Download or read book From Research to Practice Applying Noncontingent Reinforcement written by Joanna R. Fletcher and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) is an antecedent manipulation used to decrease problem behaviors. NCR is often used as an intervention for severe problem behaviors that are too dangerous to risk the possibility of extinction-induced side effects. During an NCR procedure, reinforcers are delivered on a fixed-time (FT) or variable-time (VT) schedule of reinforcement, regardless of the participant's behavior. The first section of the current paper defines NCR, discusses the history of the procedure, and explains the mechanism of action. The second portion includes a literature review of NCR procedures used to treat target behaviors maintained by social positive reinforcement, social negative reinforcement, and automatic reinforcement. The review is comprised of articles published in the Journal of Applied Behavior Analysis. Following the review, the limiting factors in the natural environment are addressed, as well as, possible solutions to those limitations. Finally, the paper concludes with the implications of NCR research and suggestions for best practice.

Download or read book Noncontingent Reinforcement in the Treatment of Self injurious Behavior written by Raymond Julius Strawn and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research literature suggests that noncontingent reinforcement (NCR) might be a promising applied behavioral technology. NCR involves the delivery of reinforcers independent of an individual's responding. the present study therefore examined the effect of NCR in the treatment of self-injurious behaviors (SIB) exhibited by two mentally challenged adults in their naturally occurring environments. A multiple session, single participant design was employed with each session consisting of a one hour baseline condition followed by the delivery of NCR for one hour on a fixed time five minute schedule followed by an NCR withdrawal condition lasting one hour. Both participants' SIB decreased relative to their baseline rates following the provision of NCR across all study sessions. the present study supports the findings of previous research demonstrating the reductive effect of NCR as a therapeutic behavioral intervention and further demonstrates the ability of NCR to reduce problem behaviors for periods of up to one hour under naturally occurring conditions.

Download or read book Applied Behavior Analysis Advanced Guidebook written by James K. Luiselli and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2023-03-03 with total page 488 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Applied Behavior Analysis Advanced Guidebook: A Manual for Professional Practice gives behavior analysts and other behavioral practitioners pragmatic advice, direction, and recommendations for being an effective clinician, consultant, supervisor, and performance manager. Like the first edition, the book includes chapters on evidence-based practice competencies as well as many new areas devoted to professional development, technology, and telehealth service delivery. Written by expert scientist-practitioners, each chapter is filled with guidance that follows from the most contemporary research support. Focuses on professional practice areas required among behavior analysts Includes forms, tables, flowcharts, and other visual aids to facilitate practice Presents the most current guidelines for established ABA methods Emphasizes the research basis for practice recommendations Helps readers build skills and competencies that broaden scope of practice Covers emerging topics of telehealth, technology, adult learning, and sports fitness

Download or read book Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis written by Johnny L. Matson and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-29 with total page 1306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides comprehensive coverage of applied behavioral analysis (ABA). It examines the history and training methods of ABA as well as related ethical and legal issues. The book discusses various aspects of reinforcement, including social reinforcers, tangible reinforcers, automatic reinforcement, thinning reinforcers, and behavioral momentum. It addresses basic training strategies, such as prompts and fadings, stimulus fading, and stimulus pairing and provides insights into auditory/visual discrimination, instructional feedback, generalization, error correction procedures, and response interruption. In addition, the book addresses the use of ABA in education and explores compliance training, on-task behavior, teaching play and social skills, listening and academic skills, technology, remembering and cognitions, picture-based instruction, foreign language instruction, teaching verbal behavior, public speaking, and vocational skills. In addition, the book covers treatments for tics, trichotillomania, stereotypies, self-injurious behavior, aggression, and toe walking. It also addresses ABA for special populations, including individuals with autism, ADHD, substance abuse, and intellectual disabilities. Featured areas of coverage include: Basic assessment methods, such as observing behavior, treatment integrity, social validation, evaluating physical activity, measuring sleep disturbances, preference assessment, and establishing criteria for skill mastery. Functional assessment, including how to quantify outcomes and evaluate results, behaviors that precede and are linked to target behaviors, and treatments. Treatment methods, such as token economies, discrete trial instruction, protective equipment, group-based and parent training as well as staff training and self-control procedures. Health issues, including dental and self-care, life skills, mealtime and feeding, telehealth, smoking reduction and cessation, and safety training. Leisure and social skills, such as cellphone use, gambling, teaching music, sports and physical fitness. The Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis is a must-have reference for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and other professionals in clinical child and school psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, behavioral therapy and rehabilitation, special education, developmental psychology, pediatrics, nursing, and all interrelated disciplines.

