Download or read book Food Pesticide Residues Monitoring and Health Risk Assessment written by Guangyang Liu and published by . This book was released on 2024-02-29 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide residue and food safety problems have become concerns that need to be addressed all over the world. This reprint presents recent developments in pesticide residue monitoring and risk assessment in food and contains studies and reviews involving the pre-treatment of pesticide residues in food and detection methods for and the risk assessment of these residues.
Download or read book Pesticide Residues in Food and Drinking Water written by Denis Hamilton and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2004-03-26 with total page 388 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book explores human exposure and consumer risk assessment in response to issues surrounding pesticide residues in food and drinking water. All the three main areas of consumer risk assessment including human toxicology, pesticide residue chemistry and dietary consumption are brought together and discussed. Includes the broader picture - the environmental fate of pesticides Takes an international approach with contributors from the European Union, USA and Australia Highlights the increasing concerns over food safety and the risks to humans
Download or read book Food Safety Assessment Of Pesticide Residues written by Arpad Ambrus and published by World Scientific. This book was released on 2017-01-05 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticides are now accepted as an integral part of modern agricultural production. This book provides analysis of the steps taken by national and international bodies working towards a cohesive global strategy for evaluating the safety of residues in food that result from approved pesticide uses. Also described is the role of the UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO) and Codex Alimentarius in developing standards that protect the health of the consumers and ensure fair practices in the food trade. It goes on to look at the promotion of good agricultural practice in the use of pesticides and the need for control in their practical use. These include sampling, testing the compliance of marketed products against legal limits and verifying the effectiveness of the safety-based regulatory measures. This is a specialist book for those looking to go into the field of international food safety, for students and lecturers studying the topic, for policy makers working on public health and agricultural issues, and personnel responsible for taking samples and performing the analysis of pesticide formulations and residues.
Download or read book Pesticide Residues in Food 2005 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2006 with total page 11 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (Published by WHO. Available from FAO only by standing order together with Part I - Residues). This volume contains toxicological monographs that were prepared by the 2005 Joint FAO/WHO Meeting on Pesticide Residues (JMPR), which met in Geneva from 20-29 September, 2005. The monographs in this volume summarize the safety data on 15 pesticides that could leave residues in food commodities. These pesticides are acephate, azocyclotin, benalaxyl, carbendazim, chlorpropham, clofentezine, cyhexatin, dimethanamid-P/racemic dimethenamid, ethoxyquin, fenhexamid, imazalil, indoxacarb, novaluron, propamocarb and sulfuryl fluoride. The data summarized in the toxicological monographs served as the basis for the acceptable daily intakes and acute reference doses that were established by the Meeting.
Download or read book Guide to develop and strengthen national pesticide residue monitoring programmes written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2022-01-27 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Countries in Asia and the Pacific region recognize the need to have a comprehensive framework for pesticide residue management through science-based risk assessment, management and communication. The framework incorporates a range of functions and activities including pesticide registration, Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) setting, approval of a pesticide product label, farmer education, pesticide control-of-use regulation, food traceability, verification of Good Agricultural Practice (GAP), national pesticide residue monitoring programmes, facilitation of trade and market access, traceback investigation and pesticide review. The frameworks tend to be operated as a continuum seeking ongoing improvement in GAP and enhancements to food safety. A sound pesticide residue framework does not rely only on residue monitoring but importantly includes at the very least pesticide registration, chemical control of-use, traceback investigation and a chemical review process. An increasing focus on harmonization of the pesticide risk management framework elements including the setting of MRLs is a key strategy to assist countries in the region. FAO received an official request from the ASEAN Health Cluster 4: Ensuring Food Safety (AHC4) to assist in developing the basis for countries to implement effective pesticide residue monitoring systems which are in line with the overall framework of the ASEAN food safety policy. Noting the broad spectrum of pesticide risk management frameworks present in the ASEAN countries, AHC4 and FAO worked collaboratively to develop this regional guide, which is based on an in-depth situation analysis of the ASEAN countries in terms of their capacities and knowledge levels.The present guide provides practical solutions and management options for countries at different capacity levels to develop or strengthen effective pesticide residue monitoring systems.
