Download or read book Fort Smith 1817 1824 written by Edwin C. Bearss and published by . This book was released on 1962 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The History of Fort Smith 1817 1861 written by Luther Arthur Mueller and published by . This book was released on 1941 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The History of Fort Smith written by J. Fred Patton and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Historic Furnishings Report the Fort Smith Courtroom written by National Service and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-01-30 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: On September 13, 1961, Congress authorized Fort Smith National Historic Site by Public Law 87-215. According to its 1994 statement of park significance, Fort Smith National Historic Site "preserves the site of two frontier forts and the site of the Federal Court for the Western District of Arkansas, including the Indian Territory." To fulfill its obligation to Fort Smith's enabling legislation, National Park Service interpretation can be grouped into the following three periods: First Fort: continuous military occupation from 1817 to 1824, then intermittent military occupation from 1824 to 1834; Second Fort: intermittent military occupation from 1838 to 1851; continuous military occupation from 1851 to 1871 (including occupation by the Confederacy during the Civil War);Federal Court: judicial era from 1872 to 1896 In brief: the term "First Fort" refers to a fort the Army built on a bluff at the confluence of the Arkansas and Poteau Rivers. The Army occupied the first Fort Smith continuously from 1817 to 1824, then intermittently to 1834. During this 17-year period, the Army helped maintain order between two principal Indian nations, the Cherokee and the Osage. "The intermittent use of the fort from 1824 to 1838 was tied to the forced removal of the Five Tribes-Cherokee, Chickasaw, Choctaw, Creek, and Seminole-beginning in 1830."These nations were moved to lands historically occupied by the Osage. The removal of these nations provided the need to authorize a second fort. The term "Second Fort" refers to remains of a second fort slightly to the northeast of the present courtroom and jail. This second fort served primarily as a supply depot. From 1838 to 1851, the Army occupied this second Fort Smith site intermittently, and from 1851 to 1871 an army occupied the second fort continuously. The term "an army" is appropriate because during the Civil War federal and confederate armies occupied the second fort. The term "federal court" refers to the use of Army buildings as a federal court. In 1872, the year after the Army vacated Fort Smith, the U.S. Court for the Western District of Arkansas moved into the Army's former barracks building. The federal court modified the barracks into a courthouse and added a wing for a jail in 1887. The court used this federal jail until 1917. The federal government maintained control of the building until 1920. The principal figure of federal occupancy from 1875 to 1889 was Judge Isaac Charles Parker (1838-96). Judge Parker served at Fort Smith from 1875 to 1896. In 21 years on the bench, he heard more than 12,000 cases. Fort Smith NHS represents the site of the Federal Court for the Western District of Arkansas by preserving the courtroom to its appearance in 1883. In one part of this historic building (completed as a military barrack in 1851 and converted to a courtroom in 1872), visitors will view furnishings representing the building's use as a courtroom. This historic furnishings report summarizes primary evidence of objects in the courtroom for the years 1872 to 1883; it then recommends objects appropriate for a historic furnishing of the courtroom to the appearance of the room in 1883. The principal reason the report recommends 1883 as the date of interpretation is that a description of the contemporary appearance of the courtroom appears in a secondary account of a trial occurring in that year. The trial was that of Mat Music, an accused man who tried to escape during his trial by diving through a doorway to the right of Judge Parker. More detail about that trial and the newspaper description come later in this report.
Download or read book Fort Smith National Historic Site Arkansas written by C. Craig Frazier and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The History of Fort Smith 1817 Through 1992 written by Fred Patton and published by . This book was released on 1993-02-01 with total page 468 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Historic Landscape at the Fort Smith National Historic Site 1817 1896 Fort Smith Arkansas written by Roger E. Coleman and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Establishment of Fort Smith as a Military Outpost in 1817 written by Clyde F. Traylor and published by . This book was released on 1970 with total page 13 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fort Smith written by Odie B. Faulk and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fort Smith National Historic Site Arkansas written by C. Craig Frazier and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fort Smith National Historic Site Master Plan Development Concept Final Environmental Assessment EA B1 Revised General Management Plan GMP Development Concept Plan Interpretive Prospectus 1981 B3 Resource Management Plan written by and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Archeological Investigation for Construction of a Pedestrian Trail and Identification of Laundress Row written by Roger E. Coleman and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Archeological Assessment for Fort Smith National Historic Site written by Roger E. Coleman and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 82 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fort Smith Little Gibraltar on the Arkansas written by Edwin C. Bearss and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: No history of the West is complete without the story of Fort Smith, the fort that “refused to die.” Established in 1817, Fort Smith was repeatedly abandoned and reoccupied during the following fifty years, eventually becoming the mother post of the Southwest. The original fort was installed on the Arkansas River by Major William Bradford and a company of the Rifles Regiment. Bradford's mission was to stop a bloody war between the Osages and the Cherokees, a conflict discouraging the emigration of eastern Indians to the lands west of the Mississippi and thereby interfering with the government's removal policy. During the Civil War, Confederate armies at Wilson's Creek, Pea Ridge, and Prairie Grove were supplied from Fort Smith, and the Rebel force that crushed Opothleyoholo's band marched from Fort Smith. The fort was taken by Federal troops in September 1863 and served as a Union base for the remainder of the Civil War. In 1871 the army again abandoned the fort, but the Federal Court for the Western District of Arkansas soon moved in. Under Judge Isaac Parker, the renowned “Hanging Judge of Fort Smith,” the court became a force for law and order in much of Indian Territory.
Download or read book Fort Smith written by Kevin L. Jones and published by Arcadia Publishing. This book was released on 2013 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fort Smith's story reflects the growth of America. The small frontier fort, established in 1817, served as a link to the emerging West and was occupied by Federal troops until the 1870s. The US District for Western Arkansas and Indian Territory was also centered here, as judge Isaac C. Parker, attorney William H.H. Clayton, marshals Heck Thomas, Bass Reeves, Jacob Yoes, and many others sought to civilize the Wild West. Lawmen, farmers, blue-collar workers, civic leaders, and creative business owners built a hub of culture, health care, transportation, and enterprise. The evolution of Fort Chaffee since the 1940s and the addition of the Arkansas Air National Guard in the 1950s also shaped the economy and patriotism of the area. The progression in education and commerce over time reveals further success. Fort Smith's development is tied to natural resources, a drive toward the future, and its celebration of the past.
Download or read book Army Regulars on the Western Frontier 1848 1861 written by Durwood Ball and published by University of Oklahoma Press. This book was released on 2001 with total page 332 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike previous histories, this book argues that the politics of slavery profoundly influenced the western mission of the regular army - affecting the hearts and minds of officers and enlisted men both as the nation plummented toward civil war."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Fortress America written by J.E. Kaufmann and published by Da Capo Press, Incorporated. This book was released on 2004-12-13 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "A comprehensive account of North American fortifications and defense structures from colonial times to the twentieth century, supplemented by scores of remarkable photographs, technical drawings, maps, and diagrams." -- book jacket.
