Download or read book Regulation of Gastrointestinal Mucosal Growth written by Rao N. Jaladanki and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2016-11-30 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The mammalian gastrointestinal mucosa is a rapidly self-renewing tissue in the body, and its homeostasis is preserved through the strict regulation of epithelial cell proliferation, growth arrest, and apoptosis. The control of the growth of gastrointestinal mucosa is unique and, compared with most other tissue in the body, complex. Mucosal growth is regulated by the same hormones that alter metabolism in other tissues, but the gastrointestinal mucosa also responds to host events triggered by the ingestion and presence of food within the digestive tract. These gut hormones and peptides regulate the growth of the exocrine pancreas, gallbladder epithelium, and the mucosa of the oxyntic gland region of the stomach and the small and large intestines. Luminal factors, including nutrients or other dietary factors, secretions, and microbes that occur within the lumen and distribute over a proximal-to-distal gradient, are also crucial for maintenance of normal gut mucosal regeneration and could explain the villous-height-crypt-depth gradient and variety of adaptation, since these factors are diluted, absorbed, and destroyed as they pass down the digestive tract. Recently, intestinal stem cells, cellular polyamines, and noncoding RNAs are shown to play an important role in the regulation of gastrointestinal mucosal growth under physiological and various pathological conditions. In this book, we highlight key issues and factors that control gastrointestinal mucosal growth and homeostasis, with special emphasis on the mechanisms through which epithelial renewal and apoptosis are regulated at the cellular and molecular levels.

Download or read book The Gastrointestinal Circulation written by Peter R. Kvietys and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2010 with total page 127 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The microcirculation of the gastrointestinal tract is under the control of both myogenic and metabolic regulatory systems. The myogenic mechanism contributes to basal vascular tone and the regulation of transmural pressure, while the metabolic mechanism is responsible for maintaining an appropriate balance between O2 demand and O2 delivery. In the postprandial state, hydrolytic products of food digestion elicit a hyperemia, which serves to meet the increased O2 demand of nutrient assimilation. Metabolically linked factors (e.g., tissue pO2, adenosine) are primarily responsible for this functional hyperemia. The fenestrated capillaries of the gastrointestinal mucosa are relatively permeable to small hydrolytic products of food digestion (e.g., glucose), yet restrict the transcapillary movement of larger molecules (e.g., albumin). This allows for the absorption of hydrolytic products of food digestion without compromising the oncotic pressure gradient governing transcapillary fluid movement and edema formation. The gastrointestinal microcirculation is also an important component of the mucosal defense system whose function is to prevent (and rapidly repair) inadvertent epithelial injury by potentially noxious constituents of chyme. Two pathological conditions in which the gastrointestinal circulation plays an important role are ischemia/reperfusion and chronic portal hypertension. Ischemia/reperfusion results in mucosal edema and disruption of the epithelium due, in part, to an inflammatory response (e.g., increase in capillary permeability to macromolecules and neutrophil infiltration). Chronic portal hypertension results in an increase in gastrointestinal blood flow due to an imbalance in vasodilator and vasoconstrictor influences on the microcirculation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Anatomy / Regulation of Vascular Tone and Oxygenation / Extrinsic Vasoregulation: Neural and Humoral / Postprandial Hyperemia / Transcapillary Solute Exchange / Transcapillary Fluid Exchange / Interaction of Capillary and Interstitial Forces / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Defense / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology I: Ischemia/Reperfusion / Gastrointestinal Circulation and Mucosal Pathology II: Chronic Portal Hypertension / Summary and Conclusions / References / Author Biography

Download or read book Gastritis and Gastric Cancer written by Paola Tonino and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 310 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a comprehensive overview of invited contributions on Helicobacter pylori infection in gastritis and gastric carcinogenesis. The first part of the book covers topics related to the pathophysiology of gastric mucosal defense system and gastritis including the gastroprotective function of the mucus, the capsaicin-sensitive afferent nerves and the oxidative stress pathway involved in inflammation, apoptosis and autophagy in H. pylori related gastritis. The next chapters deal with molecular pathogenesis and treatment, which consider the role of neuroendocrine cells in gastric disease, DNA methylation in H. pylori infection, the role of antioxidants and phytotherapy in gastric disease. The final part presents the effects of cancer risk factors associated with H. pylori infection. These chapters discuss the serum pepsinogen test, K-ras mutations, cell kinetics, and H. pylori lipopolysaccharide, as well as the roles of several bacterial genes (cagA, cagT, vacA and dupA) as virulence factors in gastric cancer, and the gastrokine-1 protein in cancer progression.

