Download or read book From a Heuristic Point of View written by Cesare Cozzo and published by Cambridge Scholars Publishing. This book was released on 2014-07-03 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do we get new knowledge? Following the maverick tradition in the philosophy of science, Carlo Cellucci gradually came to the conclusion that logic can only fulfill its role in mathematics, science and philosophy if it helps us to answer this question. He argues that mathematical logic is inadequate and that we need a new logic, framed in a naturalistic conception of knowledge and philosophy – the heuristic conception. This path from logic to a naturalistic conception of knowledge and philosophy explains the title, From a Heuristic Point of View, which recalls the celebrated collection of essays, From a Logical Point of View, by Willard Van Orman Quine, the father of modern naturalized epistemology. The word ‘heuristic’ points to Cellucci’s favorite theme and the main difference between him and Quine: the emphasis on discovery and building a ‘logic’ for generating new knowledge. This book is a collection of essays from leading figures in this field who discuss, criticize, or expand on the main topics in Cellucci’s work, dealing with some of the most challenging questions in logic, science and philosophy.

Download or read book Concerning an Heuristic Point of View Toward the Emission and Transformation of Light New York 1965 written by Albert Einstein and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 8 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Structure Evidence and Heuristic written by Armin W. Schulz and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2020-04-22 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the first systematic treatment of the philosophy of science underlying evolutionary economics. It does not advocate an evolutionary approach towards economics, but rather assesses the epistemic value of appealing to evolutionary biology in economics more generally. The author divides work in evolutionary economics into three distinct, albeit related, forms: a structural form, an evidential form, and a heuristic form. He then analyzes five examples of work in evolutionary economics falling under these three forms. For the structural form, he examines the parallelism between natural selection and economic decision making, and the parallelism between natural selection and market competition. For the evidential form, he looks at the relationship between animal and human economic decision making, and the evolutionary explanation of diversity in human economic decision making. Finally, for the heuristic form, he focuses on the plausibility of equilibrium modeling in evolutionary ecology and economics. In this way, he shows that linking evolutionary biology and economics can make for a powerful methodological tool that can enable progress in our understanding of various economics questions. Structure, Evidence, and Heuristic will be of interest to scholars and advanced students working in philosophy of science, philosophy of social science, evolutionary biology, and economics.

Download or read book From a Heuristic Point of View written by Emiliano Ippoliti and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How do we get new knowledge? Following the maverick tradition in the philosophy of science, Carlo Cellucci gradually came to the conclusion that logic can only fulfill its role in mathematics, science and philosophy if it helps us to answer this question. He argues that mathematical logic is inadequate and that we need a new logic, framed in a naturalistic conception of knowledge and philosophy â " the heuristic conception. This path from logic to a naturalistic conception of knowledge and philosophy explains the title, From a Heuristic Point of View, which recalls the celebrated collection of essays, From a Logical Point of View, by Willard Van Orman Quine, the father of modern naturalized epistemology. The word â ~heuristicâ (TM) points to Cellucciâ (TM)s favorite theme and the main difference between him and Quine: the emphasis on discovery and building a â ~logicâ (TM) for generating new knowledge. This book is a collection of essays from leading figures in this field who discuss, criticize, or expand on the main topics in Cellucciâ (TM)s work, dealing with some of the most challenging questions in logic, science and philosophy.

Download or read book Simple Heuristics that Make Us Smart written by Gerd Gigerenzer and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2000-10-12 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Simple Heuristics That Make Us Smart invites readers to embark on a new journey into a land of rationality that differs from the familiar territory of cognitive science and economics. Traditional views of rationality tend to see decision makers as possessing superhuman powers of reason, limitless knowledge, and all of eternity in which to ponder choices. To understand decisions in the real world, we need a different, more psychologically plausible notion of rationality, and this book provides it. It is about fast and frugal heuristics--simple rules for making decisions when time is pressing and deep thought an unaffordable luxury. These heuristics can enable both living organisms and artificial systems to make smart choices, classifications, and predictions by employing bounded rationality. But when and how can such fast and frugal heuristics work? Can judgments based simply on one good reason be as accurate as those based on many reasons? Could less knowledge even lead to systematically better predictions than more knowledge? Simple Heuristics explores these questions, developing computational models of heuristics and testing them through experiments and analyses. It shows how fast and frugal heuristics can produce adaptive decisions in situations as varied as choosing a mate, dividing resources among offspring, predicting high school drop out rates, and playing the stock market. As an interdisciplinary work that is both useful and engaging, this book will appeal to a wide audience. It is ideal for researchers in cognitive psychology, evolutionary psychology, and cognitive science, as well as in economics and artificial intelligence. It will also inspire anyone interested in simply making good decisions.

Download or read book Simple Heuristics in a Social World written by Ralph Hertwig and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2013 with total page 662 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This title invites readers to discover the simple heuristics that people use to navigate the complexities and surprises of environments populated with others.