Download or read book Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis Interventions for Autism written by Justin B. Leaf and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-05-06 with total page 627 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This handbook addresses evidence-based practices in Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) for individuals diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). It provides an overview of the history of evidence-based practices and their importance as applied to the law, school settings, and factors that influence the use for treatment of ASD. Additional areas of coverage include evidence-based and non-evidence-based ABA interventions for autism as well as decision-making ethics related to these treatments. In addition, the book addresses cultural considerations as they relate to these treatments and examines procedural aspects of ABA interventions for autism. Key ABA treatments addressed include: Discrete trial teaching. Pivotal response training. Video modeling. Parent-mediated intervention. Early Start Denver Model, PEAK, PECS, and AAC. Script fading/activity schedules and differential reinforcement/extinction. Response interruption and redirection. Self-management and self-monitoring. The Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis Interventions for Autism is a must-have resource for researchers, professors, and graduate students as well as clinicians, therapists, and other professionals across such interrelated disciplines as clinical child, school, and developmental psychology, child and adolescent psychiatry, social work, rehabilitation medicine/therapy, pediatrics, and special education.

Download or read book Behavior Analysis for Lasting Change written by G. Roy Mayer and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Handbook of Evidence Based Practice in Clinical Psychology Child and Adolescent Disorders written by Michel Hersen and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-08-02 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Handbook of Evidence-Based Practice in Clinical Psychology, Volume 1 covers the evidence-based practices now identified for treating children and adolescents with a wide range of DSM disorders. Topics include fundamental issues, developmental disorders, behavior and habit disorders, anxiety and mood disorders, and eating disorders. Each chapter provides a comprehensive review of the evidence-based practice literature for each disorder and then covers several different treatment types for clinical implementation. Edited by the renowned Peter Sturmey and Michel Hersen and featuring contributions from experts in the field, this reference is ideal for academics, researchers, and libraries.

Download or read book The Matching Law written by Richard J. Herrnstein and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 1997 with total page 350 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This impressive collection features Richard Herrnstein's most important and original contributions to the social and behavioral sciences--his papers on choice behavior in animals and humans and on his discovery and elucidation of a general principle of choice called the matching law. In recent years, the most popular theory of choice behavior has been rational choice theory. Developed and elaborated by economists over the past hundred years, it claims that individuals make choices in such a way as to maximize their well-being or utility under whatever constraints they face; that is, people make the best of their situations. Rational choice theory holds undisputed sway in economics, and has become an important explanatory framework in political science, sociology, and psychology. Nevertheless, its empirical support is thin. The matching law is perhaps the most important competing explanatory account of choice behavior. It views choice not as a single event or an internal process of the organism but as a rate of observable events over time. It states that instead of maximizing utility, the organism allocates its behavior over various activities in exact proportion to the value derived from each activity. It differs subtly but significantly from rational choice theory in its predictions of how people exert self-control, for example, how they decide whether to forgo immediate pleasures for larger but delayed rewards. It provides, through the primrose path hypothesis, a powerful explanation of alcohol and narcotic addiction. It can also be used to explain biological phenomena, such as genetic selection and foraging behavior, as well as economic decision making.

Download or read book Behavior Safety and Clinical Practice in Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities written by James K. Luiselli and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on with total page 329 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Adaptive Learning and the Human Condition written by Jeffrey C. Levy and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-10-30 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Adaptive Learning and the Human Condition presents the basic principles of classical (Pavlovian) and instrumental (Skinnerian) conditioning in a more coherent and expansive manner than is the case in other textbooks. Learning is defined as an adaptive process through which individuals acquire the ability to predict, and where possible, control the environment. This overarching definition enables integration of traditional Pavlovian and Skinnerian principles and terminology and makes explicit why treatment of the learning process is essentially limited to these two historical research paradigms. Pavlov developed a methodology for studying animals under circumstances where they could predict, but not control, sequences of environmental events. Skinner studied animals under circumstances where their behavior had an effect upon environmental events. Observational learning and symbolic communication (i.e., spoken or written language) are incorporated as indirect learning processes through which individuals can acquire the ability to predict or control. This treatment creates a perspective within which it is possible to consider the fundamental nature of the learning process in understanding the human condition and in addressing significant individual and social concerns. Examples of applications and issues not included in similar textbooks include: The role of classical and instrumental conditioning in language acquisition The administration of rewards and punishers in Baumrind’s parental styles as related to Kohlberg’s stages of moral development Stone-Age hunter-gatherer and technologically-advanced cultures: How did we get from there to here? Self-control and self-actualization While covering traditional technical and theoretical issues, the book is written in a clear, engaging style. The narrative builds across chapters, culminating in the treatment of applications and societal concerns of import and interest to students and faculty alike. Upon completing this book, readers should be able to: explain the significance of human condition through adaptive learning; present the basic principles of classical and instrumental conditioning; and understand the significance of scientific research

