Download or read book Fruits of the Guianan Flora written by Marc G. M. van Roosmalen and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 536 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Wild Fruits from the Amazon written by Marc G.m. Van Roosmalen, Dr. and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 282 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume I of "An Illustrated Guide to the Wild Fruits from the Amazon" depicts the fruits of all known Guianan plants covering about 100 families, 546 genera, and over 2,000 species. Moreover, the fruits of important edible-fruit producing families that occur in the larger Brazilian Amazon are included. Furthermore, besides the fruits of all Amazonian trees of the families Lecythidaceae and Myristicaceae, all fruits that have been cultivated for food and/or spread across the Amazon over the past 11,000 years by now extinct Neolithic Amerindian hunter-gatherers and/or "terra preta" anthrosol farming peoples, are depicted in color. The catalogue is restricted to woody plants, i.e. trees and shrubs reaching over 1.5 m in height when full grown, lianas, vines, (hemi)-epiphytic climbing shrubs, and (sub)-ligneous epiphytes. Among the Chlamydospermae, only the family Gnetaceae is treated. The remaining 98 families belong to the Angiospermae. Among the Monocotyledoneae, the families Araceae, Musaceae/Strelitziaceae, Liliaceae, and Arecaceae are included. The remaining 94 families belong to the Dicotyledoneae.Volume II (in prep.) will treat over 100 plant families in alphabetical order. Each family is headed by a short family description based mainly on the more practicable field characters of leaves, inflorescences, flowers, and fruits. The section Notes includes remarks on habit, secretory systems, and seed dispersal - only when one may generalize on family level. Following a family description, each genus within the family is numbered and mentioned together with the author's name. A genus description is given when more than one species within the genus are described. Each genus is followed by the species in alphabetical order and sub-numbered. This facilitates a quick determination of both the number of genera treated within a certain family and the number of species treated within a certain genus. The species name is followed by the author's name according to up-to-date taxonomic literature. When known to the author, vernacular names used by the most prominent sections of the population, such as Aruak-Amerindian (A), Caraib-Amerindian (C), Surinamese Dutch (SD), Spanish (Sp.), English (E), Brazilian Portuguese (B), Sranan-tongo or Surinamese (S), and Bushland-Creole, Quilombola or Paramaccan (P), have been included.When a fruit species is depicted in Volume I, plate and figure numbers are given. Plates are numbered 1-208; figures are numbered within each plate. The species descriptions as presented in Volume II usually include four sections, the first word of each section being printed in italics. The first section gives simple leaf characters as far as they are practicable in the field. The second section describes main characters of inflorescence, infructescence, (fruiting) calyx, and/or pedicel. The third section describes external and internal characters of fruit and seed(s). The fourth section, “Notes”, gives various remarks that may be useful in the field, such as plant habit, presence of secretory systems, bark features, seed dispersal strategy, phenology, occurrence, habitat and soil type, and geographical distribution within the Guianas and the larger Amazonian region. In Vol. I, I tried to include drawings of as many fruits as possible. In case of great interspecific resemblance, only one of the fruits has been depicted. Depending on the available material, fruits and seeds are drawn from different angles, cross and/or longitudinal sections, showing the morphological properties that are most important for visual identification. This Amazonian fruit catalogue includes too many species to make a usable key down to genus or species level. However, here I have included a synoptical key to the one-hundred plant families treated. In order to facilitate direct identification of the fruits, figures are drawn on a 1:1 scale. Large fruits are reduced to about half their natural size.