Download or read book Quantum Mechanics a Philosophical Perspective written by Don Hainesworth and published by AuthorHouse. This book was released on 2019-09-17 with total page 784 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gives a comprehensive treatment on the historical discoveries and scientific developments concerning the Universe at the atomic and subatomic levels. Discussions begin with classical discoveries on the behavior of the atom to Quantum Mechanics and ends with exciting modern discoveries that are leading us to unlocking the hidden mysteries of reality. “Quantum mechanics describes the behavior of very small objects – the size of atoms or smaller – and it provides the only understanding of the world of the very small. In the world of quantum mechanics, the laws of physics that are familiar from the everyday world no longer work. Instead, events are governed by probabilities. During the time of Newton, it was thought that the Universe ran like clockwork, wound up and set in motion by the Creator, down some utterly predictable path. Newton’s classical mechanics provided plenty of support for this deterministic view of the Universe, a picture that left little place for human free will or chance. Could it really be that we are all puppets following our own preset tracks through life, with no real choice at all? Most scientists were content to let the philosophers debate that question. But it returned, with full force, at the heart of the new physics of the twentieth century.” In Search Of Schrodinger’s Cat – John Gribbin In addition, the various interpretations of quantum phenomena has led scientists and philosophers to a real possibility of finding a connection between matter and consciousness. This book contains no advanced scientific concepts, and no complicated formulas are written down for analysis. However, it does present some simple mathematical related examples in the final chapter. This is presented in order to reinforce the important ideas in QM and maintain a clear understanding of its fundamentals. It is not assumed that the reader has an understanding of Quantum Physics. Therefore the text provides the reader with enough historical and scientific information to insure his or her confidence in understanding the properties and behavior of quantum particle/wave elements.

Download or read book Heuristic Scheduling Systems written by Thomas E. Morton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1993-09-10 with total page 718 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Reflects exact and heuristic methods of scheduling techniques suitable for creating customized sequencing and scheduling systems for flexible manufacturing, project management, group and cellular manufacturing operations. Summarizes complex computational studies demonstrating how they work in practice. Contains new theories and techniques developed by the author. Includes a software disk to reinforce and practice the methods described.

Download or read book Point of View in Plays written by Dan McIntyre and published by John Benjamins Publishing. This book was released on 2006-01-01 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This is the first book-length study of how point of view is manifested linguistically in dramatic texts. It examines such issues as how readers process the shifts in viewpoint that can occur within such texts. Using insights from cognitive linguistics, the book aims to explain how the analysis of point of view in drama can be undertaken, and how this is fruitful for understanding textual and discoursal effects in this genre. Following on from a consideration of existing frameworks for the analysis of point of view, a cognitive approach to deixis is suggested as being particularly profitable for explaining the viewpoint effects that can arise in dramatic texts. To expand on the large number of examples discussed throughout the book, the penultimate chapter consists of an extended analysis of a single play. This book is relevant to scholars in a range of areas, including linguistics, literary studies and cognitive science.

Download or read book From a Transcendental semiotic Point of View written by Karl-Otto Apel and published by Manchester University Press. This book was released on 1998 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Collected together in English, Karl-Otto Apel's work covers a spectrum of philosophical issues. This work is aimed at academics and students concerned with (post-)analytical philosophy, epistemology, history of science, Heidegger's fundamental ontology, current debates about transcendental modes of argument, second-generation Frankfurt School thinkers and American pragmatists. It is also aimed at those interested in reformulations of Kantian themes and redefinitions of older ideas within the linguistic paradigm, as well as those who, being familiar with Habermas' work, wish to know more about the controversies and debates within the circle of the Frankfurt School itself.

Download or read book Contrastive Studies in Morphology and Syntax written by Michalis Georgiafentis and published by Bloomsbury Publishing. This book was released on 2020-01-23 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Using different theoretical approaches and frameworks, this book addresses a broad range of themes in contrastive linguistics, including inflection, derivation and compounding, tense, wh-questions, post-verbal subjects, focus and clitics, among others. Comparing English, German, Greek, Romance, Slavic and South Pacific languages, the book highlights the significance of the contrastive perspective for language-specific description and general interface issues, casting light on contrasts between languages at the levels of morphology and syntax. In this respect, it makes a valuable contribution to our understanding of language typology and language universals.

Download or read book International Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning written by Linden J. Ball and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-11-14 with total page 1301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Routledge International Handbook of Thinking and Reasoning is an authoritative reference work providing a balanced overview of current scholarship spanning the full breadth of the rapidly developing and expanding field of thinking and reasoning. It contains 35 chapters written by leading international researchers, covering foundational issues as well as state-of-the-art developments in thinking and reasoning research. Topics covered range across all sub-areas of thinking and reasoning, including deduction, induction, abduction, judgment, decision making, argumentation, problem solving, expertise, creativity and rationality. The contributors engage with cutting-edge debates such as the status of dual-process theories of thinking, the role of unconscious, intuitive, emotional and metacognitive processes in thinking, and the importance of probabilistic conceptualisations of thinking and reasoning. Authors also examine the importance of neuroscientific findings in informing theoretical developments, and explore the situated nature of thinking and reasoning across a range of real-world contexts such as mathematics, medicine and science. The Handbook provides a clear sense of the way in which contemporary ideas are challenging traditional viewpoints as "new paradigm of the psychology of reasoning" emerges. This paradigm-shifting research is paving the way toward a richer and more inclusive understanding of thinking and reasoning, where important new questions drive a forward-looking research agenda. It is essential reading for both established researchers in the field of thinking and reasoning as well as advanced students wishing to learn more about both the historical foundations and latest developments in this rapidly growing field.

