Download or read book Exploration de la cognition sociale comme facteur de risque suicidaire chez des patients adultes souffrant de schizophr nie written by Marie Voillemier and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Le suicide représente un défi majeur de santé publique. Les études retrouvent que 90% des suicidés présentent des troubles mentaux. Les patients souffrant de schizophrénie représente un groupe particulièrement exposé au risque de suicide ; il s'agit de la première cause de mortalité dans cette population. L'étude des facteurs de risque suicidaires apparaît indispensable aux stratégies de prise en charge.Au sein de ces facteurs de risques dans la schizophrénie, où s'associent des déficits cognitifs généraux et spécifiques, nous nous somme intéressés aux facteurs cognitifs. Quelques études, peu nombreuses, ont porté sur l'étude des facteurs neurocognitifs en lien avec le suicide dans cette pathologie et ne permettent pas d'apporter de réponses claires. Dans le champ cognitif, il existe un autre domaine, celui de la cognition sociale qui comprend quatre dimensions : la théorie de l'esprit, la perception et le traitement des émotions, la perception sociale et le style d'attribution. La théorie de l'esprit se définit comme la capacité à attribuer des états mentaux à autrui. Dans la schizophrénie on retrouve une altération de la cognition sociale, faisant l'objet de nombreuses études ; et cette altération est responsable d'un retentissement important sur le fonctionnement social de ces patients. Nous nous sommes interrogés dans ce travail sur la possibilité d'un lien entre les déficits en cognition sociale et le suicide dans la schizophrénie. La littérature retrouve une seule étude sur le sujet mettant en lien un déficit en théorie de l'esprit de second ordre et le risque suicidaire. Ce travail consiste en une étude rétrospective comparant deux groupes de patients schizophrènes stabilisés, suicidants et non-suicidants, sur des épreuves évaluant la théorie de l'esprit (TOM-15: épreuve de fausses croyances, Reading the Mind in the Eyes, épreuve de sous-entendus de Corcoran) Les résultats en analyse univariée montrent une différence significative sur deux épreuves sur trois, dans le sens d'une altération plus importante de la théorie de l'esprit chez les patients suicidants. L'analyse multivariée, après ajustement des variables, retrouve une différence significative sur une épreuve (TOM-15). Malgré les limites de cette étude, qui se veut préliminaire, ces résultats constituent un argument en faveur de notre hypothèse selon laquelle l'altération de la cognition sociale serait un facteur de risque suicidaire dans la schizophrénie. Il semble intéressant de poursuivre la réalisation d'autres études sur le sujet afin de préciser notamment quelles pourraient être les implications pratiques en clinique : réalisation de bilan cognitif, prise en charge par des stratégies de remédiation par exemple.
Download or read book Computers and Games for Mental Health and Well Being written by Yasser Khazaal and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2018-07-12 with total page 311 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent years have seen important developments in the computer and game industry, including the emergence of the concept of serious games. It is hypothesized that tools such as games, virtual reality, or applications for smartphones may foster learning, enhance motivation, promote behavioral change, support psychotherapy, favor empowerment, and improve some cognitive functions. Computers and games may create supports for training or help people with cognitive, emotional, or behavioral change. Games take various formats, from board games to informatics to games with interactive rules of play. Similarly, computer tools may vary widely in format, from self-help or assisted computerized training to virtual reality or applications for smartphones. Some tools that may be helpful for mental health were specifically designed for that goal, whereas others were not. Gamification of computer-related products and games with a numeric format tend to reduce the gap between games and computers tools and increase the conceptual synergy in such fields. Games and computer design share an opportunity for creativity and innovation to help create, specifically design, and assess preventive or therapeutic tools. Computers and games share a design conception that allows innovative approaches to overcome barriers of the real world by creating their own rules. Yet, despite the potential interest in such tools to improve treatment of mental disorders and to help prevent them, the field remains understudied and information is under-disseminated in clinical practice. Some studies have shown, however, that there is potential interest and acceptability of tools that support various vehicles, rationales, objectives, and formats. These tools include traditional games (e.g., chess games), popular electronic games, board games, computer-based interventions specifically designed for psychotherapy or cognitive training, virtual reality, apps for smartphones, and so forth. Computers and games may offer a true opportunity to develop, assess, and disseminate new prevention and treatment tools for mental health and well-being. Currently, there is a strong need for state-of-the-art information to answer questions such as the following: Why develop such tools for mental health and well-being? What are the potential additions to traditional treatments? What are the best strategies or formats to improve the possible impact of these tools? Are such tools useful as a first treatment step? What is the potential of a hybrid model of care that combines traditional approaches with games and/or computers as tools? What games and applications have already been designed and studied? What is the evidence from previous studies? How can such tools be successfully designed for mental health and well-being? What is rewarding or attractive for patients in using such treatments? What are the worldwide developments in the field? Are some protocols under development? What are the barriers and challenges related to such developments? How can these tools be assessed, and how can the way that they work, and for whom, be measured? Are the potential benefits of such products specific, or can these additions be attributed to nonspecific factors? What are the users’ views on such tools? What are the possible links between such tools and social networks? Is there a gap between evidence-based results and market development? Are there any quality challenges? What future developments and studies are needed in the field?
