Download or read book Forecasting Volatility of Oil Prices Their Effect on the Economy written by May Al- Issa and published by . This book was released on 2023-09-27 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the importance of crude oil and its effect on the macro and micro economy alike and with the fluctuations of oil prices mainly due to geopolitical reasons -speculators taking this advantage in raising the prices in 2008; forecasting crude oil volatility becomes vital. This project addresses three main areas: modelling volatility, forecasting and calculating options premiums and finally examining the effect of oil prices on the economy. Five year daily prices of OPEC, being the reference to oil prices, Brent being one of the main oil markets, BP.plc as one of the giant oil companies, and S&P500 being the important market index are obtained from different approved resources. Auto Regressive Conditional Heteroskedasticity series proved, as examined by vast number of studies in the literature reviewed; to be better in forecasting volatility in time series. GARCH and EGARCH are estimated under normality using random walk with drift for a better fit. Upon choosing the optimal models according to the Akaike and Schwartz Information Criteria; EGARCH(1,2) is of better fit to volatility for OPEC containing recent shocks to the prices, yet GARCH(1,2) and GARCH(5,4) provided almost similar results. EGARCH(1,1) proves to be yet another good model for both modelling and forecasting volatility of Brent crude returns by covering the asymmetry and the leverage effects. Options premiums calculated of 31-day forecast period using Black-Scholes model show different outcome to that obtained from Bloomberg implying the attraction of more investors to buy more profitable options since higher risk leads to higher profits. By performing the Johansen cointegration method, it is evident that oil price fluctuations have longer term relationship between OPEC and BP than between OPEC and S&P500 yet all three are in equilibrium portraying for more downturn in the economy.
Download or read book Oil Price Volatility and the Role of Speculation written by Samya Beidas-Strom and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2014-12-12 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: How much does speculation contribute to oil price volatility? We revisit this contentious question by estimating a sign-restricted structural vector autoregression (SVAR). First, using a simple storage model, we show that revisions to expectations regarding oil market fundamentals and the effect of mispricing in oil derivative markets can be observationally equivalent in a SVAR model of the world oil market à la Kilian and Murphy (2013), since both imply a positive co-movement of oil prices and inventories. Second, we impose additional restrictions on the set of admissible models embodying the assumption that the impact from noise trading shocks in oil derivative markets is temporary. Our additional restrictions effectively put a bound on the contribution of speculation to short-term oil price volatility (lying between 3 and 22 percent). This estimated short-run impact is smaller than that of flow demand shocks but possibly larger than that of flow supply shocks.
Download or read book The Distributional Implications of the Impact of Fuel Price Increases on Inflation written by Mr. Kangni R Kpodar and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2021-11-12 with total page 34 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper investigates the response of consumer price inflation to changes in domestic fuel prices, looking at the different categories of the overall consumer price index (CPI). We then combine household survey data with the CPI components to construct a CPI index for the poorest and richest income quintiles with the view to assess the distributional impact of the pass-through. To undertake this analysis, the paper provides an update to the Global Monthly Retail Fuel Price Database, expanding the product coverage to premium and regular fuels, the time dimension to December 2020, and the sample to 190 countries. Three key findings stand out. First, the response of inflation to gasoline price shocks is smaller, but more persistent and broad-based in developing economies than in advanced economies. Second, we show that past studies using crude oil prices instead of retail fuel prices to estimate the pass-through to inflation significantly underestimate it. Third, while the purchasing power of all households declines as fuel prices increase, the distributional impact is progressive. But the progressivity phases out within 6 months after the shock in advanced economies, whereas it persists beyond a year in developing countries.
Download or read book Oil Price Uncertainty written by John Elder and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The theories of investment under uncertainty and real options predict that uncertainty about, for example, oil prices will tend to depress current investment. We reinvestigate the relationship between the price of oil and investment, focusing on the role of uncertainty about oil prices. We find that volatility in oil prices has had a negative and statistically significant effect on several measures of investment, durables consumption and aggregate output. We also find that accounting for the effects of oil price volatility tends to exacerbate the negative dynamic response of economic activity to a negative oil price shock, while dampening the response to a positive oil price shock.
