Download or read book FIN 48 Adoption Disclosures written by Amy E. Dunbar and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 19 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze the first quarter 2007 10-Q filings of 348 Samp;P 500 calendar year-end firms to provide evidence concerning the levels of, and changes in, unrecognized tax benefits (UTBs) resulting from the adoption of FASB Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48). We draw the following conclusions. First, firms need more guidance regarding how to disclose the FIN 48 UTBs, particularly with respect to interest and penalties, and how changes in UTBs affected accounts other than retained earnings (e.g., the UTBs' associated with temporary differences effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities). Second, focusing on reported UTBs, and not adding interest and penalties, understates the magnitude of firms' beginning (post-FIN 48 adoption) tax reserves. Third, scaling beginning tax reserves by firm size provides a different view of firms' aggressiveness in their prior tax return positions than the absolute UTB levels. Similarly, the percentage change in firms' UTBs that affect retained earnings is a more meaningful measure of firms' pre-FIN 48 tax reporting behavior than raw changes. Moreover, it appears that the largest firms in our sample displayed the most conservative tax reporting behavior. Finally, we present preliminary evidence that such behavior varied by auditor.
Download or read book Pre empting Disclosure Firms Decisions Prior to FIN 48 written by Jennifer Blouin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIN 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes (FASB 2006), requires firms to disclose tax reserves and to record changes in tax reserves at adoption of FIN 48 as cumulative effect adjustments in stockholders' equity. We predict that between the enactment and adoption of FIN 48, relative to historical levels, firms settle disputes more often to potentially decrease visibility to the IRS and release reserves more often to reduce scrutiny and increase earnings (as opposed to retained earnings). We analyze 2005 and 2006 10-Qs and 10-Ks for the 100 largest nonfinancial, nonutility firms followed by analysts. Between enactment and adoption of FIN 48, relative to historical levels, firms report more settlements with tax authorities and release reserves more frequently. In addition, firms with higher IRS deficiencies are more likely to settle disputes. Between enactment and adoption of FIN 48, firms increased earnings by releasing $4.4 billion of tax reserves, nearly equaling the $4.5 billion released at adoption.
Download or read book Are Tax and Non tax Factors Associated with Fin 48 Disclosures written by Janet L. McDonald and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study examines the determinants of tax aggressiveness. I utilize the unrecognized tax benefits (UTB) disclosed by the adoption of Financial Interpretation No. 48, "Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes" (FIN 48) to proxy for firms̕̕ tax aggressiveness. I hand collect UTB disclosures for 562 calendar year-end firms in the S & P 1500. Controlling for firms̕ incentives and abilities to engage in aggressive tax positions (tax factors) and firms̕ discretion over recognizing the financial reporting benefits of aggressive tax positions, I examine whether firms̕ level of aggressive tax positions is influenced by (1) financial reporting aggressiveness, (2) choice of auditor, (3) analyst coverage, and (4) corporate governance quality. Using ordinary least squares regression, I examine the determinants of firms total UTB and its permanent and temporary components. I find that UTB and its permanent component are positively associated with firm size, presence of foreign operations, research and development activity, selling, general and administrative activity, firm value, and the probability that the firm engages in tax shelter activity. However, the temporary component is only increasing in firm size. Also, I find that UTB and its permanent component are positively associated with firms engaging in financial reporting aggressiveness and increasing auditor provided tax services, but negatively associated with analyst coverage, while the temporary component is only positively associated with financial reporting aggressiveness. Finally, I split the sample based on firms̕ use of discretion over recognizing the tax benefits of aggressive tax positions prior to FIN 48 adoption. I find that firms which aggressively recognize tax benefits prior to FIN 48 adoption (i.e. firms that increased UTBs at FIN 48 adoption) have UTBs that are positive and significantly associated with (1) the probability that a firm engages in tax shelter activity, (2) auditor provided tax services, and (3) their record of using last chance earnings management to meet or beat analyst forecasts. These associations are not significant for firms that did not aggressively recognize tax benefits prior to FIN 48 adoption, suggesting that firms̕ financial reporting aggressiveness is positively associated with firms̕ level of tax aggression.