Download or read book Your Mindful Compass written by Andrea Maloney Schara and published by . This book was released on 2013-12-01 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Your Mindful Compass" takes us behind the emotional curtain to see the mechanisms regulating individuals in social systems. There is great comfort and wisdom in knowing we can increase our awareness to manage the swift and ancient mechanisms of social control. We can gain greater flexibility by seeing how social controls work in systems from ants to humans. To be less controlled by others, we learn how emotional systems influence our relationship-oriented brain. People want to know what goes on in families that give rise to amazing leaders and/or terrorists. For the first time in history we can understand the systems in which we live. The social sciences have been accumulating knowledge since the early fifties as to how we are regulated by others. S. Milgram, S. Ashe, P. Zimbardo and J. Calhoun, detail the vulnerability to being duped and deceived and the difficulty of cooperating when values differ. Murray Bowen, M.D., the first researcher to observe several live-in families, for up to three years, at the National Institute of Mental Health. Describing how family members overly influence one another and distribute stress unevenly, Bowen described both how symptoms and family leaders emerge in highly stressed families. Our brain is not organized to automatically perceive that each family has an emotional system, fine-tuned by evolution and "valuing" its survival as a whole, as much as the survival of any individual. It is easier to see this emotional system function in ants or mice but not in humans. The emotional system is organized to snooker us humans: encouraging us to take sides, run away from others, to pressure others, to get sick, to blame others, and to have great difficulty in seeing our part in problems. It is hard to see that we become anxious, stressed out and even that we are difficult to deal with. But "thinking systems" can open the doors of perception, allowing us to experience the world in a different way. This book offers both coaching ideas and stories from leaders as to strategies to break out from social control by de-triangling, using paradoxes, reversals and other types of interruptions of highly linked emotional processes. Time is needed to think clearly about the automatic nature of the two against one triangle. Time and experience is required as we learn strategies to put two people together and get self outside the control of the system. In addition, it takes time to clarify and define one's principles, to know what "I" will or will not do and to be able to take a stand with others with whom we are very involved. The good news is that systems' thinking is possible for anyone. It is always possible for an individual to understand feelings and to integrate them with their more rational brains. In so doing, an individual increases his or her ability to communicate despite misunderstandings or even rejection from important others. The effort involved in creating your Mindful Compass enables us to perceive the relationship system without experiencing it's threats. The four points on the Mindful Compass are: 1) Action for Self, 2) Resistance to Forward Progress, 3) Knowledge of Social Systems and the 4) The Ability to Stand Alone. Each gives us a view of the process one enters when making an effort to define a self and build an emotional backbone. It is not easy to find our way through the social jungle. The ability to know emotional systems well enough to take a position for self and to become more differentiated is part of the natural way humans cope with pressure. Now people can use available knowledge to build an emotional backbone, by thoughtfully altering their part in the relationship system. No one knows how far one can go by making an effort to be more of a self-defined individual in relationships to others. Through increasing emotional maturity, we can find greater individual freedom at the same time that we increase our ability to cooperate and to be close to others.