Download or read book Seeds of Amazonian Plants written by Fernando Cornejo and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2010-07-06 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Seeds of Amazonian Plants is the first field guide to treat the extraordinary diversity of seeds and diaspores of plants commonly encountered in the Amazon and other lowland moist forests of the American tropics. This stunningly illustrated guide features an easy-to-use whole-plant approach to seed identification that provides detailed descriptions not only of the seeds but also of the habit, trunk, bark, leaves, infructescence, and fruit of Amazonian plants, as well as information about the known uses and distribution of each genus. Presenting these descriptions together with 750 full-color photos and a unique identification key, this premier field guide enables users to identify seeds of 544 genera and 131 families of plants. The most comprehensive field guide to Amazonian seeds Features 750 full-color photos that make identification easy Covers 544 genera and 131 families of Amazonian plants Describes seeds, habit, trunk, bark, leaves, infructescence, and fruit Includes unique seed identification key Compact, portable, and beautifully illustrated--the ideal field guide
Download or read book Wild Fruits from the Amazon VI written by Marc G. M. Van Roosmalen and published by Independently Published. This book was released on 2019-01-04 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume I of Wild Fruits from the Amazon depicts the fruits of almost all known Guianan plants covering about 100 families, 546 genera, and over 2,000 species. Moreover, the fruits of a few important edible-fruit producing families that occur in the larger Brazilian Amazon and not in the Guianas are included, such as Lecythidaceae and Myristicaceae (both depicted in colour), and Sapotaceae (depicted in black&white line drawings). Furthermore, besides the fruits of all Amazonian trees of the families Lecythidaceae and Myristicaceae, all fruits that have been cultivated for food and/or spread across the Amazon over the past 11,000 years by now extinct Neolithic Amerindian hunter-gatherers and/or terra preta anthrosol farming peoples, are depicted in colour. The catalogue is restricted to woody plants, i.e. trees and shrubs reaching over 1.5 m in height when fullgrown, lianas, vines, (hemi)-epiphytic climbing shrubs, and (sub)-ligneous epiphytes. Some rare plants too poorly collected or described in literature are omitted. Among the Chlamydospermae, only the family Gnetaceae is treated. The remaining 98 families belong to the Angiospermae. Among the Monocotyledoneae, the families Araceae, Musaceae/Strelitziaceae, Liliaceae, and Arecaceae (Palmae) are included. The remaining 94 families belong to the Dicotyledoneae.Volumes II - VII are treating over one-hundred plant families from the larger lowland Amazonian Basin in alphabetical order, whether or not they belong to the Chlamydospermae or the Angiospermae (Monocotyledoneae or Dicotyledoneae). Each family is headed by a short family description based mainly on the more practicable field characters of leaves, inflorescences, flowers, and fruits. The section Notes includes remarks on habit, secretory systems, and seed dispersal - only when one may generalize on family level. Following a family description, each genus within the family is numbered and mentioned together with the author's name. A genus description is given when more than one species within the genus are described. Each genus is followed by the species in alphabetical order and subnumbered. This facilitates a quick determination of both the number of genera treated within a certain family and the number of species treated within a certain genus. The species name is followed by the author's name according to up-to-date taxonomic literature, while one or more synonyms may be added in brackets. When known to the author, vernacular names used by the most prominent sections of the population, such as Aruak-Amerindian (A), Caraib-Amerindian (C), Surinamese Dutch (SD), Spanish (Sp.), English (E), Brazilian Portuguese (B), Sranan-tongo or Surinamese (S), and Bushland-Creole, Quilombola or Paramaccan (P), have been included. When a fruit species is depicted in Volume I, plate and figure numbers are given in bold. Plates are numbered 1-208; figures are numbered within each plate. The species descriptions as presented in Volumes II - VII usually include four sections, the first word of each section being printed in italics (see example below). The first section gives simple leaf characters as far as they are practicable in the field, using for instance a pair of binoculars. The second section describes main characters of inflorescence, infructescence, (fruiting) calyx, flowering and/or fruiting pedicel. The third section describes, as detailed as possible, external and internal characters of fruit and seed(s). The fourth section, "Notes," gives various remarks that may be useful in the field, such as plant habit, presence of secretory systems, bark features, seed dispersal strategy, phenology, occurrence (based on data from literature, samples examined in the Utrecht Herbarium and INPA - Manaus-AM plant collection, and the internet), habitat and soil type, and geographical distribution within the Guianas and the entire Amazonian lowland region. Vol. VI treats plant families MYRISTICACEAE - ROSACEAE.