Download or read book Oil Prices and the Global Economy written by Mr.Rabah Arezki and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2017-01-27 with total page 30 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper presents a simple macroeconomic model of the oil market. The model incorporates features of oil supply such as depletion, endogenous oil exploration and extraction, as well as features of oil demand such as the secular increase in demand from emerging-market economies, usage efficiency, and endogenous demand responses. The model provides, inter alia, a useful analytical framework to explore the effects of: a change in world GDP growth; a change in the efficiency of oil usage; and a change in the supply of oil. Notwithstanding that shale oil production today is more responsive to prices than conventional oil, our analysis suggests that an era of prolonged low oil prices is likely to be followed by a period where oil prices overshoot their long-term upward trend.
Download or read book Oil Price Uncertainty written by Apostolos Serletis and published by World Scientific Publishing Company Incorporated. This book was released on 2012 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The relationship between the price of oil and the level of economic activity is a fundamental issue in macroeconomics. There is an ongoing debate in the literature about whether positive oil price shocks cause recessions in the United States (and other oil-importing countries), and although there exists a vast empirical literature that investigates the effects of oil price shocks, there are relatively few studies that investigate the direct effects of uncertainty about oil prices on the real economy. The book uses recent advances in macroeconomics and financial economics to investigate the effects of oil price shocks and uncertainty about the price of oil on the level of economic activity.
Download or read book Commodity Prices and Markets written by Takatoshi Ito and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2011-03 with total page 346 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fluctuations of commodity prices, most notably of oil, capture considerable attention and have been tied to important economic effects. This book advances our understanding of the consequences of these fluctuations, providing both general analysis and a particular focus on the countries of the Pacific Rim.
Download or read book World Market Price of Oil written by Adalat Muradov and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book develops new econometric models to analyze and forecast the world market price of oil. The authors construct ARIMA and Trend models to forecast oil prices, taking into consideration outside factors such as political turmoil and solar activity on the price of oil. Incorporating historical and contemporary market trends, the authors are able to make medium and long-term forecasting results. In the first chapter, the authors perform a broad spectrum analysis of the theoretical and methodological challenges of oil price forecasting. In the second chapter, the authors build and test the econometric models needed for the forecasts. The final chapter of the text brings together the conclusions they reached through applying the models to their research. This book will be useful to students in economics, particularly those in upper-level courses on forecasting and econometrics as well as to politicians and policy makers in oil-producing countries, oil importing countries, and relevant international organizations.
Download or read book Artificial Neural Network Models for Forecasting Global Oil Market Volatility written by Saud Al-Fattah and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Energy market volatility affects macroeconomic conditions and can unduly affect the economies of energy-producing countries. Large price swings can be detrimental to both producers and consumers. Market volatility can cause infrastructure and capacity investments to be delayed, employment losses, and inefficient investments. In sum, the growth potential for energy-producing countries is adversely affected. Undoubtedly, greater stability of oil prices can reduce uncertainty in energy markets, for the benefit of consumers and producers alike. Therefore, modeling and forecasting crude oil price volatility is critical in many financial and investment applications. The purpose of this paper to develop new predictive models for describing and forecasting the global oil price volatility using artificial intelligence with artificial neural network (ANN) modeling technology. Applying the novel approach of ANN, two models were successfully developed: one for WTI futures price volatility and the other for WTI spot prices volatility. These models were successfully designed, trained, verified, and tested using historical oil market data. The estimations and predictions from the ANN models closely match the historical data of WTI from January 1994 to April 2012. They appear to capture very well the dynamics and the direction of the oil price volatility. These ANN models developed in this study can be used: as short-term as well as long-term predictive tools for the direction of oil price volatility, to quantitatively examine the effects of various physical and economic factors on future oil market volatility, to understand the effects of different mechanisms for reducing market volatility, and to recommend policy options and programs incorporating mechanisms that can potentially reduce the market volatility. With this improved method for modeling oil price volatility, experts and market analysts will be able to empirically test new approaches to mitigating market volatility. The outcome of this work provides a roadmap for research to improve predictability and accuracy of energy and crude models.
Download or read book Advances in Markov Switching Models written by James D. Hamilton and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-06-29 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of state-of-the-art papers on the properties of business cycles and financial analysis. The individual contributions cover new advances in Markov-switching models with applications to business cycle research and finance. The introduction surveys the existing methods and new results of the last decade. Individual chapters study features of the U. S. and European business cycles with particular focus on the role of monetary policy, oil shocks and co movements among key variables. The short-run versus long-run consequences of an economic recession are also discussed. Another area that is featured is an extensive analysis of currency crises and the possibility of bubbles or fads in stock prices. A concluding chapter offers useful new results on testing for this kind of regime-switching behaviour. Overall, the book provides a state-of-the-art over view of new directions in methods and results for estimation and inference based on the use of Markov-switching time-series analysis. A special feature of the book is that it includes an illustration of a wide range of applications based on a common methodology. It is expected that the theme of the book will be of particular interest to the macroeconomics readers as well as econometrics professionals, scholars and graduate students. We wish to express our gratitude to the authors for their strong contributions and the reviewers for their assistance and careful attention to detail in their reports.