Download or read book Biosocialities Genetics and the Social Sciences written by Sahra Gibbon and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2007-07-20 with total page 387 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biosocialities, Genetics and the Social Sciences explores the social, cultural and economic transformations that result from innovations in genomic knowledge and technology. This pioneering collection uses Paul Rabinow’s concept of biosociality to chart the shifts in social relations and ideas about nature, biology and identity brought about by developments in biomedicine. Based on new empirical research, it contains chapters on genomic research into embryonic stem cell therapy, breast cancer, autism, Parkinson’s and IVF treatment, as well as on the expectations and education surrounding genomic research. It covers four main themes: novel modes of identity and identification, such as genetic citizenship the role of institutions, ranging from disease advocacy organizations and voluntary organizations to the state the production of biological knowledge, novel life-forms, and technologies the generation of wealth and commercial interests in biology. Including an afterword by Paul Rabinow and case studies on the UK, US, Canada, Germany, India and Israel, this book is key reading for students and researchers of the new genetics and the social sciences – particularly medical sociologists, medical anthropologists and those involved with science and technology studies.
Download or read book Collaboration with Parents of Exceptional Children written by Marvin J. Fine and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phronesis as Professional Knowledge written by Elizabeth Anne Kinsella and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-07-30 with total page 181 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Phronesis is the Aristotelian notion of practical wisdom. In this collected series, phronesis is explored as an alternate way of considering professional knowledge. In the present context dominated by technical rationalities and instrumentalist approaches, a re-examination of the concept of phronesis offers a fundamental re-visioning of the educational aims in professional schools and continuing professional education programs. This book originated from a conversation amongst an interdisciplinary group of scholars from education, health, philosophy, and sociology, who share concerns that something of fundamental importance – of moral signi?cance – is missing from the vision of what it means to be a professional. The contributors consider the ways in which phronesis offers a generative possibility for reconsidering the professional knowledge of practitioners. The question at the centre of this inquiry is: “If we take phronesis seriously as an organising framework for professional knowledge, what are the implications for professional education and practice?” A multiplicity of understandings emerge as to what is meant by phronesis and how it might be reinterpreted, understood, applied, and extended in a world radically different to that of the progenitor of the term, Aristotle. For those concerned with professional life this is a conversation not to be missed.
Download or read book Asperger s Children The Origins of Autism in Nazi Vienna written by Edith Sheffer and published by W. W. Norton & Company. This book was released on 2018-05-01 with total page 283 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: “An impassioned indictment, one that glows with the heat of a prosecution motivated by an ethical imperative.” —Lisa Appignanesi, New York Review of Books In the first comprehensive history of the links between autism and Nazism, prize-winning historian Edith Sheffer uncovers how a diagnosis common today emerged from the atrocities of the Third Reich. As the Nazi regime slaughtered millions across Europe during World War Two, it sorted people according to race, religion, behavior, and physical condition. Nazi psychiatrists targeted children with different kinds of minds—especially those thought to lack social skills—claiming the Reich had no place for them. Hans Asperger and his colleagues endeavored to mold certain “autistic” children into productive citizens, while transferring others to Spiegelgrund, one of the Reich’s deadliest child killing centers. In this unflinching history, Sheffer exposes Asperger’s complicity in the murderous policies of the Third Reich.
Download or read book The Qualities of Mothering written by Michael Rutter and published by Jason Aronson. This book was released on 1974 with total page 184 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book International Arranged Marriages written by and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 176 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Language Contact and Bilingualism written by René Appel and published by Amsterdam University Press. This book was released on 2005 with total page 229 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: What happens – sociologically, linguistically, educationally, politically – when more than one language is in regular use in a community? How do speakers handle these languages simultaneously, and what influence does this language contact have on the languages involved? Although most people in the world use more than one language in everyday life, the approach to the study of language has usually been that monolingualism is the norm. The recent interest in bilingualism and language contact has led to a number of new approaches, based on research in communities in many different parts of the world. This book draws together this diverse research, looking at examples from many different situations, to present the topic in any easily accessible form. Language contact is looked at from four distinct perspectives. The authors consider bilingual societies; bilingual speakers; language use in the bilingual community; finally language itself (do languages change when in contact with each other? Can they borrow rules of grammar, or just words? How can new languages emerge from language contact?). The result is a clear, concise synthesis offering a much-needed overview of this lively area of language study.
