Download or read book Factors Affecting Efficiency of Net Ruminal Microbial Protein Synthesis in Cattle written by Michael John Cecava and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Two experiments were conducted to examine factors that affect nutrient digestion and microbial protein synthesis in cattle. In the first study, four cannulated (rumen, proximal duodenum, terminal ileum) steers were used in a 4 $times$ 4 Latin square design experiment. Steers were fed corn/corn silage (low forage) or alfalfa hay/corn silage (high forage) diets twice or 12 times daily. Site of OM digestion shifted from the rumen to the small intestine and total tract OM digestion was increased when steers were fed the low forage diet. Nonbacterial N flows at the duodenum increased when steers were fed the low forage diet and when fed 12 times daily. Results of this study suggest that energy level of the diet can impact on site of nutrient digestion and supply of nutrients at different sites within the digestive tract. However, feeding frequency had minimal impact on digestive kinetics. In a concurrent project, effects of main treatment factors and bacterial harvesting techniques on bacterial composition were investigated. Whole ruminal contents were collected from steers and fluid- and particle-associated bacteria were obtained. Energy level, feeding frequency and pre-harvesting freezing had only minor effects on composition of harvested bacteria but differences were observed in fluid vs particle-associated or mixed populations of ruminal bacteria. In the second study, four multiple-cannulated steers were used in a 4 $times$ 4 Latin square design to examine effects of forage:concentrate ratio and ruminally degradable protein supply on microbial N Kinetics and net protein synthesis. Steers were fed ammoniated corn cob (high forage) or corn cob/ground corn/cornstarch (low forage) diets supplemented with soybean meal (SBM) or a combination of corn gluten meal and blood meal (CB). Efficiency of bacterial CF synthesis (E$sb{rm MCP}$) decreased when the low forage diet was fed but duodenal bacterial N flows were unaffected by energy level. Feeding SBM vs CB increased E$sb{rm MCP}$ and flow of bacterial N to the small intestine. It was concluded that inclusion of a ruminally degradable protein in the diet may synchronize release of nutrients from proteolysis with release of energy from fermentation.
Download or read book Factors Affecting the Efficiency of Microbial Protein Synthesis written by Kelli Anne Gray and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 183 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Factors Affecting and Measurement of Microbial Protein Synthesis in Vitro written by Lyle Mason Rode and published by . This book was released on 1981 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Improving Rumen Function written by Chris McSweeney and published by Burleigh Dodds Agricultural Sc. This book was released on 2020-04-28 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part 1 summarises advances in analysing the rumen microbiome. Part 2 reviews recent research on different types of rumen microbiota. Part 3 discusses the way the rumen processes nutrients whilst Part 4 explores nutritional strategies to optimise rumen function.
Download or read book Effect of Diet on Site of Digestion and Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis in Dairy Cows written by Lyle Mason Rode and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Factors Affecting in Vitro Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis from Urea written by Herbert Dennis Woolf and published by . This book was released on 1969 with total page 140 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Response of Urinary Purine Derivatives Excretion to Nutritional Factors Affecting Ruminal Microbial Protein Synthesis in Cattle written by Veronika Sandra Ahnert and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Factors Affecting Rumen Fermentation Microbial Mix and Microbial Protein Synthesis in the Rumen of Buffalo Calves written by Meenakshi Gupta and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Factors Influencing in Vitro Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis written by John Edgar Smith and published by . This book was released on 1965 with total page 90 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategies to Increase Efficiency of Rumen Microbial Protein Synthesis and Productivity of Cattle on a Tropical Grass Pasture written by Marthen Luther Mullik and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 272 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Factors Affecting Efficiency of Ruminal Bacterial Growth and Site of Nutrient Digestion in Cattle written by Jeffrey Lynn Firkins and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Rumen Microbial Ecosystem written by P.N. Hobson and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 741 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Preface to the first edition of this book explained the reasons for the publication of a comprehensive text on the rumen and rumen microbes in 1988. The microbes of the ruminant's forestomach and those in related organs in other animals and birds provide the means by which herbivorous animals can digest and obtain nutriment from vegetation. In turn, humans have relied, and still do rely, on herbivores for much of their food, clothing and motive power. Herbivores also form the food of carnivorous animals and birds in the wild. The importance of the rumen microorganisms is thus apparent. But, while a knowledge of rumen organisms is not strictly neces sary for the normal, practical feeding of farm animals, in recent years there has been much more emphasis on increasing the productivity of domesti cated animals and in rearing farm animals on unusual feedstuffs. Here, a knowledge of the reactions of the rumen flora, and the limits to these reactions, can be invaluable. In addition, anaerobic rumen-type microor ganisms are found in the intestines of omnivores, including humans, and can be implicated in diseases of humans and animals. They are also found in soils and natural waters, where they playa part in causing pollution and also in reducing it, while the same organisms confined in artificial systems are essential for the purification of sewage and other polluting and toxic wastes.
