Download or read book Factors Influencing Pesticide Resistance in Psylla Pyricola Foerster and Susceptibilty in Its Mirid Predator Deraeocoris Brevis Knight written by Hugo E. Baan (van de) and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 258 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Factors influencing pesticide susceptibility and resistance were studied in Psylla pyricola Foerster, and its mirid predator, Deraeocoris brevis Knight in the Rogue River Valley, Oregon. Factors studied were at the biochemical, life history, and population ecology levels. Studies on detoxification enzymes showed that glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase activities were ca. 1.6-fold higher in susceptible R. brevis than in susceptible pear psylla, however, esterase activity was ca. 5-fold lower. Esterase activity was ca. 18-fold higher in resistant pear psylla than in susceptible D. brevis, however, glutathione S-transferase and cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase activities were similar. Esterases seem to be a major factor conferring insecticide resistance in P. Pvricola. Although the detoxification capacities of P. pyricola and D. brevis were quite similar, pear psylla has developed resistance to many insecticides in the Rogue River Valley, whereas D. brevis has remained susceptible. Biochemical factors may be important in determining the potential of resistance development, however, they are less important in determining the rate at which resistance develops. Computer simulation studies showed that life history and ecological factors are probably of greater importance in determining the rate at which resistance develops in P. pvricola and D. brevis. High fecundity and low immigration of susceptible individuals into selected populations appear to be major factors contributing to rapid resistance development in pear psylla compared with D. brevis. Implications of this study for pesticide resistance management of pear psylla are discussed.
Download or read book Integrated Pest Management for Stone Fruits written by Larry L. Strand and published by University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources. This book was released on 1999 with total page 236 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The most complete guide available for managing pest problems in apricots, cherries, nectarines, peaches, plums, and prunes. An indispensable guide to establishing a pest management program, diagnosing pest problems, identifying and using beneficial insects, and establishing new orchards. Includes information on training and pruning, irrigation scheduling, scheduling management activities, soil and tissue sampling, pheromone mating disruption, relative toxicity of pesticides to natural enemies and honey bees, organically acceptable pest control options, vertebrae pest control options within the ranges of endangered species.
Download or read book Arthropod Biological Control Agents and Pesticides written by Brian A. Croft and published by Wiley-Interscience. This book was released on 1990-01-16 with total page 744 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide: susceptibility. Influelnces. Resistance management.
Download or read book Integrated Pest Management for Apples Pears 2nd Edition written by BARBARA OHLENDORF and published by University of California, Agriculture and Natural Resources. This book was released on 1999 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Inside you'll find a detailed index, a completely revised section on codling moth management with detailed information on mating disruption, revision of leafroller management practices, updates on oak root fungus and wild asparagus, biological control of fireblight, and new control strategies for pear psylla. The emphasis is on least-toxic control methods, selective pesticides, and cultural and biological controls. Also includes a section on organically acceptable control methods. More than 200 color photos and 100 figures and tables.
Download or read book American Entomologist written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Dissertation Abstracts International written by and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 770 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Monitoring Pesticide Resistance in Psylla Pyricola Foerster from Western Oregon Pear Orchards written by Peter A. Follett and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A modified slide-dip bioassay was used to survey and establish baseline resistance levels in Psylla pyricola Foerster from western Oregon orchards to four pesticides. Orchards selected in the Hood River, Rogue River and Willamette Valleys spanned a wide range of environmental and management conditions. During the study period of 1982-1983, management conditions present at these sites included intensively sprayed, minimally sprayed (IPM), recently abandoned, and long abandoned orchards. Lethal concentration (LC50) values determined for psylla populations ranged from 0.31-12.64 g AI/1 for azinphosmethyl, 0.14-1.73 g AI/1 for endosulfan, 0.02-0.10 ml AI/1 for fenvalerate, and 0.41-1.52 ml AI/1 for Perthane. Pear psylla from all orchards showed some level of resistance to azinphosmethyl (12- to 41-fold) and endosulfan (2- to 12-fold) when compared to the susceptible OSU Entomology Farm strain. Comparative differences in susceptibility among populations to fenvalerate and Perthane, calculated by comparing each strain to the most suceptible strain, were between 1- and 5-fold. Resistance was not correlated with insecticide usage in individual orchards in the Hood River and Rogue River Valleys, where commercial pear production is intensive. Psylla from unmanaged orchards had similar or slightly higher LC50 values than managed trees for each compound. In contrast, in the Willamette Valley, where pear production is much less intensive and orchards are widely scattered, psylla resistance levels were better correlated with local insecticide usage patterns. Pairwise comparisons of mean LC50 values for a region indicated that psylla resistance levels were significantly different at the regional level for azinphosmethyl and endosulfan. The mean LC50 value for Rogue River Valley populations to azinphosmethyl of 9.00 g AI/1 was significantly higher (p
