EBookClubs

Read Books & Download eBooks Full Online

EBookClubs

Read Books & Download eBooks Full Online

Book Gag Reflections

Download or read book Gag Reflections written by Dara Lovitz and published by McFarland. This book was released on 2021-02-10 with total page 201 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emetophobia--the disproportionate fear of vomiting or being in the presence of someone vomiting--affects millions of people yet is seldom discussed. Part-memoir, part clinical history, Dara Lovitz provides a brutally honest account of her life as an emetophobe. Written with her therapist, Dr. David Yusko, her story unravels the mystery of emetophobia. Lovitz spent years trying traditional talk therapy and self-help books yet nothing seemed to reduce her anxiety. In desperation, she tried exposure therapy. With a therapist's guidance, she was able to overcome emetophobia. The history of exposure therapy for treating emetophobes is covered.

Book Reflective Reflections

    Book Details:
  • Author : Katy Sara Culling
  • Publisher : Chipmunkapublishing ltd
  • Release : 2011-06-01
  • ISBN : 1849911606
  • Pages : 96 pages

Download or read book Reflective Reflections written by Katy Sara Culling and published by Chipmunkapublishing ltd. This book was released on 2011-06-01 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Description Reflective Reflections is the quintessential up-to-date book on ALL eating disorders, written from the perspective of a recovered sufferer, therefore especially about anorexia and bulimia, but not forgetting about other eating disorders out there. Written from personal experience and extensive research, and for the first time tackling the dangers of the Internet. This book considers the factors that might predispose someone to an eating disorder, what are the many and main causes of different eating disorders, and the factors that trap people within these horrific illnesses that trick your mind. Eating disorders bring disarray to both the life of the sufferer and to those people around who love them. Eating disorders are nasty, they fight dirty, but they can be beaten, and I, the author am proof of that after 15 years of anorexia and bulimia myself. But never forget, eating disorders kill. They kill young people. Indiscriminately. Killing without warning, and quickly. I have lost a few friends to eating disorders, I close my eyes and my heart misses a beat because they were so young, so deserving of life, as deserving of life as me and yet here I am and they are gone. I see friends still living within its grasp year after year and I feel sad for them - and an ill part of me feels jealous. I see others who have partly recovered, and some who are back to "normal." This book will answer all your questions on eating disorders in a comprehensive but friendly manner, and I hope it helps you be you a sufferer, carer, or medical professional. About the Author Katy Sara Culling was born in Liverpool, North England, in January 1975, sharing her birth date rather aptly with Virginia Woolf. Daughter of Sue and Paul Culling, her family moved back to its roots in Derbyshire, where she grew up along with her younger sister Beth, in the village of Castle Donington, on the Derbyshire-Leicestershire border. However, even as young as 5 she exhibited symptoms of bipolar disorder. She attended a private school for girls, Loughborough High School, where she was a high achieving student. Unfortunately, due to bullying and also to numb her mania and depression, she developed anorexia nervosa and began to self-harm. Katy Sara then went to The University of Nottingham, where she studied Biochemistry and Nutrition. She did her (1st class) thesis on alcohol and metabolism, interested in the psychology of Alcoholism. All this was done despite considerable illness including over 60 suicide attempts and purging-type anorexia - and yet more bullying. Her good work at Nottingham lead to an offer of a place at The University of Oxford, where she studied for a PhD (DPhil) in Clinical Medicine. In her final year she became so ill with anorexia that she was in hospital (first as a day patient, then an inpatient, and eventually a sectioned inpatient). During those two years she attempted suicide over 300 times, dying twice, only to be revived. She finally, at the age of 28 got a diagnosis of bipolar disorder and the correct medication, and had been mostly fine ever since. Her eating disorder spontaneously recovered. She later wrote up her PhD thesis and published her results. Now Katy Sara is mostly well and has become a writer, wanting to prevent others from suffering as she did. She writes mainly about bipolar disorder and anorexia but also other psychiatry/mental health topics, and her first anorexia/bipolar memoir Dark Clouds Gather (autobiographical) was published by Chipmunkapublishing. Her second book, Too Good For This World, a collection of stories from people with bipolar disorder and major depression is also available, including people with eating disorders. Katy Sara also spends her time working in medical research, and helping fellow survivors of anorexia, bulimia and bipolar disorder through charitable organisations whilst trying to maintain her own good mental health. She is an advocate for all survivors of these illnesses

