Download or read book FREZCHEM2 A Chemical Thermodynamic Model for Electrolyte Solutions at subzero Temperatures written by Giles M. Marion and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book FREZCHEM2 written by Mikhail V. Mironenko and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents a Fortran version of a chemical thermodynamic model for aqueous electrolyte solutions at subzero temperatures, FREZCHEM2, which is a further development of the FREZCHEM model. The model uses thermodynamic data of Spencer-Moller- Weare that permit the calculation of chemical equilibria in the Na-K-Ca-Mg-Cl-S04-H2O system between -60 and 25 deg. C at atmospheric pressure. It applies the Gibbs energy minimization method for chemical equilibrium computation combined with Pitzer equations for activity coefficients and water activity calculation. phases.
Download or read book FREZCHEM2 A Chemical Thermodynamic Model for Electrolyte Solutions at Subzero Temperatures written by Cold Regions Research and Engineering Laboratory (U.S.) and published by . This book was released on 1997 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents a Fortran version of a chemical thermodynamic model for aqueous electrolyte solutions at subzero temperatures, FREZCHEM2, which is a further development of the FREZCHEM model. The model uses thermodynamic data of Spencer-Moller- Weare that permit the calculation of chemical equilibria in the Na-K-Ca-Mg-Cl-S04-H2O system between -60 and 25 deg. C at atmospheric pressure. It applies the Gibbs energy minimization method for chemical equilibrium computation combined with Pitzer equations for activity coefficients and water activity calculation. phases.
Download or read book FREZCHEM A Chemical Thermodynamic Model for Aqueous Solutions at Subzero Temperatures written by and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report documents a FORTRAN version of the Spencer-Moller-Weare chemical thermodynamic model for aqueous electrolyte solutions at sub-zero temperatures (FREZCHEM). FREZCHEM is structured to predict the chemical composition and unfrozen water of aqueous solutions between -60 deg and +25 deg C at atmospheric pressure (0.101325 MPa). FREZCHEM includes two reaction pathways: freezing at variable temperature and fixed total water and evaporation at variable water and fixed temperature. Activity coefficients and the activity of water are calculated using the Pitzer equations, which are valid to high solution ionic strengths (approx. 20 mol k-1). Fifteen chloride and sulfate salts of sodium, potassium, calcium, and magnesium are included in the model. Predicted and experimental measurements of solute molalities and the unfrozen water fraction during sea water freezing are in good agreement. At -50 deg C, 0.3 % of sea water remains unfrozen with 99.7% of Na and 95.5% of Cl having precipitated into one of four salts. FREZCHEM should find many applications in physicochemical studies of aqueous solutions and freezing.
Download or read book FREZCHEM written by Giles M. Marion and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 35 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Handbook of Aqueous Electrolyte Thermodynamics written by Joseph F. Zemaitis, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1986-06-15 with total page 883 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expertise in electrolyte systems has become increasingly important in traditional CPI operations, as well as in oil/gas exploration and production. This book is the source for predicting electrolyte systems behavior, an indispensable "do-it-yourself" guide, with a blueprint for formulating predictive mathematical electrolyte models, recommended tabular values to use in these models, and annotated bibliographies. The final chapter is a general recipe for formulating complete predictive models for electrolytes, along with a series of worked illustrative examples. It can serve as a useful research and application tool for the practicing process engineer, and as a textbook for the chemical engineering student.
Download or read book Handbook of Aqueous Electrolyte Thermodynamics written by Joseph F. Zemaitis, Jr. and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2010-09-16 with total page 876 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Expertise in electrolyte systems has become increasingly important in traditional CPI operations, as well as in oil/gas exploration and production. This book is the source for predicting electrolyte systems behavior, an indispensable "do-it-yourself" guide, with a blueprint for formulating predictive mathematical electrolyte models, recommended tabular values to use in these models, and annotated bibliographies. The final chapter is a general recipe for formulating complete predictive models for electrolytes, along with a series of worked illustrative examples. It can serve as a useful research and application tool for the practicing process engineer, and as a textbook for the chemical engineering student.
Download or read book Molecular Thermodynamics Of Electrolyte Solutions written by Lloyd L Lee and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2008-07-08 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The introductory textbook provides an update on electrolyte thermodynamics with a molecular perspective. It is eminently suited as an introduction to the solution thermodynamics of ionic mixtures at the undergraduate and graduate level. It is also invaluable for the understanding and design in the engineering of natural gas treating and adsorption refrigeration with electrolytes.