Download or read book Healthy Stomach Initiative written by P. Malfertheiner and published by S. Karger AG (Switzerland). This book was released on 2014-04-17 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This special topic issue of 'Digestive Diseases' contains contributions discussing the subject in-depth. 'Digestive Diseases' is a well-respected, international peer-reviewed journal in Gastroenterology. Special topic issues are included in the subscription.

Download or read book Defining Physiology Principles Themes Concepts Volume 2 written by Hwee Ming Cheng and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-01-12 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second volume of Defining Physiology: Principles, Themes, Concepts. continues on the same format as the first. In this new release, a selection of 44 essential topics in each major organ system is defined, then major themes, concept and principles surrounding these words in their physiologic scenarios are elaborated. For each keyword, a question is posed at the end of the text to test for a better understanding of the associated physiology of nervous and gastrointestinal systems. This book presents an easy reference guide for those just starting out in the area of physiology and for those who are interested in clear and succinct definitions of key terms.

Download or read book Biopsy Interpretation of the Gastrointestinal Tract Mucosa written by Elizabeth A. Montgomery and published by Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. This book was released on 2012 with total page 347 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gastrointestinal mucosal biopsies are an active part of the pathologist's day and have increased in the past few years as endoscopic screening has become more commonplace. This new full-color Second Edition of Biopsy Interpretation of the Gastrointestinal Tract Mucosa has been expanded into two concise, comprehensive volumes to offer more complete coverage of both non-neoplastic and neoplastic entities. Like the other books in the Biopsy Interpretation Series, these volumes are practical references for pathologists to use when making diagnostic decisions based on biopsy specimens. Volume 2 of this Second Edition focuses on interpretation of neoplastic gastrointestinal mucosal biopsies. Coverage is geared to daily practice and includes mucosal biopsies from the esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, and anus. A companion website will include all of the 300 print illustrations plus an additional 750 e-figures. Volume 1 focuses on non-neoplastic biopsies and published in November 2011.

Download or read book Janeway s Immunobiology written by Kenneth Murphy and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2010-06-22 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Janeway's Immunobiology CD-ROM, Immunobiology Interactive, is included with each book, and can be purchased separately. It contains animations and videos with voiceover narration, as well as the figures from the text for presentation purposes.

Download or read book Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease written by Ronald Ross Watson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-10-22 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Bioactive Food as Dietary Interventions for Liver and Gastrointestinal Disease provides valuable insights for those seeking nutritional treatment options for those suffering from liver and/or related gastrointestinal disease including Crohn's, allergies, and colitis among others. Information is presented on a variety of foods including herbs, fruits, soy and olive oil. This book serves as a valuable resource for researchers in nutrition, nephrology, and gastroenterology. - Addresses the most positive results from dietary interventions using bioactive foods to impact diseases of the liver and gastrointestinal system, including reduction of inflammation, improved function, and nutritional efficiency - Presents a wide range of liver and gastrointestinal diseases and provides important information for additional research - Associated information can be used to understand other diseases, which share common etiological pathways

Download or read book Neuroendocrinology of Gastrointestinal Ulceration written by Sandor Szabo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of a meeting held in Esterel, Quebec, Canada, September 13-15, 1989.

Download or read book Equine Acute Abdomen written by Nathaniel A. White and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2009-10-31 with total page 772 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title allows users to effectively diagnose and treat any acute disease of the stomach, intestines, peritoneum, liver, and abdominal wall. Its authorship includes over 20 internationally recognized experts that provide critical information needed by practitioners for management of abdominal diseases. This informative resource provides a thorough discussion of normal and abnormal anatomy and physiology. Surgical techniques are broken down into an easy-to-read step-by-step format. This highly visual presentation, with over 410 illustrations, is a necessary edition to an equine practitioner’s library. Published by Teton New Media in the USA and distributed by Manson Publishing outside of North America.

Download or read book Interpretation of Endoscopic Biopsy Gastritis Gastropathies and Beyond written by Kim Vaiphei and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-12-04 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book covers all aspects of endoscopic biopsies of the stomach inclusive of gastritis and gastropathies. It highlights the best way of handling of endoscopic biopsies in the endoscopic room by the gastroenterologist. It elucidates various steps involved in processing of the biopsy, tissue embedding and paraffin sectioning, approach to interpretation, various precautions that require to be taken while interpreting the biopsies, and the essential background knowledge of the interpreter. The book highlights the importance of the little things for a proper reading like matching of the tissue fragments received and the number of tissue present on a slide after the paraffin section. Chapters cover various forms of gastritis, and the easiest approach for daily routine by avoiding the cumbersome classifications and staging formulated for gastritis. It also discusses the utilization of the right nomenclature for acute and chronic gastritis and various other subtypes of gastritis. Chapters include various rarer and infrequently come across conditions of both acute and chronic gastritis, special form of gastritis and infective conditions. It also includes unusual forms of non-neoplastic gastric pathologies such as, a condition, where the gastric mucosa is affected not only by direct exposure to various irritants but may also be affected by many systemic diseases. It also highlights the frequently observed changes in chronic renal and liver failures. The book is targeted to all the practicing pathologists as well as graduate and post graduate students who are keen to learn about non-neoplastic gastric pathology at various levels.