Download or read book Orchard Pest Management written by Elizabeth Hull Beers and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security written by Omkar Ph.D. and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2016-02-03 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ecofriendly Pest Management for Food Security explores the broad range of opportunity and challenges afforded by Integrated Pest Management systems. The book focuses on the insect resistance that has developed as a result of pest control chemicals, and how new methods of environmentally complementary pest control can be used to suppress harmful organisms while protecting the soil, plants, and air around them. As the world's population continues its rapid increase, this book addresses the production of cereals, vegetables, fruits, and other foods and their subsequent demand increase. Traditional means of food crop production face proven limitations and increasing research is turning to alternative means of crop growth and protection. - Addresses environmentally focused pest control with specific attention to its role in food security and sustainability. - Includes a range of pest management methods, from natural enemies to biomolecules. - Written by experts with extensive real-world experience.
Download or read book Fundamentals of Stored Product Entomology written by David Hagstrum and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2016-06-08 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This reference discusses the fundamentals of stored-product entomology that need to be considered in planning, implementation, and evaluation of a pest management program. It is based on the review of an extensive database of references and many years of research on stored-product insect problems by the expert authors. The information in this book helps answer consumers’ concern about pesticide residues in food by providing helpful IPM and alternative approaches for pest management. It provides the basic information needed to manage pests with and without the use of chemicals. Managing pests requires a thorough understanding of insect biology, behavior, ecology, sampling, pros and cons of management options, and responses of insects to the various management options. This comprehensive book covers all of these topics, beginning with a discussion of the scope of stored-product entomology. It also provides insight into the diversity of foods and habitats utilized by stored-product insects, the types of economic losses attributable to them, and the ways in which an understanding of their biology can be used to study or manage these insects. Insect mobility, sources of insect infestation, sampling, life history, and population growth are discussed as well, as they play an important role in developing an effective sampling program. In addition, decision aids, the cost of management methods, and the resistance of insects to management methods are covered. For insight into the thought process of choosing treatment options, eight pest management methods are thoroughly described, including a statement of the basic operating principle and background information. For help choosing various chemical and nonchemical methods for diverse situations, the advantages, disadvantages and implementation options for each method are given. Students, extension educators, consultants, food industry sanitarians and managers, legislators, regulators, and insect pest management professionals are sure to find information that will help them to improve pest management. Study questions at the end of each chapter Suggested supplemental reading, including books, conference proceeding papers, literature reviews, research papers, government publications, and popular articles General overview of the biology for a basic understanding of pest control issues Guides the reader through the thought process of designing a pest control program or research study Images of the most damaging of stored-product insect pest species for identification of families Quick methods for distinguishing closely related stored-product insect species
Download or read book Pesticide Management and Insecticide Resistance written by David Watson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 659 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pesticide Management and Insecticide Resistance explores the problem of insect resistance to pesticides and reviews various approaches to pesticide management and safety. It looks at the environmental hazards of pesticide residues and their regulation, along with application techniques aimed at maximum efficiency against the pest and minimum waste to pollution, safety considerations in the development of pest control programs, and pesticide monitoring. Divided into eight parts encompassing 49 chapters, this volume begins with an overview of the global pesticide industry and the costs of commercializing pesticides relative to their profit potential. It then introduces the reader to the release of fluorohydrocarbon propellants in pesticidal aerosols and their hazards to the ozone layer, management of pests in urban environments, international plant protection, the current status of DDT, the importance of training pest-control personnel, and procedures of forest spraying. Other chapters focus on pesticide management safety from a medical perspective; pesticide safety as it relates to the manufacturing, warehousing, and distribution of pesticides; importance of pesticide application equipment and related field practices in developing countries; and the importance of pesticides in successful pest management programs. This book is a valuable resource for scientists, students, researchers, and policymakers who want to ensure the safety of consumers, applicators, and harvesters when using pesticides.