Book Zoom Gastroscopy

    Book Details:
  • Author : Kenshi Yao
  • Publisher : Springer Science & Business Media
  • Release : 2013-11-12
  • ISBN : 4431542078
  • Pages : 225 pages

Download or read book Zoom Gastroscopy written by Kenshi Yao and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-11-12 with total page 225 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since magnifying endoscopy of the stomach, or zoom gastroscopy, was first performed at the beginning of the 21st century , there have been numerous findings in the field worldwide. The author of this volume has developed a standardized magnifying endoscopy technique that enables endoscopists to constantly visualize the microanatomy (subepithelial capillaries and the epithelial structure) within the stomach. With this technology, it has become easy to obtain magnified endoscopic findings. Techniques differ, however, depending upon the endoscopist. Endoscopists around the world do not have a standardized magnifying endoscopy technique, which is mandatory for the scientific analysis of their findings. In addition, there is no logical explanation for how and which microanatomies are visualized by magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging in the glandular epithelium of the stomach. This inconsistency results in considerable confusion among researchers and clinicians and a lack of terminology for the purposes of analysis. As magnifying endoscopy with narrow-band imaging (NBI) becomes more popular throughout the world, there is increased demand for a specialized reference book focused on this subject. The aims of the present volume, Zoom Gastroscopy: Magnifying Endoscopy in the Stomach, are manifold: (1) to illustrate the standard magnifying endoscopic technique that can visualize subepithelial mucosal microvessels as small as capillaries, the smallest unit of blood vessels in the human body, (2) to explain the optical phenomena and principles for NBI and its application to magnifying endoscopy, (3) to clarify which microanatomies are visualized by magnifying endoscopy with NBI and how this is achieved, and (4) to present a diagnostic system so called “VS classification system” for early gastric neoplasias. With a single author, the book consistently uses uniform anatomical terms to describe endoscopic findings, providing an essential reference for endoscopists in the world.

Book Black s Medical Surgical Nursing  First South Asia Edition

Download or read book Black s Medical Surgical Nursing First South Asia Edition written by Malarvizhi S. and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2019-04-15 with total page 2458 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: - Content revised, updated, and adapted to suit the South Asian curricula - A new chapter added on Geriatric Nursing, in line with the curriculum prescribed by the Indian Nursing Council - Statistics, health programs, and nursing practice guidelines updated for regional adaptation - Review questions added to all the units within the book - Digital resources available on MedEnact: Instructor Resources 1. Image collection 2. Instructor's manual 3. PowerPoint presentations Student Resources 1. Case studies 2. Critical thinking questions 3. Guides to clinical pathways 4. Client education guides

Book Defining Death

    Book Details:
  • Author : Robert M. Veatch
  • Publisher : Georgetown University Press
  • Release : 2016
  • ISBN : 1626163553
  • Pages : 176 pages

Download or read book Defining Death written by Robert M. Veatch and published by Georgetown University Press. This book was released on 2016 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New technologies and medical treatments have complicated questions such as how to determine the moment when someone has died. The result is a failure to establish consensus on the definition of death and the criteria by which the moment of death is determined. This creates confusion and disagreement not only among medical, legal, and insurance professionals but also within families faced with difficult decisions concerning their loved ones. Distinguished bioethicists Robert M. Veatch and Lainie F. Ross argue that the definition of death is not a scientific question but a social one rooted in religious, philosophical, and social beliefs. Drawing on history and recent court cases, the authors detail three potential definitions of death -- the whole-brain concept; the circulatory, or somatic, concept; and the higher-brain concept. Because no one definition of death commands majority support, it creates a major public policy problem. The authors cede that society needs a default definition to proceed in certain cases, like those involving organ transplantation. But they also argue the decision-making process must give individuals the space to choose among plausible definitions of death according to personal beliefs. Taken in part from the authors' latest edition of their groundbreaking work on transplantation ethics, Defining Death is an indispensable guide for professionals in medicine, law, insurance, public policy, theology, and philosophy as well as lay people trying to decide when they want to be treated as dead.