Download or read book The Effect of Mandatory Financial Statement Disclosures of Tax Uncertainty on Tax Reporting and Collections written by Sanjay Gupta and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study investigates the effect of accounting measurement and disclosure requirements on multistate income tax avoidance. The proliferation of sophisticated state tax planning techniques combined with the complexity of varying state tax regimes make multistate taxation an area rampant with uncertainty. The accounting standards contained in FASB Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48) require firms to record and disclose liabilities for uncertain income tax benefits based on a more-likely-than-not merit threshold of each tax position, assuming tax authorities have full information. Theoretical work and initial practitioner claims suggested that the accounting standards would increase reported tax expense and tax payments. Consistent with this, we find that both firm-level state income tax expense and aggregate state-level income tax collections increased surrounding adoption of FIN 48, providing evidence of the association between mandatory financial reporting disclosures and tax compliance behavior.
Download or read book Fin 48 Answer Book 2009 Edition written by Mark L. Friedlich and published by CCH. This book was released on 2008-08 with total page 974 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIN 48 Answer Book is designed to for practitioners who need quick and authoritative answers to questions concerning the implementation of FIN 48. This book uses simple straightforward language to provide guidance on consistent accounting practices and criteria for enterprises reporting tax benefits from uncertain tax positions. The question-and-answer format, with its breadth of coverage, effectively conveys the complex subject matter of implementing and applying FIN 48.
Download or read book An Early Look at FIN 48 Disclosures written by Cristi A. Gleason and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 39 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Sec Disclosures Checklist 2009 Edition written by Ronald G. Pippin and published by CCH. This book was released on 2009-02 with total page 1620 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Differences between FIN 48 and IFRIC 23 written by Carolin Seibert and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-08-31 with total page 81 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Uncertainties about the tax treatment of business transactions in the tax return or tax balance sheet can cause significant accounting challenges for current and deferred taxes in the financial statements. Whereas the accounting treatment of tax risks or tax audit risks has been regulated under US GAAP since 2006, a corresponding IFRS regulation was only published in 2017 and is effective from the 2019 fiscal year. The author takes this as an opportunity to analyze and critically assess the differences between the US GAAP accounting regulation “FIN 48 – Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” and the IFRS accounting regulation “IFRIC 23 – Uncertainty over Income Tax Treatments”. Building on the insights from her analysis, the author also examines the problem areas arising from IFRIC 23 from the perspective of the German tax authorities, German business practice and German advisory practice.
Download or read book The Impact of Increased Tax Return Reporting on Financial Statement Tax Disclosure Quality written by Michelle Kim Harding and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study uses the 2010 implementation of IRS Schedule UTP (Uncertain Tax Position) to examine the impact of additional tax return reporting on financial statement tax disclosure quality. Using a hand-collected sample, I find that firms reduce the quality of their Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48) disclosures for Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes in response to increased proprietary costs of disclosure following the adoption of IRS Schedule UTP. Standard setters intended FIN 48 disclosures to benefit investors. Contrary to this intended outcome, I find that as tax return reporting increases, firms reduce discretionary FIN 48 disclosures, making public tax disclosures more opaque and less useful to tax authorities and other stakeholders. Thus, an unintended consequence of increased tax return reporting is lower financial statement tax disclosure quality that undermines standard setters' goals of transparency, relevance, and comparability in financial reporting of income taxes.
Download or read book Firm and Investor Responses to Uncertain Tax Benefit Disclosure Requirements written by Leslie A. Robinson and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 45 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We examine whether proprietary costs affect disclosure quality and how investors react to disclosure quality in a new proprietary cost setting. We apply Verrecchia's (1983) proprietary cost theory to the FIN 48 adoption setting and argue that proprietary costs result from beliefs that the new disclosures could weaken a firm's competitive position when negotiating with tax authorities. FIN 48 is an ideal setting to examine how proprietary costs affect disclosure given the proprietary nature of uncertain tax positions, and the ability to construct objective measures of both proprietary costs and disclosure quality. We construct disclosure quality scores for Samp;P 1500 firms and offer two empirical findings. First, we find a negative association between proprietary costs and disclosure quality. Second, investors reward firms for low disclosure quality, especially small firms and firms with high proprietary costs. Both findings are consistent with Verrecchia's (1983) theory, and suggest that proprietary costs moderate investor demand for full disclosure.
Download or read book Model Rules of Professional Conduct written by American Bar Association. House of Delegates and published by American Bar Association. This book was released on 2007 with total page 216 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Model Rules of Professional Conduct provides an up-to-date resource for information on legal ethics. Federal, state and local courts in all jurisdictions look to the Rules for guidance in solving lawyer malpractice cases, disciplinary actions, disqualification issues, sanctions questions and much more. In this volume, black-letter Rules of Professional Conduct are followed by numbered Comments that explain each Rule's purpose and provide suggestions for its practical application. The Rules will help you identify proper conduct in a variety of given situations, review those instances where discretionary action is possible, and define the nature of the relationship between you and your clients, colleagues and the courts.