Download or read book Cumulative Risks from Combined Exposure to Multiple Pesticide Residues in Fruit and Vegetables written by Hilko van der Voet and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 37 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Cumulative intake of mixtures of pesticide residues through consumption of fruits and vegetables can lead to health risks that are not controlled under the current EU system using only the maximum residue limit (MRL) and acute reference dose (ARfD) for single substances on single food products. In a collaboration between the European Commission, the European Food Safety Authority and member states, methods have been developed to implement Regulation (EC) No 1107/2009 that states that plant protection products should not have harmful health effects, also taking into account possible cumulative and synergistic effects. These methods have been implemented in the Monte Carlo Risk Assessment (MCRA) software which is available for national and European public institutions to perform pesticides mixture risk assessment. This report describes a web portal that was developed to allow cumulative risk assessment by the Dutch private vegetable and fruit sector organised in the Foundation Food Compass using MCRA with the monitoring data collected in the Food Compass database. A case study was performed to combine Food Compass monitoring data from the years 2013-2020 with consumption data of children from the Dutch national food consumption survey. The main interest was to assess the risk of cumulative exposure due to the combined intake of multiple pesticide residues in their diet. If potential risks were observed, it was of interest to know which residues and foods contributed to such risks and if there were trends over the period of the monitoring. The results of the cumulative assessments were compared to an analysis of limit value exceedances at the level of single measurement results. The results presented in this report are provisional due to insufficient availability of data. Some of the analytical scopes in the Food Compass database could not be linked appropriately to the active substance groups used for cumulative risk assessment. Food processing steps, such as peeling or juicing of citrus fruits, are expected to reduce residue levels, but the collection of processing factors to account for this in the calculations was incomplete. Limit values are sometimes changed, and recently artificially low limit values were introduced in the sectoral system to generate alerts for substances which have been classified as genotoxic. Such data will then also have an artificial impact on the cumulative assessments. The conventional analysis of single residue measurements showed that 1-3% of residue levels exceeded the MRL throughout the period 2013-2020. However, the frequency of conservatively estimated exceedances of the ARfD using the PRIMo 3.1 model decreased from around 3% to below 1% in the same period. It was also found that ARfD exceedances did often occur without an associated MRL exceedance. The cumulative assessments indicated that the probability of a critical acute exposure was estimated to be in the range 0.1- 0.4% during the period 2013-2019 (the results for 2020 were affected by an artificial low ARfD value and are therefore not useful to estimate real risk). Nevertheless, the main identified risk drivers were occurrences of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl in some citrus fruit products such as juices for which no account of processing effects was included in the assessment due to lack of validated data. Including validated processing factors for citrus fruit products as they are consumed in practice will result in more realistic critical probabilities which are expected to be lower. It is planned to update the current trend analysis in further work.
Download or read book Demonstration of a Tool to Assess Cumulative Risks from Combined Exposure to Multiple Pesticide Residues in Fruits and Vegetables written by Johannes Kruisselbrink and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report presents the IPGF tool for performing risk calculations based on the pesticide residues monitoring data collected by the Dutch private vegetable and fruit sector organised in the Foundation Food Compass. The IPGF tool is an online platform, where IPGF is the acronym of Impactanalyse Pesticiden in Groenten en Fruit (impact analysis of pesticides in fruit and vegetables). The tool is developed to allow the Dutch private sector to perform cumulative risk calculations for pesticides in fruit and vegetables using a secure web service connection with the publicly developed Monte Carlo Risk Assessment (MCRA) web platform that is available at the Dutch national institute for public health and the environment (RIVM) and is the selected platform of the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) for pesticide cumulative risk assessments. In addition to the cumulative risk calculations, the IPGF tool can also evaluate per-substance indicators based on legal requirements regarding the maximum residue limits (MRL) and acute reference doses (ARfDs), and it can evaluate compliance with private retail requirements of Dutch retailers. The potential of the IPGF tool is demonstrated in an artificial case study in which the Food Compass monitoring data of the years 2013-2021 were analysed. For each year in this period, the various occurrence, exposure and risk indicators were evaluated. Also a comparative analysis was done over all the years to obtain insights in possible trends. The results provide insight in the steps towards future use of the tool by the Dutch private sector as part of the food safety monitoring program. The report concludes with suggestions for further implementation.
Download or read book The Use of Drugs in Food Animals written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1999-01-12 with total page 276 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The use of drugs in food animal production has resulted in benefits throughout the food industry; however, their use has also raised public health safety concerns. The Use of Drugs in Food Animals provides an overview of why and how drugs are used in the major food-producing animal industriesâ€"poultry, dairy, beef, swine, and aquaculture. The volume discusses the prevalence of human pathogens in foods of animal origin. It also addresses the transfer of resistance in animal microbes to human pathogens and the resulting risk of human disease. The committee offers analysis and insight into these areas: Monitoring of drug residues. The book provides a brief overview of how the FDA and USDA monitor drug residues in foods of animal origin and describes quality assurance programs initiated by the poultry, dairy, beef, and swine industries. Antibiotic resistance. The committee reports what is known about this controversial problem and its potential effect on human health. The volume also looks at how drug use may be minimized with new approaches in genetics, nutrition, and animal management.
