Download or read book FREZCHEM2 A Chemical Thermodynamic Model for Electrolyte Solutions at subzero Temperatures written by Giles M. Marion and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1994 with total page 44 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Quaternary Period in the United States written by A.R. Gillespie and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2003-12-17 with total page 595 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews advances in understanding of the past ca. two million years of Earth history - the Quaternary Period - in the United States. It begins with sections on ice and water - as glaciers, permafrost, oceans, rivers, lakes, and aquifers. Six chapters are devoted to the high-latitude Pleistocene ice sheets, to mountain glaciations of the western United States, and to permafrost studies. Other chapters discuss ice-age lakes, caves, sea-level fluctuations, and riverine landscapes. With a chapter on landscape evolution models, the book turns to essays on geologic processes. Two chapters discuss soils and their responses to climate, and wind-blown sediments. Two more describe volcanoes and earthquakes, and the use of Quaternary geology to understand the hazards they pose. The next part of the book is on plants and animals. Five chapters consider the Quaternary history of vegetation in the United States. Other chapters treat forcing functions and vegetation response at different spatial and temporal scales, the role of fire as a catalyst of vegetation change during rapid climate shifts, and the use of tree rings in inferring age and past hydroclimatic conditions. Three chapters address vertebrate paleontology and the extinctions of large mammals at the end of the last glaciation, beetle assemblages and the inferences they permit about past conditions, and the peopling of North America. A final chapter addresses the numerical modeling of Quaternary climates, and the role paleoclimatic studies and climatic modeling has in predicting future response of the Earth's climate system to the changes we have wrought.
Download or read book Cryosols written by John Kimble and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 748 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cryosols – permafrost – occupy a unique part of the earth and have properties greatly different from other soils. They also occur where the greatest impact of global warming is predicted. This is the first book bring together the leading researchers in the area of permafrost soils to produce a review of the geography, cryogenic soil forming processes, ecological processes, classification and use of soils that are affected by permafrost.
Download or read book Polar Microbiology written by Robert V. Miller and published by American Society for Microbiology Press. This book was released on 2011-12-29 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Sheds new light on the microbial ecology and physiology of the Earth’s polar regions. • Examines the microbial investigations during the International Polar Year of 2008 focusing on the Arctic and Antarctic, along with earlier investigations on critical environmental issues such as climate change, ozone depletion, and elemental cycling. • Offers a survey of what is known and unknown about the microbial inhabitants of polar environments, addresses the adaptations and physiology of cold-adapted microorganisms, and explores the ecological role that polar microbial communities play in biogeochemical cycling. • Presents the challenges that polar and subpolar microorganisms face and describes the lowest temperatures in which microbial life can exist—and the prospects for life on other planets. Recommended for a general microbiology audience as well as for scientists and students in all areas of biology and geomicrobiology.
Download or read book Life in the Universe written by Joseph Seckbach and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 382 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The year 2003 was the 50th anniversary of the seminal experiment of Stanley Miller. This was a unique opportunity for highlighting the current interest in this most interdisciplinary subject. The leading space agencies: the European Space Agency (ESA) as well as NASA, the American Space Agency, have planned missions that will elucidate some of the still unknown questions underlying research in the origin of life. New results are surpassing our ability to keep well informed: the reviews that we were presented at the Trieste meeting will bring the readers of this well-documented and timely book up to date in this fast-moving area. An important component of the conference was the review of the Cassini-Huygens mission due to arrive in the Saturn system just one year after the conference convened in Trieste. There was particular interest in the status of the experiments that will take place inside the atmosphere of Titan, the large satellite, which is a testing ground for the theories and experiments in the field of chemical evolution. The Jovian system is currently under study with the view of investigating the possibility of life underneath the frozen surface of the Galilean moon Europa; the ESA mission "Mars Express" and Mars Odyssey received special attention. Some of the world leaders in the field gathered in Trieste in September 2003 - that was a most timely date for reviewing recent data and discussing the prospects of future research.
Download or read book CRREL Bibliography written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Cold Aqueous Planetary Geochemistry with FREZCHEM written by Giles M. Marion and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-20 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by two of the best US researchers in the field, this text investigates issues of astrobiological relevance in the context of cold aqueous planetary geochemistry. At the core of the technical chapters is the FREZCHEM model, initially developed over many years by one of the authors to quantify aqueous electrolyte properties and chemical thermodynamics at subzero temperatures. FREZCHEM is of huge relevance to scientists in a number of fields, including biogeochemists.
Download or read book Activity Coefficients in Electrolyte Solutions written by Kenneth S. Pitzer and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-05-04 with total page 552 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book was first published in 1991. It considers the concepts and theories relating to mostly aqueous systems of activity coefficients.
Download or read book Hypersaline Environments written by Barbara J. Javor and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 337 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hypersaline environments are the principal habitats of petroleum deposition. They are also of intense evolutionary and ecological interest. This book presents a cross-disciplinary examination of the variety of halophilic microorganisms and their roles in modifying the ecology and geochemistry of hypersaline environments. The book also covers in detail the various inland and coastal habitats where halophilic microorganisms thrive. Geographically, hypersaline environments extend from the tropics to the poles, and from the terrestrial to the submarine. Organisms capable of living in such environments have faced unique evolutionary challenges.