Download or read book Bilingualism written by Hugo Baetens Beardsmore and published by Multilingual Matters. This book was released on 1986 with total page 220 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This revised edition of a major textbook provides an introduction to the queries that arise in connection with bilingualism and the effect it has on the personality. It underlines the normality of speaking and using more than one language and aims to dispel many myths and fears. It should interest all types of reader - parents, educators and policy makers, as well as language specialists.
Download or read book Interviewer s Guide to the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM IV Dissociative Disorders SCID D written by Marlene Steinberg and published by American Psychiatric Pub. This book was released on 1994-12-01 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Designed to accompany the SCID-D, this guide instructs the clinician in the administration, scoring and interpretation of SCID-D interview. The Guide describes the phenomenology of dissociative symptoms and disorders, as well as the process of differential diagnosis. This revised edition includes a set of decision trees and four case studies.
Download or read book Al Jun n written by Ihsan Al-Issa and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Chapters on religion and psychopathology, mental illness in medieval Islamic society, and forensic psychiatry under Islamic law, are followed by chapters on psychopathology in the diverse cultures of Algeria, the Arab Gulf, Iran, Malaysia, Pakistan, and Saudi Arabia, and the mental health of Muslims who live in the West. The book concludes with chapters on psychotherapy in Islamic society, sex and sexual dysfunction."--BOOK JACKET.
Download or read book Queer Theory in Education written by William F. Pinar and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-10-02 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Theoretical studies in curriculum have begun to move into cultural studies--one vibrant and increasingly visible sector of which is queer theory. Queer Theory in Education brings together the most prominent and promising scholars in the field of education--primarily but not exclusively in curriculum--in the first volume on queer theory in education. In his perceptive introduction, the editor outlines queer theory as it is emerging in the field of education, its significance for all scholars and teachers, and its relation to queer theory in literacy theory and more generally, in the humanities.
Download or read book Burn Care and Treatment written by Marc G. Jeschke and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-12-21 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second edition of this practical guide offers a comprehensive summary of the most important and most immediate therapeutic approaches in the assessment and treatment of burn injuries. Taking into account age-specific needs in pediatric, adult, and elderly burn patients, several chapters on key issues – such as pre-hospital treatment, wound care and infection control, burn nursing, critical care, burn reconstructive surgery and rehabilitation for burn victims – have now been updated. In addition, the book has been supplemented with the latest information on fluid resuscitation, organ support for burn patients, necrotizing soft tissue infections, and TEN/SJS. Written in a concise manner, the updated edition of this book provides essential guidelines for optimal care to improve patient outcomes, and thus will be a valuable reference resource for physicians, surgeons, residents, nurses, and other burn care providers.
Download or read book A Compendium of Lacanian Terms written by Huguette Glowinski and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 248 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Jacques Lacan (1901-81) was one of the most original and controversial thinkers of the post-war period. His ideas had a profound effect on the intellectual movements of his time and his work is of continuing importance to a wide range of disciplines: psychoanalytic theory and practice, literary criticism, critical social theory, linguistics, cinema, art criticism and political science. Lacan's ideas can, however, be notoriously difficult: convoluted, idiosyncratic, arcane, and almost always obscure! A Compendium of Lacanian Terms provides students of Lacan with a clear and helpful exposition on some 40 key terms. Each entry outlines the conceptualization of the idea, locating it within Lacanian discourse, and the evolution of the term within the development of Lacan's ideas. A list of references is provided at the end of each entry. The editors' brief essay-like descriptions of key Lacanian terms are a superb idea, much needed in both academic and clinical arenas of psychoanalytic world. - Choice - Jan 2002
Download or read book Diagnosis and Treatment of Multiple Personality Disorder written by Frank W. Putnam and published by Guilford Press. This book was released on 1989-02-03 with total page 374 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Geared to the needs of mental health practitioners unfamiliar with dissociative disorders, this volume presents a comprehensive and integrated approach to diagnosis and treatment. Each step--from first interview to final post-integrative treatment--is systematically reviewed, with detailed instructions on specific diagnostic and therapeutic techniques and examples of their clinical applications. Concise yet thorough, the volume offers expert advice on such topics as how to foster a strong therapeutic alliance, how to manage crises, and what basic errors to avoid.