Download or read book Wild Fruits from the Amazon written by Marc van Roosmalen and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-07-19 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume V treats alphabetically the families Liliaceae through Moraceae (including Cecropiaceae). Each family is headed by a short family description based mainly on the more practicable field characters of leaves, inflorescences, flowers, and fruits. The section Notes includes remarks on habit, secretory systems, and seed dispersal - only when one may generalize on genus and/or family level. Following a family description, each genus within the family is numbered and mentioned together with the author's name. A genus description is given when more than one species within the genus are described. Each genus is followed by the species in alphabetical order and sub-numbered. This facilitates a quick determination of both the number of genera treated within a certain family and the number of species treated within a certain genus. The species name is followed by the author's name according to up-to-date taxonomic literature. When known to the author, vernacular names used by the most prominent sections of the population, such as Aruak-Amerindian (A), Caraib-Amerindian (C), Surinamese Dutch (SD), Spanish (Sp.), English (E), Brazilian Portuguese (B), Sranan-tongo or Surinamese (S), and Bushland-Creole, Quilombola or Paramaccan (P), have been included. When a fruit species is depicted in Volume I, plate and figure numbers are given. Plates are numbered 1-208; figures are numbered within each plate. If available, digital color photos, drawings and/or paintings of leaves, inflorescences, infructescences, fruits, seeds and plant habits taken in the wild or taken from the internet are inserted below the species description. As presented in Volumes II - V, species descriptions usually include four sections, the first word of each section being printed in italics. The first section gives simple leaf characters as far as they are practicable in the field. The second section describes main characters of inflorescence, infructescence, (fruiting) calyx, and/or pedicel. The third section describes external and internal characters of fruit and seed(s). The fourth section, "Notes", gives various remarks that may be useful in the field, such as plant habit, presence of secretory systems, bark features, seed dispersal strategy, phenology, occurrence, preferred habitat and soil type, and geographical distribution within the Neotropics, with emphasis on the Guayanan Shield and the larger lowland Amazonian region. In Vol. I, I tried to include drawings of as many fruits as possible. In case of great interspecific resemblance, only one of the fruits has been depicted. Depending on the available material, fruits and seeds are drawn from different angles, cross and/or longitudinal sections, showing the morphological properties that are most important for visual identification. This Amazonian fruit catalogue includes too many species to make a usable key down to genus or species level. However, in Volumes I - V, I have included a synoptical key to the one-hundred or so plant families treated. I also added an index on families and genera treated in each volume.
Download or read book A Contribution to the Guianan Flora written by Lynn J. Gillespie and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Dalechampia, Haematostemon, Omphalea, Pera, Plukenetia, and Tragia (Euphorbiaceae, subfamily Acalyphoideae) are treated for the Guianas. Notes on Guianan Euphorbiaceae, subfamily Acalyphoideae, tribes Omphaleae, Pereae, and Plukenetieae, and ecological notes on each species are given. Also included is a key to the subfamilies of Euphorbiaceae and a key to the Guianan genera of subfamily Acalyphoideae.
Download or read book The European Garden Flora Flowering Plants written by James Cullen and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 641 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The definitive manual for the accurate identification of cultivated ornamental flowering plants, thoroughly updated to include the latest taxonomic knowledge.
Download or read book The Natural History of Flowers written by Michael Fogden and published by Texas A&M University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Flowers have played an important role in human culture and survival for thousands of years. The final products of flowers—fruits and seeds—are vitally important as food. Flowers provide bursts of color to homes and gardens and they symbolize love, sorrow, and renewal. Yet we often overlook their real purpose. Why do flowers exist and why do they have certain colors, shapes, and smells? What function does a flower have in the life and survival of the plants themselves? In nature, flowers play an essential role in improving a plant’s chances of survival. Some flowers are pollinated by wind or water but most are designed to attract and reward pollinators, such as bees, butterflies, birds, and bats, to carry their pollen from flower to flower. After being pollinated, flowers produce fruits and again take advantage of wind, water, and animals to disperse their seeds, ensuring a new generation of their species. Pollination and seed dispersal are fine-tuned systems, and their importance in sustaining a healthy environment cannot be overstated. And, as ongoing climate and other environmental changes apply new pressures, flowers must continue to adapt in order to survive. In this beautifully illustrated book with over 200 stunning photographs, Michael Fogden and Patricia Fogden draw from existing research and their extensive field experiences all over the world to present a detailed but accessible introduction to the natural history of flowers. They discuss a representative sample of flowering and fruiting strategies, illustrating interactions between plants and their pollinators and dispersers, and conclude with descriptions of their favorite tropical flowers.
