Download or read book Fluid Injection in Deformable Geological Formations written by B. Loret and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book offers an introduction to the geomechanical issues raised by both the extraction of actual and potential energy resources, and by the treatment of the ensuing environmental concerns. Discussions of the operations of injection of fluids into, and withdrawal from, geological formations link the chapters, each devoted to a particular technical aspect or scientific issue, or to a particular energy resource.Subjects are ordered according to their industrial applications, including enhanced oil and gas recovery, gas hydrates, enhanced geothermal systems, hydraulic fracturing, and carbon dioxide sequestration. An overview of the industrial, research and simulation aspects for each subject is provided. Fluid Injection in Deformable Geological Formations will be of interest to academic and industrial researchers in a wide variety of fields, including computational mechanics, civil engineering, geotechnical engineering and geomechanics, engineering seismology, petroleum engineering, reservoir engineering, and engineering geology. "--

Download or read book Fluid Injection in Deformable Geological Formations written by Benjamin Loret and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-10-06 with total page 758 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers an introduction to the geomechanical issues raised by both the extraction of actual and potential energy resources, and by the treatment of the ensuing environmental concerns. Discussions of the operations of injection of fluids into, and withdrawal from, geological formations link the chapters, each devoted to a particular technical aspect or scientific issue, or to a particular energy resource. Subjects are ordered according to their industrial applications, including enhanced oil and gas recovery, gas hydrates, enhanced geothermal systems, hydraulic fracturing, and carbon dioxide sequestration. An overview of the industrial, research and simulation aspects for each subject is provided. Fluid Injection in Deformable Geological Formations will be of interest to academic and industrial researchers in a wide variety of fields, including computational mechanics, civil engineering, geotechnical engineering and geomechanics, engineering seismology, petroleum engineering, reservoir engineering, and engineering geology.