Download or read book Insect Growth Disruptors written by Tarlochan S. Dhadialla and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-11-29 with total page 564 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Advances in Insect Physiology is committed to publishing volumes containing comprehensive and in-depth reviews on all aspects of insect physiology. First published in 1963, these volumes are an essential reference source for invertebrate physiologists, insect neurobiologists, entomologists, zoologists and insect biochemists. This volume is themed on small RNAs and RNAi in insects. Contains comprehensive and in-depth reviews. Essential reference source for invertebrate physiologists, insect neurobiologists, entomologists, zoologists and insect biochemists. This volume is themed on small RNAs and RNAi in insects.
Download or read book Handbook of Biological Control written by T. W. Fisher and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1999-09-20 with total page 1073 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: For many years the use of chemical agents such as pesticides and herbicides has been effective in controlling the many varieties of pests that infest both agricultural crops and backyard gardens. However, these pests are gradually becoming resistant to these agents, because the agents themselves are acting as selective factors making the pests better and better able to resist and persist. As a result, the use of biological controlling agents is increasing. This book is a comprehensive and authoritative handbook of biological control.
Download or read book Citrus Fruit written by Milind Ladaniya and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-28 with total page 593 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Post harvest biology and technology of citrus fruits is gaining importance as the therapeutic value of citrus fruits is realized and supported by the increase in health awareness among the general public.This book is the most comprehensive reference on citrus fruit biology, biotechnology and quality. Basic and applied scientific information is interwoven to serve the researcher, marketer, scientist, nutritionist, or dietician. With discussions of fruit morphology, anatomy, physiology and biochemistry and chapters on growth phases, maturity standards, grades and physical and mechanical characteristics of citrus trees, this book provides the foundation for understanding growth, harvest and post harvest aspects of these important plants. Insect-pests and diseases, irrigation, nutrition and rootstocks are also addressed.* Provides practical tips for post harvest management. * Includes all aspects of citrus fruit biology, technology and quality evaluation.* Discusses biotechnological applications and potential fresh citrus fruit quality improvement * Evaluates medicinal and therapeutic applications and recent clinical findings * Exhaustive glossary included
Download or read book Beneficial Microbes in Agro Ecology written by N. Amaresan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2020-05-14 with total page 936 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Beneficial Microbes in Agro-Ecology: Bacteria and Fungi is a complete resource on the agriculturally important beneficial microflora used in agricultural production technologies. Included are 30 different bacterial genera relevant in the sustainability, mechanisms, and beneficial natural processes that enhance soil fertility and plant growth. The second part of the book discusses 23 fungal genera used in agriculture for the management of plant diseases and plant growth promotion. Covering a wide range of bacteria and fungi on biocontrol and plant growth promoting properties, the book will help researchers, academics and advanced students in agro-ecology, plant microbiology, pathology, entomology, and nematology. - Presents a comprehensive collection of agriculturally important bacteria and fungi - Provides foundational knowledge of each core organism utilized in agro-ecology - Identifies the genera of agriculturally important microorganisms
Download or read book The Oriental Fruit Moth written by Harry Willis Allen and published by . This book was released on 1958 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pp. 25.
Download or read book Wine Science written by Ronald S. Jackson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-05-03 with total page 665 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of Wine Science: Principles, Practice, Perception updates the reader with current processes and methods of wine science, including an analysis of the advantages and disadvantages of various new grape cultivar clones, wine yeast strains, and malolactic bacteria. It also addresses current research in wine consumption as related to health. The many added beautiful color photographs, graphs, and charts help to make the sophisticated techniques described easily understandable. This book is an essential part of a any library.Key Features* Univerally appealing to non-technologists and technologists alike* Includes section on Wine and Health which covers the effects of wine consumption on cardiovascular diseases, headaches, and age-related macular degeneration* Covers sophisticated techniques in a clear, easily understood manner* Presents a balance between the objective science of wine chemistry and the subjective study of wine appreciation* Provides updated information involving advantages/disadvantages of various grape cultivar clones, wine yeast strains, and malolactic bacteria* Chapter on recent historical findings regarding the origin of wine and wine making processes