Download or read book Can a Financial Statement Pronouncement Increase State Tax Compliance and Revenues written by Ann Boyd Davis and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1982, 40 states and the District of Columbia have offered amnesty programs. In December 1990, the Multistate Tax Commission (MTC) established the National Nexus Program (NNP), a permanent tax amnesty program. Prior literature has focused on amnesty programs and has shown that these programs do little to increase tax revenues and compliance when increased future enforcement is absent. I examine the impact of the NNP on state corporate tax revenues. From 1991 through 2008, state corporate tax revenues are significantly lower than revenues from 1973 through 1990. Further, I find that states joining the NNP have a negative impact on state corporate tax revenues; however, the initial year impacts revenues differently than all other years. The implementation of Financial Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48) provides another reason for firms to disclose in the NNP. Specifically, to reduce the FIN 48 liability on financial statements, firms may disclose in the NNP. The primary purpose of FIN 48 is to increase the comparability and transparency of financial reporting of income taxes through requiring consistent recording and disclosure across firms. Although FIN 48 has been replaced with the Accounting Standard Codification 740-10, I continue to refer to FIN 48 because of familiarity. I examine whether FIN 48 resulted in an increased number of firms entering the NNP by state. I also investigate whether FIN 48 impacted the dollar amount of NNP disclosures by state. Using aggregated proprietary data obtained from the NNP and matched with hand-collected data from 1994 through 2008, I find that FIN 48 has a positive effect on the number of NNP disclosures but has no impact on the dollar amount of disclosure. Rather, for states joining the NNP, the dollar amount of disclosure tends to be driven by the states adopting combined reporting requirements. In examining publicly-traded firms on an individual case basis, I find that economic presence and voluntary compliance initiatives predominately have a negative effect on the dollar amount of disclosure while FIN 48 has an insignificant impact.
Download or read book Tightening the Noose written by Raquel Meyer Alexander and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We investigate the interaction of debt covenants and tax reporting upon the adoption of a financial accounting standard that codifies disclosures for income tax risks, Financial Interpretation No. 48 (FIN 48). We examine how firms respond to the potential tightening of covenant slack upon FIN 48 adoption and whether these actions are penalized by creditors and anticipated by equity market. While FIN 48 generally results in firms reducing equity, we find that firms close to net worth covenants are more likely to reduce equity, but tend to make smaller (less negative) adjustments, consistent with prior research that shows firms try to avoid costly covenant violations. For firms near net worth debt covenant violation, the act of decreasing equity upon FIN 48 adoption leads to an average increase in cost of debt of 43 basis points. Our results suggest that the market anticipated potential debt impacts associated with FIN 48 as the cumulative abnormal return at the FIN 48 exposure draft release date is negative only for firms with large book-tax differences (more tax aggressive firms) that are also close to debt covenant violation.
Download or read book Coordinated Examination Program CEP written by and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 2 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Losing the Excess Baggage written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book What Can We Learn About Uncertain Tax Benefits from Fin 48 written by Jennifer Blouin and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: FIN 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, standardizes accounting for uncertain tax benefits and requires companies to disclose their tax reserve amounts. We summarize hand-collected disclosures related to tax reserves from 2005 through the first quarter of 2007. For the largest 100 non-financial, non-regulated firms, the reserve at adoption on January 1, 2007 is $78 billion excluding interest, or about two percent of assets. Of this $78 billion, an estimated $58 billion would affect earnings if ever released.
Download or read book The Essential CFO written by Bruce P. Nolop and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2012-03-16 with total page 391 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discover the power of the CFO's role in delivering shareholder value During the past decade, the CFO role has expanded dramatically in its breadth, complexity, and criticality. Filled with proven strategies, best practices, and keen insights, The Essential CFO describes how today's CFOs are responding to their expanded roles within both public and private companies. With straightforward and pragmatic guidance, author Bruce Nolop shows how CFOs are partnering with CEOs to deliver shareholder value by articulating a strategic plan, determining capital allocations, managing the capital structure, driving financial performance, and implementing strategic transactions. Covers how CFOs are establishing robust accounting and risk management processes and effectively communicating with both external and internal constituencies Looks at the role of the CFO in transforming financial organizations to drive effectiveness and efficiencies Examines how CFOs can develop talent with the experience, expertise, and leadership skills to meet the challenges of the future Written from a balanced, top-down perspective of the modern CFO, The Essential CFO provides you with practical prescriptions for executing impactful corporate finance strategies.