Download or read book Tropical Fruits and Frugivores written by J. Lawrence Dew and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-01-16 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book we undertake one of the first global-scale comparisons of the relationships between tropical plants and frugivorous animal communities, comparing sites within and across continents. In total, 12 primary contributors, including noted plant and animal ecologists, present newly-analyzed long-term datasets on the floristics and phenological rhythms of their study sites, identifying important seed dispersers and key plant taxa that sustain animal communities in Africa, Madagascar, Australasia, and the Neotropics.
Download or read book Floral Aspects of British Guiana written by Albert Spear Hitchcock and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Tropical Fruits and Other Edible Plants of the World written by Rolf Blancke and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2016-07-15 with total page 348 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tropical fruits such as banana, mango, papaya, and pineapple are familiar and treasured staples of our diets, and consequently of great commercial importance, but there are many other interesting species that are little known to inhabitants of temperate regions. What delicacies are best known only by locals? The tropical regions are home to a vast variety of edible fruits, tubers, and spices. Of the more than two thousand species that are commonly used as food in the tropics, only about forty to fifty species are well known internationally. Illustrated with high-quality photographs taken on location in the plants’ natural environment, this field guide describes more than three hundred species of tropical and subtropical species of fruits, tubers, and spices. In Tropical Fruits and Other Edible Plants of the World, Rolf Blancke includes all the common species and features many lesser known species, including mangosteen and maca, as well as many rare species such as engkala, sundrop, and the mango plum. Some of these rare species will always remain of little importance because they need an acquired taste to enjoy them, they have too little pulp and too many seeds, or they are difficult to package and ship. Blancke highlights some fruits—the araza (Eugenia stipitata) and the nutritious peach palm (Bactris gasipaes) from the Amazon lowlands, the Brunei olive (Canarium odontophyllum) from Indonesia, and the remarkably tasty soursop (Annona muricata) from Central America—that deserve much more attention and have the potential to become commercially important in the near future. Tropical Fruits and Other Edible Plants of the World also features tropical plants used to produce spices, and many tropical tubers, including cassava, yam, and oca. These tubers play a vital role in human nutrition and are often foundational to the foodways of their local cultures, but they sometimes require complex preparation and are often overlooked or poorly understood distant from their home context.
Download or read book Flora of Trinidad and Tobago written by Trinidad. Department of Agriculture and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 578 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fruit Trees and Useful Plants in Amazonian Life written by Patricia Shanley and published by Food & Agriculture Organization of the UN (FAO). This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication is a testament to the enormous potential that integrating traditional and scientific knowledge can have for both local communities and academic and development professionals alike. It also serves as a reminder to the scientific community that science should be shared with local people and not confined to journals and closed circles of technical experts. From Brazil nuts and Cat's claw to Copaiba and Titica, this book shares a wealth of information on a wide range of plant species that only close collaboration between local peoples and researchers could possibly breed.
Download or read book Frugivory and seed dispersal ecological and evolutionary aspects written by T.H. Fleming and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Any scientific discipline needs a theoretical framework to guide its development and to sharpen the questions its researchers pursue. In biology, evolution is the grand theoretical framework, and an his torical perspective is necessary to understand present-day biological conditions. In its formative years, the modern study of the fruit-frugivore mutualism was guided by the 'specialist-generalist' paradigm developed by D. Snow, D. McKey, and H. Howe. Howe reviews the current status of this evolution ary paradigm and points out that it has been dismissed by many workers before being adequately tested. This is because ecologists working with the tropical plants and frugivorous birds for which the paradigm was originally developed rarely measure the seed dispersal effectiveness of different disperser species. He indicates that this paradigm still has heuristic value and suggests that several additional ecological paradigms, including the concept ofkeystone species ofplants and frugivores and the role that frugivores play in density-dependent mortality in tropical trees, are worth studying. The concept of seed dispersal quality has been central to discussions of fruit-frugivore coevolution. Schupp thoroughly reviews data bearing on this concept, constructs a hierarchical framework for viewing disperser effectiveness, and points out that disperser effectiveness depends on both the quantity and quality of seed dispersal. Effectiveness, in turn, affects both evolutionary and ecological relationships between dispersers and their food plants.