Book Sheep  Goat  and Cervid Medicine   E Book

Download or read book Sheep Goat and Cervid Medicine E Book written by David G. Pugh and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-01-07 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: **Selected for Doody's Core Titles® 2024 in Veterinary Medicine** Get practical answers from the only guide on the care of sheep, goats, and cervids! Authoritative yet easy to read, Sheep, Goat and Cervid Medicine, 3rd Edition covers all the latest advances in the field, including diseases and medical treatment, surgery, pain management, theriogenology, and nutrition. Clear instructions and hundreds of full-color photographs guide you step by step through common procedures including restraint for examination, administration of drugs, blood collection, and grooming. New to this edition is coverage of deer and elk medicine, reflecting the growing interest in these ruminants. Written by an expert team led by Dr. D.G. Pugh, this comprehensive reference is ideal for veterinarians and also for owners of sheep and goats. - Clear writing style and consistent organization makes the book easy to understand and use, with disease chapters including pathogenesis, clinical signs, diagnosis, treatment, and prevention. - Coverage of both surgery and medicine in each body systems chapter makes it easier to choose between treatment options for specific disorders. - Superbly illustrated surgical procedures clearly demonstrate the steps to follow in performing medical and reproductive surgery. - Diverse, expert contributors include the most experienced authorities, each providing current information on the care of valuable breeding stock as well as pets. - Useful appendixes, now including veterinary feed directives, offer convenient access to information on drugs and drug dosages, fluid therapy, and normal values and conversions. - Consistent, logical format in each body systems chapter makes information easy to find by beginning with physical examination and diagnostic procedures, followed by discussions of common diseases that involve the system. - Comprehensive Feeding and Nutrition chapter covers diet evaluation, method of balancing rations, total parenteral nutrition, and examples of nutritious diets. - Explanation of the differences in normal behavior between sheep and goats shows how they are not the same, and require different methods of treatment. - NEW! Coverage of cervids has been added to chapters throughout the book, reflecting the growing popularity of deer and elk. - NEW! Thorough content updates are made throughout the book and reflect the latest research evidence. - NEW! 170 new clinical photos have been added. - NEW! Anesthesia and Pain Management chapter includes a new section on pain management strategies, reflecting the emphasis on controlling pain in small ruminants. - NEW! Expert Consult website offers an online version of the book, making it easy to search the entire book electronically. - NEW! Two new authors are respected and well-known veterinary medicine experts and educators: Dr. Misty Edmondson and Dr. Thomas Passler.

Book The Midnight Blade of Sonic Honey

Download or read book The Midnight Blade of Sonic Honey written by Eric W. Bragg and published by Lulu.com. This book was released on 2008 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fiction. "The neck that was once a wrist, choked on a wishbone made from a sliver of moonlight, which manifested itself as a seeing eye on the back of the hand that was just like a cheery fireplace on the back of a skull that became a house. Blue sapphire icicles were cried out of this synthetic eye, evoking the cold appearance of a dark witch who kept her animals in cages, who moved her freight elevators up, just like she went down on her dumb waiters, and who sliced off the heads of infidels expecting the interior of their bodies to be an emerald honeycomb of light that would weep strange songs." THE MIDNIGHT BLADE OF SONIC HONEY is the pairing of a surrealist novel and an automatic text that were written nearly seven years apart but which tell the same story, albeit as complementary permutations of each other. Dripping with bile and centered within a gothic sensibility, this journey opens the reader's skull like a freshly cracked coconut. With illustrations in black and white by Ribitch.

