Download or read book Fluctuations and Scaling in Biology written by Thomas Vicsek and published by . This book was released on with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Fluctuations and Scaling in Biology written by Tamás Vicsek and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2001 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last decade the well-established tools of statistical physics have been successfully applied to an increasing number of biological phenomena. It is a fruitful approach to systems characterised by fluctuations and/or a large number of very similar units, and such systems are commonin biology, whether it be the individuals in the codons of a genetic code or the behavioural responses of macromolecules to thermal fluctuations. This book is thus able to cover a wide range of phenomena, including fractal pattern formation, group motion in organisms from bacteria to humans, or themechanisms by which fluctuations are rectified in the cell's molecular machinery. This book provides a summary of the majority of recent approaches and concepts born in the study of biological phenomena involving collective behaviour and random perturbation, as well as presenting some of the mostimportant new results to specialist researchers. It is, particularly, a key text for all students of scaling and fluctuations in biology.
Download or read book Scaling in Biology written by James H. Brown and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 2000 with total page 368 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Scaling relationships have been a persistent theme in biology at least since the time of Leonardo da Vinci and Galileo. While there have been many excellent empirical and theoretical investigations, there has been little attempt to synthesize this diverse but interrelated area of biology. In an effort to fill this void, Scaling in Biology, the first general treatment of scaling in biology in over 15 years, covers a broad spectrum of the most relevant topics in a series of chapters written by experts in the field. Some of those topics discussed include allometry and fractal structure, branching of vascular systems of mammals and plants, biomechanical and life history of plants, invertebrates and vertebrates, and species-area patterns of biological diversity.
Download or read book Perspectives on Organisms written by Giuseppe Longo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-12-13 with total page 293 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This authored monograph introduces a genuinely theoretical approach to biology. Starting point is the investigation of empirical biological scaling including their variability, which is found in the literature, e.g. allometric relationships, fractals, etc. The book then analyzes two different aspects of biological time: first, a supplementary temporal dimension to accommodate proper biological rhythms; secondly, the concepts of protension and retention as a means of local organization of time in living organisms. Moreover, the book investigates the role of symmetry in biology, in view of its ubiquitous importance in physics. In relation with the notion of extended critical transitions, the book proposes that organisms and their evolution can be characterized by continued symmetry changes, which accounts for the irreducibility of their historicity and variability. The authors also introduce the concept of anti-entropy as a measure for the potential of variability, being equally understood as alterations in symmetry. By this, the book provides a mathematical account of Gould's analysis of phenotypic complexity with respect to biological evolution. The target audience primarily comprises researchers interested in new theoretical approaches to biology, from physical, biological or philosophical backgrounds, but the book may also be beneficial for graduate students who want to enter this field.
Download or read book Fluctuations and Noise in Biological Biophysical and Biomedical Systems written by Sergey M. Bezrukov and published by SPIE-International Society for Optical Engineering. This book was released on 2003 with total page 384 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Growth Patterns in Physical Sciences and Biology written by Jaun-Manuel Garcia-Ruiz and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 417 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the past decade interest in the formation of complex disorderly patterns far from equilibrium has grown rapidly. This interest has been stim ulated by the development of new approaches (based primarily on fractal geometry) to the quantitative description of complex structures, increased understanding of non-linear phenomena and the introduction of a variety of models (such as the diffusion-limited aggregation model) that provide paradigms for non-equilibrium growth phenomena. Advances in computer technology have played a crucial role in both the experimental and theoret ical aspects of this enterprise. Substantial progress has been made towards the development of comprehensive understanding of non-equilibrium growth phenomena but most of our current understanding is based on simple com puter models. Pattern formation processes are important in almost all areas of science and technology, and, clearly, pattern growth pervades biology. Very often remarkably similar patterns are found in quite diverse systems. In some case (dielectric breakdown, electrodeposition, fluid-fluid displacement in porous media, dissolution patterns and random dendritic growth for example) the underlying causes of this similarity is quite well understood. In other cases (vascular trees, nerve cells and river networks for example) we do not yet know if a fundamental relationship exists between the mechanisms leading the formation of these structures.