Download or read book Canine and Feline Gastroenterology written by Robert J. Washabau and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2012-04-27 with total page 1017 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive reference standard for the discipline, Canine and Feline Gastroenterology covers the biology, pathobiology, and diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and hepatobiliary systems. An international team of experts, including 85 authors from 17 different countries, led by Robert Washabau and Michael Day, covers everything from minor problems such as adverse food reactions to debilitating inflammatory, infectious, metabolic, and neoplastic diseases of the digestive system. This authoritative text utilizes an evidence-based approach to reflect the latest science and research, complemented by principles of problem solving, algorithms to improve clinical diagnoses, and extensive full-color illustrations. For generalists and specialists alike, this gastroenterology reference should be part of every serious practitioner's professional library. - A comprehensive, 928-page reference standard covers the discipline of canine and feline gastroenterology. - An international focus is provided by 85 authors from 17 different countries, including renowned experts in veterinary gastroenterology, internal medicine, pathology, clinical pathology, radiology, and infectious disease. - Coverage of the entire breadth and depth of gastroenterology ranges from biology to pathobiology, as well as diagnosis and treatment of diseases of the gastrointestinal, pancreatic, and hepatobiliary systems. - Current information on GI microflora, immunology, cellular growth, and systems integration provides a foundation for treating clinical problems. - Coverage of diseases in dogs and cats includes the oral cavity, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, colon, anorectum, liver and biliary tract, exocrine pancreas, peritoneum, and associated vasculature. - A focus on patient management examines the full range of procedures and techniques essential to diagnosis and treatment from clinical signs and diagnosis to nutritional support and pharmacologic management of disease. - Clear explanations of current diagnostic modalities include laboratory tests, molecular methods, diagnostic imaging, endoscopy, and histopathology, also showing how to interpret and utilize results. - A strong clinical approach emphasizes need-to-know information for managing the common and not-so-common G.I. clinical problems of everyday practice. - Full-color photographs and illustrations depict concepts, conditions, and procedures. - An evidence-based medicine perspective reflects the latest research as well as the modern practice of veterinary medicine. - Logical, coherent, and consistent internal organization makes this a reader-friendly edition. - Problem-based algorithms help in diagnosing every G.I. clinical problem from A to Z. - A stand-alone section on the pharmacologic approach to G.I. disease offers quick and easy drug reference.

Download or read book Gastrointestinal Tissue written by Jordi Gracia-Sancho and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-05-10 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Gastrointestinal Tissue: Oxidative Stress and Dietary Antioxidants brings together leading experts from world renowned institutions, combining the basic mechanisms of gastrointestinal diseases with information regarding new and alternative treatments. The processes within the science of oxidative stress are described in concert with other processes, including apoptosis, cell signaling and receptor mediated responses, further recognizing that diseases are often multifactorial with oxidative stress as a component. By combining the critical molecular processes underlying free radical mediated pathologies and the role of dietary antioxidant molecules, a connection is made that helps advance therapies and the prevention of gastrointestinal pathological processes. This important reference is well designed with two complementary sections. Section One, Oxidative Stress and Gastroenterology, covers the basic processes of oxidative stress from molecular biology to whole organs, the gastrointestinal anatomy and sources of oxidative stress and free radicals and their products in gastrointestinal diseases. Section Two, Antioxidants and Gastroenterology covers antioxidants in foods, including plants and components. - Covers the science of oxidative stress in gastrointestinal tissue and associated conditions and scenarios - Provides information on optimal levels for human consumption of antioxidants, suggested requirements per day, recommended dietary allowances and curative/preventive effects of dietary antioxidants - Presents an easy to reference guide with two complementary sections that discuss the pathophysiology of gastrointestinal diseases in relation to oxidative stress and antioxidant therapies