Book Catch Me if Yukon

    Book Details:
  • Author : Maddy Hunter
  • Publisher : Llewellyn Worldwide
  • Release : 2018-12-08
  • ISBN : 0738755583
  • Pages : 243 pages

Download or read book Catch Me if Yukon written by Maddy Hunter and published by Llewellyn Worldwide. This book was released on 2018-12-08 with total page 243 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emily and her traveling seniors must solve yeti nother mystery as they trek through the Alaskan wilderness As tour escort Emily Andrew-Miceli leads her globetrotting band of Iowa seniors into the wilds of Alaska, she discovers that whales aren't the only killers on the prowl. When a tour member turns up dead on a mountainous hiking trail, Emily blames herself for the mishap—until she learns that something far hairier might be the cause. One of the seniors snaps a photo of what looks like Bigfoot, raising questions about what happened to the victim. But the elusive sasquatch is just a legend, isn't it? Between whale watching in the glacial waters near Seward and ziplining in the primal forests of Denali, Emily finds herself locked in a game of cat and mouse with a killer who may or may not be mere myth. Praise for Catch Me If Yukon: "Hunter's mystery provides all the surprises to make this entry one of the best in her series."—Kirkus Reviews Praise for the Passport to Peril Mystery series Say No Moor "The eleventh book in the Passport to Peril Mystery series is solid proof that this series just keeps getting better and better."—RT Book Reviews From Bad to Wurst "Despite the chaos that continually surrounds Emily and her irrepressible explorers, she remains a constant beacon of intelligence, practicality, and amiability. The humor is always spot-on and will surprise readers with its deft wit, originality, and satire."—Cynthia Chow, KingsRiverLife.com Fleur de Lies "Don't miss the ninth trip in this always entertaining series."—Library Journal Bonnie of Evidence "A delightfully deadly eighth Passport to Peril mystery."—Publishers Weekly Dutch Me Deadly "Dutch Me Deadly, the latest adventure of [Hunter's] endearing heroine and zany Iowan seniors, offers nonstop humor and an engaging plot woven so well into its setting that it could take place only in Holland. Despite the danger, I want to travel with Emily!"—Carrie Bebris, award-winning author of the Mr. & Mrs. Darcy Mystery series "The cast of characters is highly entertaining and the murder mystery mixed with good humor!"—Suspense Magazine "A bit of humor, a bit of travel information, and a bit of mystery add up to some pleasant light reading."—Kirkus Reviews

Book Good Call

Download or read book Good Call written by Jase Robertson and published by Simon and Schuster. This book was released on 2014-05-06 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The iconic, tough-but-tender Boston PI Spenser returns in an outstanding new addition to the New York Times-bestselling series from author Ace Atkins.

Book Believing Aloud

    Book Details:
  • Author : Mark Douglas
  • Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
  • Release : 2010-09-15
  • ISBN : 1725245345
  • Pages : 198 pages

Download or read book Believing Aloud written by Mark Douglas and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2010-09-15 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the fall of 2006, Mark Douglas, a professor of Christian ethics, was invited to write weekly editorials for a secular newspaper. Surprisingly, his editor placed no limits around either the content or the rhetoric of those editorials. This book offers Professor Douglas's reflections on that work and the editorials themselves. Taken together, they model a particular vision of Christian engagement in the public sphere. This book offers a single sustained argument about why and how the Christian faith should shape the public lives of its adherents. Both the reflections and the editorials model various aspects of that argument. At the center of this book's argument are the Christian virtues of faith, hope, and love. Douglas begins by arguing not only that faith matters in the public sphere but describing how this is so. He then describes the way hope shapes a worldview through which to interpret public life. Finally, the virtue of love informs the practices of a life in which Christians learn to "believe aloud." Many recent books have made the case that it is important for people of faith to engage in matters of public interest-this one actually shows how one person has done so.

Book Red Caps

    Book Details:
  • Author : Steve Berman
  • Publisher : Lethe Press
  • Release : 2014
  • ISBN : 1590212827
  • Pages : 214 pages

Download or read book Red Caps written by Steve Berman and published by Lethe Press. This book was released on 2014 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: These teenage boys and girls need not fear that their love has no worth, because Steve Berman has written for them princesses who love maidens and adorkable students who have wondrous and smart boyfriends.