Download or read book Wild Fruits from the Amazon written by Marcus G. M. Van Roosmalen and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-01-02 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume IV treats the entire Superfamily of Leguminosae, subdivided in the families Caesalpinioideae, Papilionoideae (or Fabaceae) and Mimosoideae. Each family is headed by a short family description based mainly on the more practicable field characters of leaves, inflorescences, flowers, and fruits. The section Notes includes remarks on habit, secretory systems, and seed dispersal - only when one may generalize on genus and/or family level. Following a family description, each genus within the family is numbered and mentioned together with the author's name. A genus description is given when more than one species within the genus are described. Each genus is followed by the species in alphabetical order and sub-numbered. This facilitates a quick determination of both the number of genera treated within a certain family and the number of species treated within a certain genus. The species name is followed by the author's name according to up-to-date taxonomic literature. When known to the author, vernacular names used by the most prominent sections of the population, such as Aruak-Amerindian (A), Caraib-Amerindian (C), Surinamese Dutch (SD), Spanish (Sp.), English (E), Brazilian Portuguese (B), Sranan-tongo or Surinamese (S), and Bushland-Creole, Quilombola or Paramaccan (P), have been included. When a fruit species is depicted in Volume I, plate and figure numbers are given. Plates are numbered 1-208; figures are numbered within each plate. If available, digital color photos of fruits taken in the wild are inserted below the species description. As presented in Volumes II to VI species descriptions usually include four sections, the first word of each section being printed in italics. The first section gives simple leaf characters as far as they are practicable in the field. The second section describes main characters of inflorescence, infructescence, (fruiting) calyx, and/or pedicel. The third section describes external and internal characters of fruit and seed(s). The fourth section, "Notes", gives various remarks that may be useful in the field, such as plant habit, presence of secretory systems, bark features, seed dispersal strategy, phenology, occurrence, habitat and soil type, and geographical distribution within the Guianas and the larger lowland Amazonian region. In Vol. I, I tried to include drawings of as many fruits as possible. In case of great interspecific resemblance, only one of the fruits has been depicted. Depending on the available material, fruits and seeds are drawn from different angles, cross and/or longitudinal sections, showing the morphological properties that are most important for visual identification. This Amazonian fruit catalogue includes too many species to make a usable key down to genus or species level. However, in Volumes I and IV, I have included a synoptical key to the one-hundred or so plant families treated.
Download or read book Flora of the Guianas written by A. R. A. Görts-van Rijn and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 182 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Evolution of Exudativory in Primates written by Anne M. Burrows and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2010-09-11 with total page 317 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: I first became involved in research into primate behavior and ecology in 1968, over 40 years ago, driven by a quest for a better understanding of the natural context of primate evolution. At that time, it was virtually unknown that primates can exploit exudates as a major food source. I was certainly unaware of this myself. By good fortune, I was awarded a postdoctoral grant to work on lemurs with Jean-Jacques Petter in the general ecology division of the Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle in Brunoy, France. This provided the launching-pad for my first field study of lesser mouse lemurs in Madagascar, during which I gained my initial inklings of exudate feeding. It was also in Brunoy that I met up with Pierre Charles- Dominique, who introduced me to pioneering observations of exudate feeding he had made during his field study of five lorisiform species in Gabon. This opened my eyes to a key feeding adaptation that has now been reported for at least 69 primate species in 12 families (Smith, Chap. 3) – almost 20% of extant primate species. So exudativory is now firmly established as a dietary category for p- mates, alongside the long-recognized classes of faunivory (including insectivory), frugivory, and folivory. Soon after I encountered Charles-Dominique, he published the first synthetic account of his Gabon field study in a French language journal (Charles-Dominique 1971).