Download or read book Pesticide Residues in Food written by and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pesticide Veterinary and Other Residues in Food written by David Watson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-08-19 with total page 705 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This wide-ranging text reviews the wealth of recent research on assessing and managing the risks from pesticide, veterinary and other chemical residues in food. After an introductory chapter on the key issues in food toxicology,Part one covers the assessment and management of risks, with individual chapters on genetic susceptibility to dietary carcinogens, good agricultural practice and HACCP systems, targeted and rapid methods for analysing residues in food and ways of assessing the mutagenicity of chemicals in food. Part two looks at veterinary residues, covering their safety, toxicology and detection. Part three examines pesticides, with chapters on surveillance and detection methods for fungicides and herbicides. In the final part, there are chapters summarising a wide range of other chemical residues in food, from xenostrogens/endocrine disruptors and dietary estrogens to polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, dioxins and polychlorinated biphenyls.Pesticide, veterinary and other residues in food is a standard reference for all those concerned with ensuring the safety of food. - Reviews residue detection, risk assessment and risk management - Extensive coverage of chemical residues - Indispensable resource for all food producers
Download or read book The 2010 European Union Report on Pesticide Residues in Food written by European Food Safety Authority and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 808 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This report presents the results of the control of pesticide residues in food commodities sampled during the calendar year 2010 in the 27 EU Member States and two EFTA countries (Iceland and Norway). The report also comprises the outcome of the consumer risk assessment of pesticide residues. EFSA presents for the first time the results of a pilot cumulative risk assessment (CRA) to multiple chemical residues. Finally, the report provides some recommendations aimed at the improvement of the future monitoring programmes and the enforcement of the European pesticide residue legislation. In total, more than 77,000 samples of approximately 500 different types of food (raw or processed) were analysed for pesticide residues by national competent authorities. Considering the results concerning both the national and the EU-coordinated programmes, the total number of analytical determinations reported among all the countries amounted to more than 14 million. The results of the EU-coordinated programme for 2010 showed that 1.6% of total samples analysed exceeded the European legal limits (MRLs). EFSA concluded that the long-term exposure of consumers did not raise health concerns. In assessing the short-term exposure, the pesticide monitoring results revealed that a risk could not be excluded for 79 samples concerning 30 different pesticides if the pertinent food was consumed in high amounts. The results of the CRA are considered indicative as the work on establishing which groups of pesticides are expected to share the same toxicological effects is not yet complete and the final methodological approach needs to be further elaborated. The outcome of the pilot CRA demonstrated that the exposure calculations are affected by significant uncertainties, mainly related to the analytical results reported as 'non-detected'. The methodology used in this pilot exercise will be further revised to reduce the uncertainties of the exposure assessment."--Editor.
Download or read book Safety of Pesticides in Food written by United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Health and the Environment and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: This hearing addresses the Safety of Pesticides in Food Act of 1991. This bill addresses the persistent problem of pesticide residues in foods, as pesticides are the major chemical hazard in the food supply.
Download or read book Multiresidue Methods for the Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Food written by Horacio Heinzen and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-10-10 with total page 531 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the last decades the public concern on the pesticide residues content in foods have been steadily rising. The global development of food trade implies that aliments from everywhere in the world can reach the consumer`s table. Therefore, the identification of agricultural practices that employ different pesticides combinations and application rates to protect produce must be characterized, as they left residues that could be noxious to human health. However, the possible number of pesticides (and its metabolites of toxicological relevance) to be found in a specific commodity is almost 1500, and the time needed to analyze them one by one, makes this analytical strategy a unrealistic task. To overcome this problem, the concept of Multi Residue Methods (MRM) for the analysis of pesticide traces have been developed. The advent of new and highly sensitive instrumentation, based in hyphenatedchromatographic systems to coupled mass analyzers (XC (MS/MS) or MSn) permitted simultaneously the identification and the determination of up to hundreds of pesticide residues in a single chromatographic run. Multiresidue Methods for the Analysis of Pesticide Residues in Food presents the analytical procedures developed in the literature, as well as those currently employed in the most advanced laboratories that perform routinely Pesticide Residue Analysis in foods. In addition to these points, the regulations, guidelines and recommendations from the most important regulatory agencies of the world on the topic will be commented and contrasted.