Book Handbook of Neurological Rehabilitation

Download or read book Handbook of Neurological Rehabilitation written by Richard J. Greenwood and published by Psychology Press. This book was released on 2005-08-16 with total page 1874 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Changes in the focus of neurological practice worldwide have led to the need for new standard texts that reflect the current state of this expanding area of clinical expertise. The second edition of the Handbook of Neurological Rehabilitation is a major reference source that fulfils this need, providing an invaluable resource for all professions that work with patients suffering from neurological disorders. It brings restorative neurology to the bedside and shows how a reiterative, goal-oriented, problem-solving training programme can benefit patients, sometimes on a scale not achieved by pharmacological or surgical interventions. The book is divided into three sections all of which have been updated. Section One explores the clinical and biological principles underpinning rehabilitation practice in the context of neurological disablement. Section Two describes the assessment, treatment, and management of the major physical, cognitive and behavioural impairments, and the resulting functional deficits that may follow or accompany neurological disease. The final section explores in more detail these problems and their management in relation to the more common specific disorders of the nervous system. The text emphasises the fact that rehabilitation is an ongoing process involving multidisciplinary problem-solving, goal-setting and education; in which organised care is more effective than unorganised care; and the breakdown of professional barriers within rehabilitation, to facilitate the use of combined treatment techniques, improves outcome. It describes the contribution made by neural reorganisation and compensatory mechanisms to recovery of function, focuses on the avoidance of secondary deficit, and explores the physical, cognitive, affective and behavioural problems that may occur after neurological damage. At a time when new medical technologies threaten to fragment the integrity of medical care at individual and societal levels, it is crucial that all those involved in the management of chronic neurological disease have a working knowledge of the contents of this book. Their perspective on clinical practice will then be truly integrated and holistic and their patients will benefit accordingly.

Book An American Obsession

Download or read book An American Obsession written by Jennifer Terry and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-12-15 with total page 553 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing on original research from medical texts, psychiatric case histories, pioneering statistical surveys, first-person accounts, legal cases, sensationalist journalism, and legislative debates, Jennifer Terry has written a nuanced and textured history of how the century-old obsession with homosexuality is deeply tied to changing American anxieties about social and sexual order in the modern age. Terry's overarching argument is compelling: that homosexuality served as a marker of the "abnormal" against which malleable, tenuous, and often contradictory concepts of the "normal" were defined. One of the few histories to take into consideration homosexuality in both women and men, Terry's work also stands out in its refusal to erase the agency of people classified as abnormal. She documents the myriad ways that gays, lesbians, and other sexual minorities have coauthored, resisted, and transformed the most powerful and authoritative modern truths about sex. Proposing this history as a "useable past," An American Obsession is an indispensable contribution to the study of American cultural history.

Book The Scourge of Genocide

Download or read book The Scourge of Genocide written by Adam Jones and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2013-06-26 with total page 430 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Scourge of Genocide collects essays, reviews, and reportage on the subjects of genocide and crimes against humanity by Adam Jones, recently selected as one of "Fifty Key Thinkers on the Holocaust and Genocide." The volume includes a number of previously-unpublished essays, and explores a range of debates and approaches in comparative genocide studies, such as: Genocide, pedagogy, and visual representation. Gender and "gendercide." The role of media and communications in genocide. The historiography of genocide studies. "Subaltern genocide," or genocides by the oppressed. Strategies of genocide prevention and intervention. Covering a broad spectrum of theoretical perspectives, as well as case studies from the former Yugoslavia, Rwanda, Guatemala, Afghanistan, Iraq, and Israel/Palestine, this book is essential reading for all scholars and students of genocide studies, political violence, and international relations.