Download or read book Atlas of Esophagus and Stomach Pathology written by Scott R. Owens and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-09-06 with total page 191 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Atlas of Esophagus and Stomach Pathology provides an image-based resource for those studying normal histology of the upper gastrointestinal tract, as well as the microscopic manifestations of developmental abnormalities, toxic insults, infectious diseases, inflammatory and autoimmune conditions, and neoplasia in the esophagus and stomach. Because modern gastrointestinal pathology practice centers on specimens obtained during endoscopic examination, the atlas focuses on biopsy pathology, providing “real-world” microscopic images and ancillary diagnostic studies for most commonly-encountered abnormalities and diseases affecting these two organs. The book is supplemented with endoscopic and special study images. Authored by nationally and internationally recognized pathologists, Atlas of Esophagus and Stomach Pathology is a valuable tool for both pathologists-in-training seeking to make “new acquaintances”, and practicing surgical pathologists in need of a quick visual reference in recalling “old friends” in the world of diagnostic gastrointestinal pathology.

Download or read book Gastrointestinal Pathology written by Gregory Y. Lauwers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2021-04-22 with total page 837 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An illustrated guide to best practices when performing and assessing biopsies for GI conditions of all kinds Accurate diagnosis of GI conditions necessarily entails both the careful taking of biopsies and the informed analysis of tissue material. With that being so, gastroenterologists and GI pathologists alike must have a solid understanding of the techniques, handling requirements, and diagnostic characteristics involved if they are to collaborate effectively. Gastrointestinal Pathology has been designed to provide a clinically focussed and richly illustrated guide to real-world scenarios faced by practicing GI specialists, offering step-by-step instruction and professional advice on the correct diagnosis of all major GI conditions. This essential new book includes: Full-color illustrations throughout Complete details of biopsy samples required to diagnose specific conditions Reviews of differential diagnoses Clinical management clues based on pathologic findings Featuring information to improve the practice of all gastroenterologists and GI pathologists, Gastrointestinal Pathology is a practical and every-day resource for the precise diagnosis of a wide range of GI conditions.

Download or read book Gastroenterological Endoscopy written by Michael B. Wallace and published by Thieme. This book was released on 2018-01-24 with total page 1091 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Praise for the previous edition: "Extraordinary achievement … this volume stands on its own as a marvelous feat in bringing such a vast array of clear and coherent instruction to endoscopists at all skill levels."—Gastroenterology Written and edited by internationally renowned specialists, the third edition of Gastroenterological Endoscopy covers the entire spectrum of diagnostic and therapeutic procedures for the upper and lower GI tract while providing the latest overview of GI disorders. A great wealth of high-resolution photographs provides the visual information needed to confidently assess and diagnose mucosal lesions of the entire digestive tract. Significant advances in the field—both medical and technical—since the last edition are covered in comprehensive detail. Key Features: New panel of top international editors, continuing the tradition of excellence, depth, and breadth as originated by founding editors Classen, Tytgat, and Lightdale; list of contributing authors is a "who's who" of GI endoscopy Coverage of newest, advanced tools and techniques: gastric-POEMS, submucosal tunnel endoscopic resection (STER), lumen-apposing metal stents, "over-the-scope" clips, and much more More than 1,500 exquisite images Gastroenterological Endoscopy, third edition, surely deserves a prominent place in any complete endoscopy reference collection. Michael B. Wallace, MD, is Professor of Medicine at the Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, Florida, USA Paul Fockens, MD, is Professor and Chair of the Dept. of Gastroenterology and Hepatology at the Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Joseph Jao-Yiu Sung, MD, PhD, is Mok Hing Yiu Professor of Medicine and Director of the Institute of Digestive Diseases of The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong An award-winning international medical and scientific publisher, Thieme has demonstrated its commitment to the highest standard of quality in the state-of-the-art content and presentation of all its products. Founded in 1886, the Thieme name has become synonymous with high quality and excellence in online and print publishing.

Download or read book Target Volume Delineation for Conformal and Intensity Modulated Radiation Therapy written by Nancy Y. Lee and published by Springer. This book was released on 2014-12-08 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This textbook is designed to help the busy radiation oncologist to accurately and confidently delineate tumor volumes for conformal radiation therapy (including IMRT). The book provides an atlas of clinical target volumes (CTVs) for commonly encountered cancers, with each chapter illustrating CTV delineation on a slice-by-slice basis, on planning CT images. Common anatomic variants for each tumor are represented in individual illustrations, with annotations highlighting differences in coverage. The anatomy of each site and patterns of lymphatic drainage are discussed, and their influence on the design of CTVs is explained in detail. Utilization of other imaging modalities, including MRI, to delineate volumes is highlighted. Key details of simulation and planning are briefly reviewed. Although the emphasis is on target volume delineation for conformal techniques, information is also provided on conventional radiation field setup and design when IMRT is not suitable.