Download or read book The Little Book of Genius written by Keith Souter and published by The History Press. This book was released on 2011-10-30 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: At any party, there's always one person who stands out from the crowd, because he or she talks more intelligently and tells better jokes than everyone else there. And everyone else wishes they were as knowledgeable and witty as that person. Thanks to Keith Souter's The Little Book of Genius, they can be, or at least appear to be. The first part, which is based on serious scientific foundations, explained in an accessible and light-hearted manner, explains some handy techniques for winning an argument, getting your point across, telling a joke and generally making the most of yourself. The second contains the essentials of what you need to know about literature, history, art, science, sport and other subjects, so that people will think you are cultured, intelligent and well-read. With the help of The Little Book of Genius, you can be the envy of everyone else at the party!

Download or read book Autobiography of a Repaired Physician written by Prospero Shimshon Shimon and published by Xlibris Corporation. This book was released on 2011-01-29 with total page 433 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Autobiography of a Repaired Physician : Mental Health as Seen from Both Sides of the Desk is a trilogy. Book I deals with my life before, during and after the emergence of an attack of bipolar disorder. The shattering consequences of the disorder and the personal history that precede it are discussed in great clinical and personal detail. My chief concern is that the reader comprehend how the past, present, and future come into play in understanding the outcome in the treatment of this destructive and deadly disease. Book II concerns the social stigma associated with having a history of the disorder and the many pitfalls clinically, psychologically and socially that exist for an individual, such as myself who is charged with the professional responsibility of caring for people suffering from similar affl ictions. Book III is about my adventures in the real world as I have seen it. It relates to the madness of our world in which the ever present and infuriating search for power prestige and possessions appear unfortunately to be the primary determinants of behavior in our society. Many of my closest friends have tried to dissuade me from writing about this issue because they feared I would be exposing myself to further social stigma. I feel strongly that those who have suffered from the destructive effects of the spectrum of bipolar disorder must know how treatment works and what pitfalls to avoid in treatment. As a physician it is my duty to heal myself and with the help of some very talented colleagues. I have been able to do just that. My struggle continues and in that sense more books will be written. I would like to especially acknowledge the help of my wife Barbara, who has stuck with me through thick and thin, and my children Miranda, Alexander and Victoria who love each other and me.

Download or read book Escape from Shadow Physics written by Adam Forrest Kay and published by Basic Books. This book was released on 2024-06-18 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An expert researcher argues for a revolutionary new understanding of quantum mechanics The received wisdom in quantum physics is that, at the deepest levels of reality, there are no actual causes for atomic events. This idea led to the outlandish belief that quantum objects—indeed, reality itself—aren’t real unless shaped by human measurement. Einstein mocked this idea, asking whether his bed spread out across his room unless he looked at it. And yet it remains one of the most influential ideas in science and our culture. In Escape from Shadow Physics, Adam Forrest Kay takes up Einstein’s torch: reality isn’t mysterious or dependent on human measurement, but predictable and independent of us. At the heart of his argument is groundbreaking research with little drops of oil. These droplets behave as particles do in the long-overlooked quantum theory of pilot waves; crucially, they showcase quantum behavior while being described by classical physics. And that classical-quantum interface points to a true understanding of quantum mechanics and a reasonable universe. A bold and essential reset of the field, Escape from Shadow Physics describes the kind of true scientific revolution that comes along just once—or less—in a century.

Download or read book Insertion Devices For Synchrotron Radiation And Free Electron Laser written by F Ciocci and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2000-06-27 with total page 380 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book describes the basic properties of charged beam transport and the theory of accelerators with radiative damping. The characteristics of the third generation synchrotron radiation sources are analyzed and compared to those of the first and second generations. This is followed by the conceptual and technological problems associated with the discovery of the fourth generation sources. Within this framework, the role played by free electron laser devices is discussed and relevant theoretical and technological aspects of storage-ring and Linac-based sources are analyzed.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Cognitive Psychology written by Ronald T. Kellogg and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2015-01-07 with total page 456 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its reader-friendly style, this concise text offers a solid introduction to the fundamental concepts of cognitive psychology. Covering neuroimaging, emotion, and cognitive development, author Ronald T. Kellogg integrates the latest developments in cognitive neuroscience for a cutting-edge exploration of the field today. With new pedagogy, relevant examples, and an expanded full-color insert, the Third Edition is sure to engage students interested in an accessible and applied approach to cognitive psychology.