Download or read book Oil and the U S Macroeconomy written by Kevin L. Kliesen and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recently, some analysts and economists had warned that the U.S. economy faces a much higher risk of falling into a recession should the price of oil rise to $100 per barrel or more. In February 2008, spot crude oil prices closed above $100 per barrel for the first time ever, and they have since climbed even further. Meanwhile, according to some surveys of economists, there is a high probability that a recession in the United States began in late 2007 or early 2008. Although the findings in this paper are consistent with the view that the U.S. economy has become much less sensitive to large changes in oil prices, a simple forecasting exercise reveals that a permanent increase in the price of crude oil to $150-per barrel-by the end of 2008 would have a significant negative effect on the growth rate of real GDP in the short run. However, the exercise also predicts such an increase in oil prices would have minimal effect on future inflation.
Download or read book Machine Learning for Asset Management written by Emmanuel Jurczenko and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2020-10-06 with total page 460 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This new edited volume consists of a collection of original articles written by leading financial economists and industry experts in the area of machine learning for asset management. The chapters introduce the reader to some of the latest research developments in the area of equity, multi-asset and factor investing. Each chapter deals with new methods for return and risk forecasting, stock selection, portfolio construction, performance attribution and transaction costs modeling. This volume will be of great help to portfolio managers, asset owners and consultants, as well as academics and students who want to improve their knowledge of machine learning in asset management.
Download or read book Non Linear Time Series Models in Empirical Finance written by Philip Hans Franses and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2000-07-27 with total page 299 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This 2000 volume reviews non-linear time series models, and their applications to financial markets.
Download or read book Crude Volatility written by Robert McNally and published by Columbia University Press. This book was released on 2017-01-17 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As OPEC has loosened its grip over the past ten years, the oil market has been rocked by wild price swings, the likes of which haven't been seen for eight decades. Crafting an engrossing journey from the gushing Pennsylvania oil fields of the 1860s to today's fraught and fractious Middle East, Crude Volatility explains how past periods of stability and volatility in oil prices help us understand the new boom-bust era. Oil's notorious volatility has always been considered a scourge afflicting not only the oil industry but also the broader economy and geopolitical landscape; Robert McNally makes sense of how oil became so central to our world and why it is subject to such extreme price fluctuations. Tracing a history marked by conflict, intrigue, and extreme uncertainty, McNally shows how—even from the oil industry's first years—wild and harmful price volatility prompted industry leaders and officials to undertake extraordinary efforts to stabilize oil prices by controlling production. Herculean market interventions—first, by Rockefeller's Standard Oil, then, by U.S. state regulators in partnership with major international oil companies, and, finally, by OPEC—succeeded to varying degrees in taming the beast. McNally, a veteran oil market and policy expert, explains the consequences of the ebbing of OPEC's power, debunking myths and offering recommendations—including mistakes to avoid—as we confront the unwelcome return of boom and bust oil prices.
Download or read book Oil Prices to 2000 written by Michael C. Lynch and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Forecasting the Volatility of Stock Market and Oil Futures Market written by Dexiang Mei and published by Scientific Research Publishing, Inc. USA. This book was released on 2020-12-17 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The volatility has been one of the cores of the financial theory research, in addition to the stock markets and the futures market are an important part of modern financial markets. Forecast volatility of the stock market and oil futures market is an important part of the theory of financial markets research.
Download or read book Food Price Volatility and Its Implications for Food Security and Policy written by Matthias Kalkuhl and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-04-12 with total page 620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides fresh insights into concepts, methods and new research findings on the causes of excessive food price volatility. It also discusses the implications for food security and policy responses to mitigate excessive volatility. The approaches applied by the contributors range from on-the-ground surveys, to panel econometrics and innovative high-frequency time series analysis as well as computational economics methods. It offers policy analysts and decision-makers guidance on dealing with extreme volatility.