Download or read book Cell Biology by the Numbers written by Ron Milo and published by Garland Science. This book was released on 2015-12-07 with total page 400 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Top 25 CHOICE 2016 Title, and recipient of the CHOICE Outstanding Academic Title (OAT) Award. How much energy is released in ATP hydrolysis? How many mRNAs are in a cell? How genetically similar are two random people? What is faster, transcription or translation?Cell Biology by the Numbers explores these questions and dozens of others provid
Download or read book Scale Invariance written by Annick LESNE and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-11-04 with total page 406 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During a century, from the Van der Waals mean field description (1874) of gases to the introduction of renormalization group (RG techniques 1970), thermodynamics and statistical physics were just unable to account for the incredible universality which was observed in numerous critical phenomena. The great success of RG techniques is not only to solve perfectly this challenge of critical behaviour in thermal transitions but to introduce extremely useful tools in a wide field of daily situations where a system exhibits scale invariance. The introduction of scaling, scale invariance and universality concepts has been a significant turn in modern physics and more generally in natural sciences. Since then, a new "physics of scaling laws and critical exponents", rooted in scaling approaches, allows quantitative descriptions of numerous phenomena, ranging from phase transitions to earthquakes, polymer conformations, heartbeat rhythm, diffusion, interface growth and roughening, DNA sequence, dynamical systems, chaos and turbulence. The chapters are jointly written by an experimentalist and a theorist. This book aims at a pedagogical overview, offering to the students and researchers a thorough conceptual background and a simple account of a wide range of applications. It presents a complete tour of both the formal advances and experimental results associated with the notion of scaling, in physics, chemistry and biology.
Download or read book Ecological Effects of Water level Fluctuations in Lakes written by Karl M. Wantzen and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2009-05-06 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Most aquatic ecosystems have variable water levels. These water-level fluctuations (WLF) have multiple effects on the organisms above and below the waterline. Natural WLF patterns in lakes guarantee both productivity and biodiversity, while untimely floods and droughts may have negative effects. Human impacts on WLF have led to a stabilization of the water levels of many lakes by hydraulic regulation, untimely drawdown due to water use, or floods due to water release from hydropower plants in the catchments. This book provides a first review in this field. It presents selected papers on the ecological effects of WLF in lakes, resulting from a workshop at the University of Konstanz in winter 2005. Issues addressed here include the extent of WLF, and analyses of their effects on different groups of biota from microorganisms to vertebrates. Applied issues include recommendations for the hydrological management of regulated lakes to reduce negative impacts, and a conceptual framework is delivered by an extension of the floodpulse concept for lakes. Current impacts on water use, including increasing demands on drinking and irrigation water, hydropower etc., and climate change effects on WLF make this book an essential resource for aquatic ecologists, engineers, and decision-makers dealing with the management of lake ecosystems and their catchments.
Download or read book Fractals in Biology and Medicine written by Gabriele A. Losa and published by Birkhäuser. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In March 2000 leading scientists gathered at the Centro Seminariale Monte Verità, Ascona, Switzerland, for the Third International Symposium on "Fractals 2000 in Biology and Medicine". This interdisciplinary conference provided stimulating contributions from the very topical field Fractals in Biology and Medicine. This volume highlights the growing power and efficacy of the fractal geometry in understanding how to analyze living phenomena and complex shapes.
Download or read book Unsolved Problems of Noise and Fluctuations written by Sergey M. Bezrukov and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2003-06-02 with total page 644 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: All papers in this proceedings volume were peer reviewed. The purview of this third conference was shifted toward biology and medicine. Among the topics covered were: the constructive role of noise in the central nervous system, neuronal networks, and sensory transduction (hearing in humans, photo- and electroreception in marine animals), encoding of information into nerve pulse trains, single molecules and noise (including single molecule detection and characterization by nanopores - molecular "Coulter counting"), concepts of noise in neurophysiology (randomness and order in brain and heart electrical activities under normal conditions and in pathology), the role of noise in genetic regulation and gene expression, biosensors, etc.