Download or read book Geomechanics of Fluid Injection in Geological Reservoirs written by Kamelia Atefi Monfared and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerous petroleum engineering, mining, and enhanced geothermal energy operations involve cyclic ‎injection of fluids into geological formations. Geomechanics of injection operations in weakly ‎consolidated or unconsolidated reservoirs is complex, and means for analyzing the involved physical ‎processes are limited. The key feature that must be considered is parting of the formation during ‎injection, which occurs at near zero effective stresses when strength and stiffness of the medium ‎become effectively zero. Even if peculiarities of the granular media behavior at near zero effective ‎stresses are disregarded and a highly idealized Mohr-Coulomb behavior coupled with constant ‎permeability Darcy flow is assumed, the injection problem is still highly challenging. This type of ‎poroplastic formulation remains analytically intractable even for simplest geometries. Numerical ‎computations are highly challenging as well, due to high fluid-solid matrix stiffness contrast. ‎ Much effort has been devoted thus far to understand soil-fluid interactions in geological reservoirs ‎triggered by borehole excavation and production operations. With regards to injection operations ‎however, practically no comprehensive study has been performed to access the fundamental ‎geomechanical processes involved. Previous attempts to evaluate injection operations mainly ‎concentrate on describing fracture growth in hard brittle formations. In principle, the geomechanical ‎processes prior to fracture initiation are particularly complicated in weakly consolidated strata. This ‎dissertation presents analytical solutions and numerical models to examine geomechanics of high ‎pressure fluid injection in conditions when flow rates are high enough to induce plasticity yet not ‎parting of the formation. The study considers injection through a fully-penetrating vertical wellbore ‎into an isotropic, homogeneous unconsolidated geological layer confined between impermeable seal ‎rock layers. Axisymmetric conditions are assumed. The main objective is to evaluate the time ‎dependent geomechanical response of the unconsolidated reservoir in such conditions focusing on ‎failure mechanisms and permanent changes in stress conditions around the injection area. Results of ‎this research makes it possible to address the issue of integrity of confining strata, facilitate assessments ‎of potential leakage areas, and offer aid for optimization of injection operations as well as in ‎formulating monitoring strategies.‎ First, rock-fluid interactions are evaluated prior to the state where limiting shear resistance is ‎reached during injection. Unlike previous studies, impacts of vertical confinement governed by the ‎stiffness of the overburden layer are incorporated. The Winkler spring model approximation is ‎implemented to describe the response of the confining strata in the plane perpendicular to the reservoir. ‎New poroelastic analytical solutions are derived to describe evolution of stress and strain components in ‎time as a function of induced pore pressures. Solutions are verified against fully-coupled numerical ‎models designed in this study. Next, novel insights into the geomechanics of parting in various stress ‎regimes is offered via a comprehensive assessment of stress perturbations surrounding vertical injection ‎wellbores. A thorough sensitivity analysis is conducted to examine the effect of vertical confinement ‎and rock-fluid characteristic parameters on the reservoir response in the wellbore vicinity. Results ‎demonstrate a notable impact of seal rock stiffness on the near wellbore rock behavior in formations ‎with high intrinsic permeability (typically exceeding 0.05 Darcy). The study shows that the key ‎parameter controlling the injection process in the poroelastic regime is the ratio of the overburden ‎Winkler stiffness to the reservoir's bulk modulus, with the Winkler parameter reflecting the seal rock ‎stiffness. When this ratio approaches unity, practically no shear stress is induced in the reservoir while ‎for ratios exceeding unity, deviatoric stresses gradually increase. In situations when the stiffness ratio is ‎below unity, the porous formations can behave in a rather complicated manner depending on the initial ‎stress regime where redirection of the minimal principal stress occurs from a horizontal to a vertical ‎plane. Sensitivity analyses reveal that at the same injection rate rock failure occur more rapidly in ‎conditions of higher stress anisotropy, higher elastic moduli, lower permeability, higher degree of rock-‎fluid coupling, and a higher vertical confinement.‎ Next, rock-fluid interactions are evaluated in an unconsolidated reservoir formation confined ‎between two stiff seal rock layers subjected to injection pressures high enough to induce plasticity yet ‎not parting of the formation. The injection process is first examined numerically by constructing a ‎fluid-coupled poro-elasto-plastic model in which propagation of the significant influence zone ‎surrounding the injection borehole is quantified by the extent of the plastic domain. A comprehensive ‎assessment of stresses, pore pressures, as well as failure planes is carried out throughout an entire ‎transient state of an injection cycle, at steady state, and also during the shut-in period. The numerical ‎solution describes five distinct zones evolving with time around the injection well and corresponding to ‎different stress states: liquefaction at the wellbore followed by three inner plastic domains where ‎directions of major principal stress changes from vertical to radial and failure planes change accordingly. ‎The plastic domains are followed by a region where stress states remain in the elastic range. Failure ‎mechanisms at the wellbore is found to be in shear initially, followed by development of a state of zero ‎effective stress, i.e. liquefaction. Next, a novel methodology is proposed based on which new weakly-‎coupled poro-elasto-plastic analytical solutions are derived for the stress/strain components during ‎injection. Unlike previous studies, extension of the plastic zone is obtained as a function of injection ‎pressure, incorporating the plasticity effects around the injection well. The derived loosely-coupled ‎solutions are proven to be good approximations of fully-coupled numerical models. These solutions ‎offer a significant advantage over numerical computations as the run time of a fully-coupled numerical ‎model is exceedingly long (requiring about six months for 661 million time computational steps using ‎FLAC3D 3.0 code on Intel® i7 3.33 GHz CPU).‎ The final part of this dissertation includes a brief chapter on the post-injection behavior of ‎unconsolidated reservoir formations confined with stiff seal rock layers. Pore pressure dissipation, stress ‎variations, and the transition behavior of the plastic domain surrounding the injection wellbore to an ‎elastic state are numerically evaluated. Results offer an original insight into the permanent ‎geomechanical effects of injection operations in such formations. ‎.