Download or read book Pesticide Residues in Foods written by W. George Fong and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1999-01-29 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in analytical chemistry methodology now allow us to detect the most minute trace amounts of pesticides. As this capacity grows, so does public concern about toxic contamination, resulting in stricter government regulations and a growing demand for even more sensitive, precise, and reliable analysis. Addressing the interplay between regulations and the development of analytical technology, this volume presents the first unified treatment of the regulatory and analytical aspects of pesticide residues. Current regulations, existing and emerging methodologies, state-of-the-art instrumentation, and the basic science of analyzing for pesticides in food and other environmental media are all covered. The book provides step-by-step guidelines to analytical techniques, along with real-world examples from the latest research-showing the reader how to analyze minute traces of pesticides quickly and accurately, using both highly sophisticated and basic, less sensitive techniques. Many safety issues are explored in depth, as are the regulatory aspects of pesticide registration, residue analysis, exposure monitoring, risk assessment, and tolerance enforcement. Timely, authoritative, and practical throughout, Pesticide Residues in Foods is an invaluable reference for analytical chemists and laboratory managers everywhere-in industry, agriculture, environmental sciences, research, and instrument manufacturing-and for anyone with an interest in the broader environmental, agricultural, and consumer-related implications of pesticide use. An invaluable resource for analytical chemists and laboratory managers, Pesticide Residues in Foods provides a complete overview of the theory, practice, and regulatory aspects of pesticide residue analysis today, including: * All regulatory issues, from risk assessment and tolerance to data-quality requirements to laboratory accreditation standards * State-of-the-art methodologies and instrumentation, including high- performance liquid chromatography and mass spectrometry * The application of analytical technology to "green chemistry," such as the reduction of solvents and toxic reagents in the laboratory * Novel solutions to the old problem of keeping the food supply safe from harmful levels of pesticides * Ample examples to help analytical chemists select the most appropriate method for a given residue analysis * Easy-to-use tables and figures throughout the text
Download or read book Pesticides in Soil and Water written by W. D. Guenzi and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 592 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide-clay-water interactions; Pesticide organic matter interactions; Movement of pesticides in soil; Movement of pesticides in surface water; Volatilization of pesticides; nonbiological degradation of pesticides; Degradation of pesticides by soil microorganisms; Persistence of pesticides in soil; Effects of soil on the biological activity of pesticides; Plant uptake of insecticides, fungicides, and fumigants from soils; Effects of pesticides on microorganisms in soil and water; Effects of pesticides on nontarget invertebrates in freshwater and soil; Prevention and detoxification of pesticide residues in soil; Removal of organic pesticides from water to improve quality; Extraction and analytical techniques for pesticides in soil, sediment, and water.
Download or read book Exposure and Risk Assessment of Pesticide Use in Agriculture written by Claudio Colosio and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-11-25 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Exposure and Risk Assessment of Pesticide Use in Agriculture: Approaches, Tools and Advances offers an overview of the different methods available in toxicology for pesticide exposure and risk assessment, ranging from the regulatory field, to in-field research studies. The book provides technical background on each method, describing known and grounded tools, new uses of tools and development prospects. This book is ideal for researchers in pesticide toxicology, exposure toxicology, toxicologic risk assessment, occupational hygiene and medicine, and pesticide toxicology as well as occupational health and industrial hygiene practitioners, regulatory experts of corporate and public bodies, and advanced students. Covers pesticide exposure and risk assessment, ranging from fundamentals to advanced theory Explains methods that are useful for both experts and non-experts Details the use of each method for exposure and risk assessment, also including links to additional resources and further reading
Download or read book Risk Management and Food Safety written by Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1997 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Risk analysis is widely recognised as the fundamental methodology underlying the development of food safety standards. As recognised in the 1995 consultation, risk analysis is composed of three separate but integrated elements, namely risk assessment, risk management and risk communication. That consultation recognised risk communication as an interactive process of exchange of information and opinion on risk among risk assessors, risk managers, and other interested parties. Risk management is defined within Codex as the process of weighing policy alternatives in the light of the results of risk assessment and, if required, selecting and implementing appropriate control options, including regulatory measures. The outcome of the risk management process, as undertaken by Committees within the Codex Alimentarius system, is the development of standards, guidelines and other recommendations for food safety, m the national situation it is likely that different risk management decisions could be made according to different criteria and different ranges of risk management options. The overall objective of Codex is to ensure consumer protection and to facilitate international trade.