Download or read book Protein and Amino acid nutrition written by Anthony Albanese and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 617 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Protein and Amino Acid Nutrition describes the state of knowledge concerning the nutrition of proteins and amino acids. Topics range from the effect of some therapeutic agents on protein and amino acid nutrition, to species and age differences in amino acid requirements; utilization of D-amino acids; effect of proteins and amino acids on the growth of adult tissue in vitro; and amino acid requirements of animals and young adults. This volume is organized into 16 chapters and begins with an overview of the nutritional implications of the metabolic interrelationships of amino acids. The next chapters discuss experiments that tested the differences in amino acid requirements due to the differences in age and in species among animals, the biochemical individuality of amino acid requirements, and the utilization of dietary proteins. This book explains the synthesis of tissue proteins in relation to the essential amino acids; the link between food energy and nitrogen metabolism; and the use of the repletion method to measure the nutritive value of proteins, protein hydrolyzates, and amino acid mixtures. The final chapter discusses the nutritional needs of the older age groups. This book is intended for scientists, students, and researchers interested in human and animal nutrition.
Download or read book Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-06-16 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since 1944, the National Research Council (NRC) has published seven editions of the Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle. This reference has guided nutritionists and other professionals in academia and the cattle and feed industries in developing and implementing nutritional and feeding programs for beef cattle. The cattle industry has undergone considerable changes since the seventh revised edition was published in 2000 and some of the requirements and recommendations set forth at that time are no longer relevant or appropriate. The eighth revised edition of the Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle builds on the previous editions. A great deal of new research has been published during the past 14 years and there is a large amount of new information for many nutrients. In addition to a thorough and current evaluation of the literature on the energy and nutrient requirements of beef in all stages of life, this volume includes new information about phosphorus and sulfur contents; a review of nutritional and feeding strategies to minimize nutrient losses in manure and reduce greenhouse gas production; a discussion of the effect of feeding on the nutritional quality and food safety of beef; new information about nutrient metabolism and utilization; new information on feed additives that alter rumen metabolism and postabsorptive metabolism; and future areas of needed research. The tables of feed ingredient composition are significantly updated. Nutrient Requirements of Beef Cattle represents a comprehensive review of the most recent information available on beef cattle nutrition and ingredient composition that will allow efficient, profitable, and environmentally conscious beef production.
Download or read book Nutritional Ecology of the Ruminant written by Peter J. Van Soest and published by Cornell University Press. This book was released on 2018-09-05 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This monumental text-reference places in clear persepctive the importance of nutritional assessments to the ecology and biology of ruminants and other nonruminant herbivorous mammals. Now extensively revised and significantly expanded, it reflects the changes and growth in ruminant nutrition and related ecology since 1982. Among the subjects Peter J. Van Soest covers are nutritional constraints, mineral nutrition, rumen fermentation, microbial ecology, utilization of fibrous carbohydrates, application of ruminant precepts to fermentive digestion in nonruminants, as well as taxonomy, evolution, nonruminant competitors, gastrointestinal anatomies, feeding behavior, and problems fo animal size. He also discusses methods of evaluation, nutritive value, physical struture and chemical composition of feeds, forages, and broses, the effects of lignification, and ecology of plant self-protection, in addition to metabolism of energy, protein, lipids, control of feed intake, mathematical models of animal function, digestive flow, and net energy. Van Soest has introduced a number of changes in this edition, including new illustrations and tables. He places nutritional studies in historical context to show not only the effectiveness of nutritional approaches but also why nutrition is of fundamental importance to issues of world conservation. He has extended precepts of ruminant nutritional ecology to such distant adaptations as the giant panda and streamlined conceptual issues in a clearer logical progression, with emphasis on mechanistic causal interrelationships. Peter J. Van Soest is Professor of Animal Nutrition in the Department of Animal Science and the Division of Nutritional Sciences at the New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University.
Download or read book NorFor written by Harald Volden and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-10-05 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NorFor is a semi-mechanistic feed evaluation system for cattle, which is used by advisors in Denmark, Iceland, Norway and Sweden. This book describes in detail the system and it covers five main sections. The first is concerned with information on feed characteristics, feed analysis and feed digestion methods. The second section describes the digestion and metabolism in the gastrointestinal tract and the supply and requirement of energy and metabolizable amino acids. The third section considers the prediction of feed intake and physical structure of the diet. The fourth section focuses on model evaluation and the final section provides information on the IT solutions and feed ration formulation by a non-linear economical optimization procedure. This book will be of significant interest to researchers, students and advisors of cattle nutrition and feed evaluation.
Download or read book Physiological Aspects of Digestion and Metabolism in Ruminants written by T. Tsuda and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 806 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume is comprised of invited papers presented at the Seventh International Symposium on Ruminant Physiology, held in Sendai, Japan, in September 1989. Papers are invited on the recommendations of 300 international experts. The proceedings of this symposia provides the most comprehensive coverage available of current research in ruminant physiology.
