and with higher percentages of exotic germplasm as well as those that pursue independent research goals before searching for funding. Scientists are encouraged to use all possible breeding methodologies available (e.g., transgenics, classical breeding, MAS, and all possible combinations could be used with specific sound long and short-term goals on mind) once germplasm is chosen making wise decisions with proven and scientifically sound technologies for assisting current breeding efforts depending on the particular trait under selection. Arnel R. Hallauer is C. F. Curtiss Distinguished Professor in Agriculture (Emeritus) at Iowa State University (ISU). Dr. Hallauer has led maize-breeding research for mid-season maturity at ISU since 1958. His work has had a worldwide impact on plant-breeding programs, industry, and students and was named a member of the National Academy of Sciences. Hallauer is a native of Kansas, USA. José B. Miranda Filho is full-professor in the Department of Genetics, Escola Superior de Agricultura Luiz de Queiroz - University of São Paulo located at Piracicaba, Brazil. His research interests have emphasized development of quantitative genetic theory and its application to maize breeding. Miranda Filho is native of Pirassununga, São Paulo, Brazil. M.J. Carena is professor of plant sciences at North Dakota State University (NDSU). Dr. Carena has led maize-breeding research for short-season maturity at NDSU since 1999. This program is currently one the of the few public U.S. programs left integrating pre-breeding with cultivar development and training in applied maize breeding. He teaches Quantitative Genetics and Crop Breeding Techniques at NDSU. Carena is a native of Buenos Aires, Argentina. http://www.ag.ndsu.nodak.edu/plantsci/faculty/Carena.htm
Download or read book Quantitative Genetic Analyses of Diallel Cross Experiments Involving Elite South African White Modified Opaque 2 Maize Zea Mays L Inbred Lines written by Trevor Hohls and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Agrindex written by and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 1006 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Studies on Genetic Variability of Quantitative Characters Contributing to Forage Yield in Maize Zea Mays L written by Achutha Kumar and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Variety L decoded as EH 2380 was found to be the superior variety with respect to forage yield per plant and other component characters followed by variety E decoded as localvariety. weight of leables, forage yield per plant and weight of cob gave the highest coefficient of variation, heritability estimate and genetic advance. Leaf length, leafnumber leaf breath and plant height had the highest. correlation with forage yield per plant both at genotypic and phenotypic level. Leaf length and weightof cob had the maximum contribution to forage yield per plant.
Download or read book Estimation Of Genetic Parameters In Maize written by F. M. Ali Haydar and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-06-10 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The present study was carried out to obtain information about the performance of maize inbred lines, genetic diversity, gene action and assessment of the combining ability of parental lines and their F1s by using diallel fashion. Cob length, number of kernels/row and no. of grains/cob could be the important selection criteria in the improvement of maize lines and hybrids for higher grain yield. The average inter-cluster was always higher than the average intra-cluster distance suggesting wider genetic diversity among the inbred lines of the groups. From Wr-Vr graph it has been noticed that expression of dominant and recessive alleles in the parents was influenced by environment as the same parent showed different positions on graphs. From this study, it is concluded that parents with recessive and dominant genes can also contribute towards high yield. Only 5 crosses had higher grain yield. Of these crosses, P1xP2, P2xP5, P4xP5 and P5xP6 were considered promising hybrids and will be tested in yield trials for further evaluation.
Download or read book Genetics Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 554 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Variability and Character Association in Forage Maize zea Mays L written by G. Mallikarjun and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis for Quantitative Traits Strach and Oil in Single Cross Hybrids of Maize zea Mays L written by SHRIKANTH S. G and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 1732 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Diallel Analysis of Crosses of Maize Zea Mays L with Opaque 2 Endosperm written by Chabolu Sreeramulu and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 136 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Indian Science Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 1270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Genetic Analysis of Yield and Other Characters in Heterozygous Populations of Maize Zea Mays L written by B. S. Dhillon and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book American Doctoral Dissertations written by and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 574 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bibliography of Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 1742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