Download or read book Modeling of Fluid Injection for Hydraulic Fracturing Initiation in Porous Rock Formations written by Krishna Adhikari and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Computational Multiphase Geomechanics written by Fusao Oka and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-21 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Numerical methods are very powerful tools for use in geotechnical engineering, particularly in computational geotechnics. Interest is strong in the new field of multi-phase nature of geomaterials, and the area of computational geotechnics is expanding. Alongside their companion volume Computational Modeling of Multiphase Geomaterials (CRC Press, 2012), Fusao Oka and Sayuri Kimoto cover recent progress in several key areas, such as air-water-soil mixture, cyclic constitutive models, anisotropic models, noncoaxial models, gradient models, compaction bands (a form of volumetric strain localization and strain localization under dynamic conditions), and the instability of unsaturated soils. The text also includes applications of computational modeling to large-scale excavation of ground, liquefaction analysis of levees during earthquakes, methane hydrate development, and the characteristics of contamination using bentonite. The erosion of embankments due to seepage flow is also presented.

Download or read book Modeling Phenomena of Flow and Transport in Porous Media written by Jacob Bear and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-01-25 with total page 742 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents and discusses the construction of mathematical models that describe phenomena of flow and transport in porous media as encountered in civil and environmental engineering, petroleum and agricultural engineering, as well as chemical and geothermal engineering. The phenomena of transport of extensive quantities, like mass of fluid phases, mass of chemical species dissolved in fluid phases, momentum and energy of the solid matrix and of fluid phases occupying the void space of porous medium domains are encountered in all these disciplines. The book, which can also serve as a text for courses on modeling in these disciplines, starts from first principles and focuses on the construction of well-posed mathematical models that describe all these transport phenomena.

Download or read book Geological Storage of CO2 in Deep Saline Formations written by Auli Niemi and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-02-24 with total page 567 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers readers a comprehensive overview, and an in-depth understanding, of suitable methods for quantifying and characterizing saline aquifers for the geological storage of CO2. It begins with a general overview of the methodology and the processes that take place when CO2 is injected and stored in deep saline-water-containing formations. It subsequently presents mathematical and numerical models used for predicting the consequences of CO2 injection. This book provides descriptions of relevant experimental methods, from laboratory experiments to field scale site characterization and techniques for monitoring spreading of the injected CO2 within the formation. Experiences from a number of important field injection projects are reviewed, as are those from CO2 natural analog sites. Lastly, the book presents relevant risk management methods. Geological storage of CO2 is widely considered to be a key technology capable of substantially reducing the amount of CO2 released into the atmosphere, thereby reducing the negative impacts of such releases on the global climate. Around the world, projects are already in full swing, while others are now being initiated and executed to demonstrate the technology. Deep saline formations are the geological formations considered to hold the highest storage potential, due to their abundance worldwide. To date, however, these formations have been relatively poorly characterized, due to their low economic value. Accordingly, the processes involved in injecting and storing CO2 in such formations still need to be better quantified and methods for characterizing, modeling and monitoring this type of CO2 storage in such formations must be rapidly developed and refined.

Download or read book Rock Engineering and Rock Mechanics Structures in and on Rock Masses written by R. Alejano and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2014-05-12 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Rock Engineering and Rock Mechanics: Structures in and on Rock Masses covers the most important topics and state-of-the-art in the area of rock mechanics, with an emphasis on structures in and on rock masses. The 255 contributions (including 6 keynote lectures) from the 2014 ISRM European Rock Mechanics Symposium (EUROCK 2014, Vigo, Spain, 27-29 Ma

Download or read book Rock Fractures and Fluid Flow written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-08-27 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scientific understanding of fluid flow in rock fracturesâ€"a process underlying contemporary earth science problems from the search for petroleum to the controversy over nuclear waste storageâ€"has grown significantly in the past 20 years. This volume presents a comprehensive report on the state of the field, with an interdisciplinary viewpoint, case studies of fracture sites, illustrations, conclusions, and research recommendations. The book addresses these questions: How can fractures that are significant hydraulic conductors be identified, located, and characterized? How do flow and transport occur in fracture systems? How can changes in fracture systems be predicted and controlled? Among other topics, the committee provides a geomechanical understanding of fracture formation, reviews methods for detecting subsurface fractures, and looks at the use of hydraulic and tracer tests to investigate fluid flow. The volume examines the state of conceptual and mathematical modeling, and it provides a useful framework for understanding the complexity of fracture changes that occur during fluid pumping and other engineering practices. With a practical and multidisciplinary outlook, this volume will be welcomed by geologists, petroleum geologists, geoengineers, geophysicists, hydrologists, researchers, educators and students in these fields, and public officials involved in geological projects.