Book Shadow Meal

    Book Details:
  • Author : Michael McNichols
  • Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
  • Release : 2010-02-10
  • ISBN : 1608993604
  • Pages : 141 pages

Download or read book Shadow Meal written by Michael McNichols and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2010-02-10 with total page 141 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many Protestant Evangelicals struggle to find meaning in the Lord's Supper. There may be theological positions to be held and certain religious protocols to be observed, but for many the Eucharist remains merely a symbol of remembrance and as such, an elusive connection to the table of Jesus. As new conversations take place about the emerging and missional church, the value of the ancient practices of the church are seeking new expression. However, since many in these conversations come from non-sacramental backgrounds, the Eucharist can easily become a utilitarian addendum to alternative church experiments.In reflecting on the invitation from Jesus, quoted by Paul in 1 Corinthians 11:23-26, to "do this," the question is asked, "What is this?" Shadow Meal challenges the idea that this is something containable or negotiable and suggests instead that this has much more to do with the invitation and presence of Jesus than it does with ecclesiastical practices or prescribed rituals. Shadow Meal seeks to offer Protestants some new images of the Eucharist and to foster a deeper appreciation of and connection to the presence of Jesus in the invitation to dine at his table. It offers new language to pastors and leaders who hope to find ways to frame the missional life of Christian faith for people whose lives cry out to be formed by the present reality of God's kingdom.

Book Pieces of Justice

    Book Details:
  • Author : Ken R. Abell
  • Publisher : Wipf and Stock Publishers
  • Release : 2016-02-24
  • ISBN : 1498237835
  • Pages : 229 pages

Download or read book Pieces of Justice written by Ken R. Abell and published by Wipf and Stock Publishers. This book was released on 2016-02-24 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pieces of Justice is a tale on the move that continues the adventures of Deacon Coburn and company which began in Days of Purgatory. The everlasting conflict between good and evil weaves its way through the storyline to a stunning conclusion awash in an array of natural and supernatural elements. A mosaic of subplots dovetails into the overarching theme. A brassy woman with a mysterious past is on a cross-country mission to find Deacon Coburn, and she keeps her intentions hidden. Times are changing, which has a rakish gambler immersed in nostalgia, while a world traveler revisits Dodge City. Lives and perspectives are altered when a beloved mother and friend gets sick and dies. A River Brethren woman is overwhelmed by melancholia that is exacerbated by spiritual abuse. There are also revelations about characters that increase the intrigue. Through it all, words of encouragement from Whitey Fitzgerald to a grieving boy provide a framework of truth: "Let me tell you something about hurting, boss. Hurting has no end. We get some faith and healing and distance enough to kick the past to the past, but nevertheless, we carry every scar until jubilee day when the Lord calls us home to glory."

Book American Like Me

    Book Details:
  • Author : America Ferrera
  • Publisher : Gallery Books
  • Release : 2019-09-03
  • ISBN : 1501180924
  • Pages : 336 pages

Download or read book American Like Me written by America Ferrera and published by Gallery Books. This book was released on 2019-09-03 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: INSTANT NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER From Academy Award–nominated actress and 2023 SeeHer award recipient America Ferrera comes a vibrant and varied collection of first-person accounts from prominent figures about the experience of growing up between cultures. America Ferrera has always felt wholly American, and yet, her identity is inextricably linked to her parents’ homeland and Honduran culture. Speaking Spanish at home, having Saturday-morning-salsa-dance-parties in the kitchen, and eating tamales alongside apple pie at Christmas never seemed at odds with her American identity. Still, she yearned to see that identity reflected in the larger American narrative. Now, in American Like Me, America invites thirty-one of her friends, peers, and heroes to share their stories about life between cultures. We know them as actors, comedians, athletes, politicians, artists, and writers. However, they are also immigrants, children or grandchildren of immigrants, indigenous people, or people who otherwise grew up with deep and personal connections to more than one culture. Each of them struggled to establish a sense of self, find belonging, and feel seen. And they call themselves American enthusiastically, reluctantly, or not at all. Ranging from the heartfelt to the hilarious, their stories shine a light on a quintessentially American experience and will appeal to anyone with a complicated relationship to family, culture, and growing up.