Download or read book Strategies and Tactics of Behavioral Research and Practice written by James M. Johnston and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-07-11 with total page 655 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Strategies and Tactics of Behavioral Research and Practice focuses on the most effective methods for measuring and evaluating changes in behavior. The authors provide the rationale for different procedures for measuring behavior and designing within-subject comparisons between control and intervention conditions. The text explains the strengths and weaknesses of methodological alternatives for every topic so that behavioral researchers and practitioners can make the best decisions in each situation. This classic text has been extensively revised to be more accessible and practical. Not only does it feature much more discussion of how research methods are relevant to today’s practitioners, it also includes additional examples based on field research and service delivery scenarios. With expanded coverage on creating experimental designs, as well as new chapters on behavioral assessment, the statistical analysis of data, and ethical issues associated with research methods, this book provides a strong foundation for direct behavioral measurement, within-subject research design, and interpretation of behavioral interventions. Enriched with more pedagogical features, including key terms, tables summarizing important points, figures to help readers visualize text, and updated examples and suggested readings, this book is an invaluable resource for students taking courses in research methods. This book is appropriate for researchers and practitioners in behavior analysis, psychology, education, social work, and other social and health science programs that address questions about behavior in research or practice settings.

Download or read book Cognitive Behavior Therapy written by William T. O'Donohue and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2008-12-23 with total page 674 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proven to be highly effective for the treatment of a wide range of problems, cognitive-behavior therapy is the most widely used psychotherapeutic technique. Building on the success of the previous edition, Cognitive Behavior Therapy, Second Edition presents specific direction for cognitive behavior therapy techniques. Fully updated and expanded, this edition contains contributions from world-renowned experts on problems including smoking cessation, stress management, and classroom management. Its step-by-step illustrations create a hands-on reference of vital cognitive-behavioral therapy skills. This reference is essential for psychologists, counselors, and social workers.

Download or read book Evidence Based Practice and Intellectual Disabilities written by Peter Sturmey and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2014-04-15 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evidence-Based Practice and Intellectual Disabilities responds to the recent increased focus on, and need for, the use of evidence-based practice (EBP) in treating intellectual disabilities. The first book wholly dedicated to addressing EBP specifically in relation to intellectual disabilities Provides clinical guidelines based on the strength of evidence of treatments for a given problematic behavioral topography or disorder Highly relevant to a wide-ranging audience, including professionals working in community services, clinicians and parents and carers

Download or read book Handbook of Applied Behavior Analysis written by John Austin and published by New Harbinger Publications. This book was released on 2000-05-01 with total page 734 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) is a highly functional discipline that, instead of searching for abstract, internal causes for human behavior, looks to external factors that can be influenced. Once identified, these factors can be manipulated to make meaningful, positive improvements in the lives of real people through positive behavior change. Not surprisingly behavior analysis has been applied to a wide range of human activities, from helping troubled teens to organizing industry to maximizing sports performance. ABA interventions for these diverse problems are often creative — and they tend to be effective. In this volume, some of the field's foremost practitioners offer their expert perspective on a range of topics within ABA. Each chapter is fully referenced and contains a set of reading objectives to facilitate deeper understanding and further discussion of its subject area. While these discussions will be of particular interest to academic behavior analysts and graduate students, clinicians and other practitioners will find the research review helpful and informative.

Download or read book Applied Behavior Analysis written by John O. Cooper and published by Pearson UK. This book was released on 2020 with total page 2547 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Autism Spectrum Disorders Breakthroughs in Research and Practice written by Management Association, Information Resources and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2017-09-13 with total page 442 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Developmental disorders affect a high percentage of people in contemporary society. As such, it is imperative to dedicate time and research to facilitate a more comprehensive understanding of these disorders. Autism Spectrum Disorders: Breakthroughs in Research and Practice is an innovative reference source for the latest academic material on emerging perspectives, treatment and care techniques, and therapeutic strategies to support individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Highlighting a range of topics such as social skills, educational support, and assistive technologies, this book is ideally designed for healthcare professionals, researchers, students, academics, and practitioners interested in learning more about autism spectrum disorders.

Download or read book Single Case Research Methodology written by Jennifer R. Ledford and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2014-03-26 with total page 439 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this anticipated new edition of Single Case Research Methodology, David L. Gast and Jennifer R. Ledford detail why and how to apply standard principles of single case research methodology to one’s own research or professional project. Using numerous and varied examples, they demonstrate how single case research can be used for research in behavioral and school psychology, special education, speech and communication sciences, language and literacy, occupational therapy, and social work. This thoroughly updated new edition features two entirely new chapters on measurement systems and controversial issues in single subject research, in addition to sample data sheets, graphic displays, and detailed guidelines for conducting visual analysis of graphic data. This book will be an important resource to student researchers, practitioners, and university faculty who are interested in answering applied research questions and objectively evaluating educational and clinical practices.