Download or read book Site Assessment and Remediation Handbook written by Martin N. Sara and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2003-06-27 with total page 1161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Completely revised and updated, the Second Edition of Site Assessment and Remediation Handbook provides coverage of new procedures and technologies for an expanded range of site investigations. With over 700 figures, tables, and flow charts, the handbook is a comprehensive resource for engineers, geologists, and hydrologists conducting site investi

Download or read book Rock Joints written by Nick Barton and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1990-01-01 with total page 844 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Proceedings of the International Symposium on Rock Joints held at Loen, Norway, June 1990. Subjects include geological aspects of joint origin and morphology, mechanical behaviour such as shear strength, hydraulic behaviour, and dynamic behaviour.

Download or read book Analytical Methods in Petroleum Upstream Applications written by Cesar Ovalles and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2015-04-02 with total page 1351 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Effective measurement of the composition and properties of petroleum is essential for its exploration, production, and refining; however, new technologies and methodologies are not adequately documented in much of the current literature. Analytical Methods in Petroleum Upstream Applications explores advances in the analytical methods and instrumentation that allow more accurate determination of the components, classes of compounds, properties, and features of petroleum and its fractions. Recognized experts explore a host of topics, including: A petroleum molecular composition continuity model as a context for other analytical measurements A modern modular sampling system for use in the lab or the process area to collect and control samples for subsequent analysis The importance of oil-in-water measurements and monitoring The chemical and physical properties of heavy oils, their fractions, and products from their upgrading Analytical measurements using gas chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) applications Asphaltene and heavy ends analysis Chemometrics and modeling approaches for understanding petroleum composition and properties to improve upstream, midstream, and downstream operations Due to the renaissance of gas and oil production in North America, interest has grown in analytical methods for a wide range of applications. The understanding provided in this text is designed to help chemists, geologists, and chemical and petroleum engineers make more accurate estimates of the crude value to specific refinery configurations, providing insight into optimum development and extraction schemes.

Download or read book Underground Injection Science and Technology written by C-F. Tsang and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2005-12-28 with total page 731 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapters by a distinguished group of international authors on various aspects of Underground Injection Science and Technology are organized into seven sections addressing specific topics of interest. In the first section the chapters focus on the history of deep underground injection as well regulatory issues, future trends and risk analysis. The next section contains ten chapters dealing with well testing and hydrologic modeling. Section 3, consisting of five chapters, addresses various aspects of the chemical processes affecting the fate of the waste in the subsurface environment. Consideration is given here to reactions between the waste and the geologic medium, and reactions that take place within the waste stream itself. The remaining four sections deal with experience relating to injection of, respectively, liquid wastes, liquid radioactive wastes in Russia, slurried solids, and compressed carbon dioxide. Chapters in Section 4, cover a diverse range of other issues concerning the injection of liquid wastes including two that deal with induced seismicity. In Section 5, Russian scientists have contributed several chapters revealing their knowledge and experience of the deep injection disposal of high-level radioactive liquid processing waste. Section 6 consists of five chapters that cover the technology surrounding the injection disposal of waste slurries. Among the materials considered are drilling wastes, bone meal, and biosolids. Finally, four chapters in Section 7 deal with questions relating to carbon dioxide sequestration in deep sedimentary aquifers. This subject is particularly topical as nations grapple with the problem of controlling the buildup of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. * Comprehensive coverage of the state of the art in underground injection science and technology * Emerging subsurface waste disposal technologies * International scope