Download or read book Systems Biology written by Robert A. Meyers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-07-02 with total page 729 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Systems biology is a relatively new biological study field that focuses on the systematic study of complex interactions in biological systems, thus using a new perspective (integration instead of reduction) to study them. Particularly from year 2000 onwards, the term is used widely in the biosciences, and in a variety of contexts. Systems biology is the study of the interconnected aspect of molecular, cellular, tissue, whole animal and ecological processes, and comprises mathematical and mechanistic studies of dynamical, mesoscopic, open, spatiotemporally defined, nonlinear, complex systems that are far from thermodynamic equilibrium.
Download or read book Systems Biology written by Edda Klipp and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2016-03-28 with total page 504 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This advanced textbook is tailored for an introductory course in Systems Biology and is well-suited for biologists as well as engineers and computer scientists. It comes with student-friendly reading lists and a companion website featuring a short exam prep version of the book and educational modeling programs. The text is written in an easily accessible style and includes numerous worked examples and study questions in each chapter. For this edition, a section on medical systems biology has been included.
Download or read book Power Laws Scale Free Networks and Genome Biology written by Eugene V. Koonin and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-03-06 with total page 274 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Power Laws, Scale-free Networks and Genome Biology deals with crucial aspects of the theoretical foundations of systems biology, namely power law distributions and scale-free networks which have emerged as the hallmarks of biological organization in the post-genomic era. The chapters in the book not only describe the interesting mathematical properties of biological networks but moves beyond phenomenology, toward models of evolution capable of explaining the emergence of these features. The collection of chapters, contributed by both physicists and biologists, strives to address the problems in this field in a rigorous but not excessively mathematical manner and to represent different viewpoints, which is crucial in this emerging discipline. Each chapter includes, in addition to technical descriptions of properties of biological networks and evolutionary models, a more general and accessible introduction to the respective problems. Most chapters emphasize the potential of theoretical systems biology for discovery of new biological phenomena.
Download or read book A New Biology for the 21st Century written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-11-20 with total page 113 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now more than ever, biology has the potential to contribute practical solutions to many of the major challenges confronting the United States and the world. A New Biology for the 21st Century recommends that a "New Biology" approach-one that depends on greater integration within biology, and closer collaboration with physical, computational, and earth scientists, mathematicians and engineers-be used to find solutions to four key societal needs: sustainable food production, ecosystem restoration, optimized biofuel production, and improvement in human health. The approach calls for a coordinated effort to leverage resources across the federal, private, and academic sectors to help meet challenges and improve the return on life science research in general.
Download or read book Fluctuations Scaling and Universality in First passage Processes written by David Hathcock and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Here we study fluctuations, scaling, and universality in a variety of first-passage scenarios. First, we explore fluctuations in fixation times in evolutionary dynamics. We compute the fixation-time distribution for several models of evolution and determine how the shape of the distribution depends on the fitness advantage provided by a genetic mutation. Our results reveal an interesting dichotomy: for neutral mutations the distribution is highly-skewed, while for non-neutral mutations, two particular distributions arise. In the latter case, depending on population structure the fixation-time distribution is either a Gaussian or the (moderately skewed) Gumbel distribution. Next, we show that the Gaussian and Gumbel distributions are universal; they arise generically across a variety of stochastic models of evolution, ecology, epidemiology, and chemical reactions. The distinguishing feature is the decay of the stochastic transition rates near the absorbing state: lack of decay leads to Gaussian distributions, while linear decay leads to Gumbel distributions. Distributions resulting from other power-law decays in the transition rates are also classified. Finally, we formulate a renormalization group approach and scaling theory for barrier crossing phenomena near a noisy saddle-node bifurcation, where the barrier vanishes. We derive the universal scaling behavior and corrections to scaling for the mean barrier escape time in overdamped systems with arbitrary barrier height. We also develop an accurate approximation for the fluctuations in escape times, capturing the full distribution of barrier escape times at any barrier height. This critical theory draws links between barrier crossing in chemistry, the renormalization group, and bifurcation theory.
Download or read book Econophysics of Stock and other Markets written by Arnab Chatterjee and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-12-31 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book reviews the latest econophysics researches on the fluctuations in stock, forex and other markets. The statistical modeling of markets, using various agent-based game theoretical approaches, and their scaling analysis have been discussed. The leading researchers in these fields have reported on their recent work and also reviewed the contemporary literature. Some historical perspectives as well as some comments and debates on recent issues in econophysics research have also been included.