Download or read book The Quaternary Period in the United States written by A.R. Gillespie and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-12-17 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews advances in understanding of the past ca. two million years of Earth history - the Quaternary Period - in the United States. It begins with sections on ice and water - as glaciers, permafrost, oceans, rivers, lakes, and aquifers. Six chapters are devoted to the high-latitude Pleistocene ice sheets, to mountain glaciations of the western United States, and to permafrost studies. Other chapters discuss ice-age lakes, caves, sea-level fluctuations, and riverine landscapes. With a chapter on landscape evolution models, the book turns to essays on geologic processes. Two chapters discuss soils and their responses to climate, and wind-blown sediments. Two more describe volcanoes and earthquakes, and the use of Quaternary geology to understand the hazards they pose. The next part of the book is on plants and animals. Five chapters consider the Quaternary history of vegetation in the United States. Other chapters treat forcing functions and vegetation response at different spatial and temporal scales, the role of fire as a catalyst of vegetation change during rapid climate shifts, and the use of tree rings in inferring age and past hydroclimatic conditions. Three chapters address vertebrate paleontology and the extinctions of large mammals at the end of the last glaciation, beetle assemblages and the inferences they permit about past conditions, and the peopling of North America. A final chapter addresses the numerical modeling of Quaternary climates, and the role paleoclimatic studies and climatic modeling has in predicting future response of the Earth's climate system to the changes we have wrought.
Download or read book Cryosols written by John Kimble and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryosols – permafrost – occupy a unique part of the earth and have properties greatly different from other soils. They also occur where the greatest impact of global warming is predicted. This is the first book bring together the leading researchers in the area of permafrost soils to produce a review of the geography, cryogenic soil forming processes, ecological processes, classification and use of soils that are affected by permafrost.
Download or read book Polar Microbiology written by Robert V. Miller and published by American Society for Microbiology Press. This book was released on 2011-12-29 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sheds new light on the microbial ecology and physiology of the Earth’s polar regions. • Examines the microbial investigations during the International Polar Year of 2008 focusing on the Arctic and Antarctic, along with earlier investigations on critical environmental issues such as climate change, ozone depletion, and elemental cycling. • Offers a survey of what is known and unknown about the microbial inhabitants of polar environments, addresses the adaptations and physiology of cold-adapted microorganisms, and explores the ecological role that polar microbial communities play in biogeochemical cycling. • Presents the challenges that polar and subpolar microorganisms face and describes the lowest temperatures in which microbial life can exist—and the prospects for life on other planets. Recommended for a general microbiology audience as well as for scientists and students in all areas of biology and geomicrobiology.
Download or read book Mining in the Arctic written by L. Lorentzen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-13 with total page 321 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The proceedings of the 6th International Symposium on Mining in the Arctic, held in Greenland in 2001. The papers cover a wide variety of topics, including: mining exploration and exploitation; mining engineering and mine design; environmental impact of mining in the Arctic; and more.
Download or read book Life in the Universe written by Joseph Seckbach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year 2003 was the 50th anniversary of the seminal experiment of Stanley Miller. This was a unique opportunity for highlighting the current interest in this most interdisciplinary subject. The leading space agencies: the European Space Agency (ESA) as well as NASA, the American Space Agency, have planned missions that will elucidate some of the still unknown questions underlying research in the origin of life. New results are surpassing our ability to keep well informed: the reviews that we were presented at the Trieste meeting will bring the readers of this well-documented and timely book up to date in this fast-moving area. An important component of the conference was the review of the Cassini-Huygens mission due to arrive in the Saturn system just one year after the conference convened in Trieste. There was particular interest in the status of the experiments that will take place inside the atmosphere of Titan, the large satellite, which is a testing ground for the theories and experiments in the field of chemical evolution. The Jovian system is currently under study with the view of investigating the possibility of life underneath the frozen surface of the Galilean moon Europa; the ESA mission "Mars Express" and Mars Odyssey received special attention. Some of the world leaders in the field gathered in Trieste in September 2003 - that was a most timely date for reviewing recent data and discussing the prospects of future research.
Download or read book Modeling of Thermodynamic Properties in Biological Solutions written by Luca F. Cameretti and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2009 with total page 151 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Theoretical Prediction of the Thermodynamic Behavior of Aqueous Electrolytes at High Pressures and Temperatures written by Harold C. Helgeson and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 654 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermodynamic Properties of NaCl Solutions at Subzero Temperatures written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Thermodynamics of Electrolyte Solutions written by Lloyd L. Lee and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