Download or read book Solutions Minerals and Equilibria written by Robert Minard Garrels and published by Jones & Bartlett Pub. This book was released on 1990-01-01 with total page 450 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Macromolecular Synthesis and Growth written by Ronald A. Malt and published by . This book was released on 1967 with total page 290 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Planetary Scientist s Companion written by Katharina Lodders and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 1998-12-10 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientists have collected a wealth of physical and chemical data for the Sun, planets, and small bodies in our solar system, but until now this information has been scattered throughout the technical literature. The Planetary Scientist's Companion solves this problem, providing for the first time a single, extensive reference for the interdisciplinary fields of planetary science and cosmochemistry. The book begins with a summary of frequently used physical and chemical constants, unit conversion factors, properties of some compounds and minerals, thermodynamic data, partition coefficients, and useful formulas. This is followed by an overview of the solar system, including comparative data for the planets and their satellites and abundances of the elements. Much of the book is devoted to a series of chapters describing in turn the Sun, each of the planets, and the groups of small bodies (asteroids, comets, meteorites, and Kuiper Belt and Centaur objects). Each chapter includes an introduction, followed by tables of physical and chemical properties compiled from many sources, including data on planetary atmospheres, surfaces, and interiors. The book concludes with data on nearby stars, the interstellar medium, and recently discovered brown dwarfs and possible extrasolar planets, followed by a glossary. A unique and practical resource for anyone interested in contemporary planetary science and cosmochemistry, this volume is likely to be an essential tool in future research.
Download or read book Antarctic Microbiology written by E. Imre Friedmann and published by Wiley-Liss. This book was released on 1993-06-18 with total page 656 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Antarctic Microbiology The extreme climate of Antarctica — its sub-zero temperatures, low humidity, high winds, and extended light and dark periods — has limited scientists in their search for information on microbial communities there and in the surrounding oceans. Most early microbiological research was descriptive and focused on the interactions of microbial communities with physical and chemical parameters. Today, thanks to enormous improvements in technology and logistics, microbiologists can study the functional processes of microbial communities and their biological interactions. Microbiological research in Antarctica is particularly relevant in light of today’s discussions on global climate change. This volume offers an account of the microbial habitats and communities that play significant roles in the ecosystem of the Antarctic continent. Antarctic Microbiology demonstrates the explosion of new and exciting research into microbial communities, physiological rate processes, and adaptation of species at the biochemical and molecular level. This text presents new information on: sea-ice microbial processes associated with the pack ice and the ocean photosynthesis, physiology, and adaptation of cryptoendolithic communities in sandstone formations biogeochemical cycling of carbon and nitrogen in unique lake systems in the dry valleys the development of microbial communities in volcanically heated soils the possible existence of ancient microbes in glacial ice biogeochemical cycling of elements in the marine ecosystem around Antarctica. Written by an international group of experts, Antarctic Microbiology will be of interest to all microbiologists and ecologists who study the diversity of microorganisms and their marine, freshwater, and terrestrial environments.
Download or read book Evolution of Sedimantary Rocks written by Robert M. Garrels and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 397 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermodynamic Modeling of Geologic Materials written by Ian S. E. Carmichael and published by Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. This book was released on 2018-12-17 with total page 516 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Volume 17 of Reviews in Mineralogy is based on a short course, entitled "Thermodynamic Modeling of Geological Materials: Minerals, Fluids amd Melts," October 22-25, 1987, at the Wickenburg Inn near Phoenix, Arizona. Contents: Thermodynamic Analysis of Phase Equilibria in Simple Mineral Systems Models of Crystalline solutions Thermodynamics of Multicomponent Systems Containing Several Solid Solutions Thermodynamic Model for Aqueous Solutions of Liquid-like Density Models of Mineral Solubility in Concentrated Brines with Application to Field Observations Calculation of the Thermodynamic Properties of Aqueous Species and the Solubilities of Minerals in Supercritical Electrolyte Solutions Igneous Fluids Ore Fluids: Magmatic to Supergene Thermodynamic Models of Molecular Fluids at the Elevated Pressures and Temperatures of Crustal Metamorphism Mineral Solubilities and Speciation in Supercritical Metamorphic Fluids Development of Models for Multicomponent Melts: Analysis of Synthetic Systems Modeling Magmatic Systems: Thermodynamic Relations Modeling Magmatic Systems: Petrologic Applications
Download or read book Geochemistry of Sedimentary Carbonates written by J.W. Morse and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1990-08-27 with total page 725 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book covers the more basic aspects of carbonate minerals and their interaction with aqueous solutions; modern marine carbonate formation and sediments; carbonate diagenesis (early marine, meteoric and burial); the global cycle of carbon and human intervention; and the role of sedimentary carbonates as indicators of stability and changes in the Earth's surface environment. The selected subjects are presented with sufficient background information to enable the non-specialist to understand the basic chemistry involved. Tested on classes taught by the authors, and approved by the students, this comprehensive volume will prove itself to be a valuable reference source to students, researchers and professionals in the fields of oceanography, geochemistry, petrology, environmental science and petroleum geology.
Download or read book Lakes written by A. Lerman and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-04-17 with total page 369 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With contributions by numerous experts