Download or read book Mechanics of Fluid Saturated Rocks written by Yves Gueguen and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2004-05-12 with total page 465 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanics of Fluid Saturated Rocks presents a current and comprehensive report on this emerging field that bridges the areas of geology and mechanics. It is of direct interest to a wide spectrum of earth scientists and engineers who are concerned with upper-crust mechanics and fluid movements, the most important fluids being oil and water. This authoritative book is the result of a collaborative effort between scientists in academic institutions and industry. It examines important issues such as subsidence, geological fault formation, earthquake faulting, hydraulic fracturing, transport of fluids, and natural and direct applications. Mechanics of Fluid Saturated Rocks provides a unique interdisciplinary viewpoint, as well as case studies, conclusions, and recommendations for further research. Covers the physical, chemical, and mechanical analysis of porous saturated rock deformation on both large and small scales Discusses the latest developments of importance to engineers and geologists Examines natural and direct applications Includes extensive bibliographies for each chapter

Download or read book Fluid Dynamics in Complex Fractured Porous Systems written by Boris Faybishenko and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2015-06-04 with total page 265 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite of many years of studies, predicting fluid flow, heat, and chemical transport in fractured-porous media remains a challenge for scientists and engineers worldwide. This monograph is the third in a series on the dynamics of fluids and transport in fractured rock published by the American Geophysical Union (Geophysical Monograph Series, Vol. 162, 2005; and Geophysical Monograph, No. 122, 2000). This monograph is dedicated to the late Dr. Paul Witherspoon for his seminal influence on the development of ideas and methodologies and the birth of contemporary fractured rock hydrogeology, including such fundamental and applied problems as environmental remediation; exploitation of oil, gas, and geothermal resources; disposal of spent nuclear fuel; and geotechnical engineering. This monograph addresses fundamental and applied scientific questions and is intended to assist scientists and practitioners bridge gaps in the current scientific knowledge in the areas of theoretical fluids dynamics, field measurements, and experiments for different practical applications. Readers of this book will include researchers, engineers, and professionals within academia, Federal agencies, and industry, as well as graduate/undergraduate students involved in theoretical, experimental, and numerical modeling studies of fluid dynamics and reactive chemical transport in the unsaturated and saturated zones, including studies pertaining to petroleum and geothermal reservoirs, environmental management and remediation, mining, gas storage, and radioactive waste isolation in underground repositories. Volume highlights include discussions of the following: Fundamentals of using a complex systems approach to describe flow and transport in fractured-porous media. Methods of Field Measurements and Experiments Collective behavior and emergent properties of complex fractured rock systems Connection to the surrounding environment Multi-disciplinary research for different applications

Download or read book Science of Carbon Storage in Deep Saline Formations written by Pania Newell and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2018-09-06 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Science of Carbon Storage in Deep Saline Formations: Process Coupling across Time and Spatial Scales summarizes state-of-the-art research, emphasizing how the coupling of physical and chemical processes as subsurface systems re-equilibrate during and after the injection of CO2. In addition, it addresses, in an easy-to-follow way, the lack of knowledge in understanding the coupled processes related to fluid flow, geomechanics and geochemistry over time and spatial scales. The book uniquely highlights process coupling and process interplay across time and spatial scales that are relevant to geological carbon storage. Includes the underlying scientific research, as well as the risks associated with geological carbon storage Covers the topic of geological carbon storage from various disciplines, addressing the multi-scale and multi-physics aspects of geological carbon storage Organized by discipline for ease of navigation

Download or read book Fractures Fluid Flow and Mineralization written by Ken McCaffrey and published by Geological Society of London. This book was released on 1999 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrothermal mineralization is usually structurally controlled so it is important to understand the role of faulting and fracturing in enhancing rock permeability and facilitating fluid flow and mass transfer. This is the main theme of this interdisciplinary volume and the papers included are intended to provide an overview of current ideas at the interfaces of structural geology, fluid flow and mineralization research.