Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Twin and Triple Elliptic Free Jets with Various Nozzle Orientations written by Ella Morris and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of nozzle orientation on the mixing and turbulent characteristics of elliptical free triple and twin jets were studied experimentally. The experiments were conducted using modified contoured nozzles with a sharp linear contraction. The centers of the nozzle pair had a separation ratio of s/d = 5.5 for twin jets and s/d = 4.1 for triple jets. For the twin-jet system, two nozzle configurations were tested, twin nozzles oriented along the minor plane (Twin_Minor) and twin nozzles oriented along the major plane (Twin_Major) and the results were compared with single jet. For the triple-jets system, three nozzle configurations were tested. The first configuration had each nozzle oriented along the minor plane (3_Minor), the next had two nozzles oriented along the minor plane and one along the major plane (Min_Maj_Min) and the last configuration had one nozzle oriented along the minor plane and two along the major plane (Maj_Min_Maj). In each case, the Reynolds number based on the maximum jet velocity and the equivalent diameter was 10,000. A planar particle image velocimetry system was used to measure the velocity field in the jet symmetry plane. The velocity decay, jet spread, merging point, combined point and potential core length were used to characterize the effects of nozzle orientation on the mixing performance. For both twin jets and triple jets, it was observed that the velocity decay rate is not sensitive to nozzle orientation. However, the spread rate was approximately 35% higher in the minor plane for each configuration. In addition, the potential core length for 3_Minor was approximately 42% shorter than Twin_Minor. Furthermore, contour plots of swirling strength, Reynolds shear stress and turbulent intensities revealed significant differences between the minor and major plane for both twin and triple jets. One-dimensional plots revealed that jets approached self-similarity at a faster rate in the major axis.

Download or read book Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power Vol 3 written by Suvanjan Bhattacharyya and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2023-04-17 with total page 628 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents the select proceedings of the 48th National Conference on Fluid Mechanics and Fluid Power (FMFP 2021) held at BITS Pilani in December 2021. It covers the topics such as fluid mechanics, measurement techniques in fluid flows, computational fluid dynamics, instability, transition and turbulence, fluid‐structure interaction, multiphase flows, micro- and nanoscale transport, bio-fluid mechanics, aerodynamics, turbomachinery, propulsion and power. The book will be useful for researchers and professionals interested in the broad field of mechanics.

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of an Axisymmetric Fully Developed Laminar Free Jet written by Eugene P. Symons and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: An experimental investigation was conducted to determine dynamic characteristics of a circular, fully developed, laminar free jet. Complete velocity profiles are presented at Reynolds numbers of 437 and 1839 at 0, 3, 6, 10, 15, and 25 diameters from the nozzle exit. Centerline velocity decay was obtained over a range of Reynolds numbers from 255 to 1839. Also presented are the angles of spread associated with the diffusion of the jet downstream of the nozzle. Where possible, results are compared with those obtained for laminar jets having an initially flat or uniform velocity profile at the nozzle exit.

Download or read book Experimental Investigation of Nozzle Geometry Effect on the Characteristics and Structure of Submerged Twin Jets written by Chidiebere Felix Nwaiwu and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The effects of nozzle geometry on the mean and turbulent characteristics of submerged twin jets were experimentally investigated. The experiments were conducted at fixed Reynolds number and offset height ratio of 4,400 and h⁄d=2, respectively. The jets were produced from three nozzle geometries: round, square, and rectangle, with the rectangular nozzle geometry oriented in the minor (rect_min) and major (rect_maj) planes. The twin nozzles of each geometry type were aligned parallel to the free surface, and the separation ratio between the twin jets was fixed at G⁄d=2.3 for all cases. Velocity measurements were obtained using a particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique, and analyses of various quantities such as the instantaneous, mean, and surface velocities, as well as the turbulent statistics were performed. The jet-free surface interaction was examined using mean and turbulent surface velocities at the free surface, velocity defect, and vorticity thickness. Two-point velocity correlation and joint probability density function revealed the dynamics of the turbulent structures. Results from the velocity contours showed that the shear layer expansion was most rapid in twin jets produced from the rect_min nozzle geometry, which resulted in the shortest attachment length to the free surface. The instantaneous velocity field showed the most prograde and retrograde vortices in the rect_min nozzle geometry, accounting for the fastest shear layer expansion. Surface-normal profiles of the Reynolds stress ratio showed an enhancement of about 60% at the free surface and that the Townsend structure parameter was dependent on nozzle geometry. The mean surface velocity revealed that the free surface was in a state of strain due to alternating velocity gradient and was most intense in the rect_min jet. Large-scale structures produced along the centreline of the jet father away from the free surface (jet B) showed a larger streamwise extent compared to those along the centreline of the jet closer to the free surface (jet A) and were independent of nozzle geometry. Analysis of the joint probability density function of the streamwise and surface-normal velocity fluctuations showed that within the shear layer, the Reynolds shear stress producing events were dominated by slow entrainment and fast ejection events, and the damping effect of the free surface was least on the rect_min jets.

Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of Highly Underexpanded Free Jets Impinging Upon a Parallel Flat Surface written by Allen R. Vick and published by . This book was released on 1964 with total page 70 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Experimental Study of Submerged Turbulent Twin Jets Interacting with a Free Surface and a Solid Wall written by Ebenezer Essel and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis presents an experimental investigation of the effects of offset height ratio and boundary condition (free surface and solid wall) on the turbulence characteristics of submerged twin jets issuing from two parallel round nozzles. A particle image velocimetry (PIV) technique was used to conduct two sets of experiments. The first set of experiments focused on twin surface jets at Reynolds number, Re = 4400, separation ratio (G/d = 2.3) and offset heights, 1d, 2d, 3d and 4d from the free surface. The second set of experiments, which was designed based on the main findings of the previous experiment, examined the effects of free surface and wall on the turbulence structure of the twin jets. These experiments were performed at Re = 5000, G/d = 2 and offset heights, 1d, 2d and 4d from the free surface or wall. For the surface jets, the mean velocity and turbulence intensities at the free surface rapidly increased beyond the attachment point by amounts that increases with decreasing offset ratio. Further downstream, the surface transverse turbulence intensities decayed to negligible values while the streamwise turbulence intensities were persistent because of the energy redistribution from the transverse Reynolds normal stress to the tangential (streamwise and spanwise) Reynolds stresses. For both boundary conditions, the attachment length, Reynolds stresses and the spatial extents of the large-scale structures increased with increasing offset ratio. The transition of the twin jets to a single jet was more rapid as offset ratio increases due to the enhanced entrainment and mixing for larger offset ratios. The evolution of the jet farther away from the free surface or wall behaved like a free jet, but the decay rate of the jet interacting with each boundary was substantially reduced in the far field due to confinement effects. The difference between the effects of free surface and wall on the mean velocity, Reynolds stresses and triple velocity correlations were confined to the immediate vicinity of each boundary. The interaction between the large-scale structures and the boundaries were also investigated using various multi-point statistical techniques such as discrete wavelet transform, linear stochastic estimation, swirling strength, joint probability density function and two-point velocity correlations. The results showed that, the wall considerably reduced the spatial coherence of the structures embodied in the transverse auto-correlations compared to those near the free surface.

Download or read book An Experimental Investigation of Unexcited and Excited Elliptic Jets written by Hyder S. Husain and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 376 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book written by and published by . This book was released on 1953 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book An Experimental Study on Rectangular Twin Jets written by Duygu Erdem and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Interaction of two incompressible rectangular jets and impingement of twin jets on a flat surface are investigated experimentally in the present study. Five different twin jet geometries are used to perform the measurements.Detailed analysis of initial flow characteristics as the initial boundary layer,turbulence level and the initial spectral distribution of the velocity fluctuations are presented first. Twin jet flow characteristics are examined by using three different Reynolds numbers based on the nozzle exit height. Flow pattern is investigated on lateral and spanwise directions. Following the twin jet experiments, results are compared with those of offset jet flow. Then, the effect of a convex surface between two jet exits on the flow development is examined.Twin jet impingement on a flat surface is investigated. To examine the effect of the non-dimensional nozzle to plate distance (Y /H+) on the flow , experiments are performed for three different nozzle to plate distances (Y/H+=2, 4, 8). Resultant velocity and turbulence intensity profiles and pressure distributions on the plate are measured.The mean velocity and turbulence intensities are measured by using constanttemperature hot-wire anemometry. Flow visualization techniques as smokevisualization and surface oil film technique are used for qualitative investigation of flow pattern. Pressure distributions on the impingement plate are measured by means of the pressure tabs on the surface and a micro manometer.This study consists of five chapters. Chapter 1 is the introduction which outlines the objectives and the means of the study. Chapter 2 describes basic principles of the turbulent, incompressible jet flow structure and gives literature review of the experimental studies and recent advances on the characteristics of the flow. Experimental flow facility , instrumentation and experimental procedures are described in Chapter 3. Experimental results are presented in Chapter 4. Finally, conclusions are given in Chapter 5. .

Download or read book Advances in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering written by Leijun Li and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-01-09 with total page 643 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book gathers outstanding papers presented at the International Conference on Advances in Materials and Manufacturing Engineering (ICAMME 2019), held at KIIT Deemed to be University, Bhubaneswar, India, from 15 to 17 March 2019. It covers theoretical and empirical developments in various areas of mechanical engineering, including manufacturing, production, machine design, fluid/thermal engineering, and materials.

Download or read book Japanese Science and Technology written by and published by . This book was released on 1986 with total page 724 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book International Aerospace Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 514 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Instrumentation Measurements and Experiments in Fluids written by Ethirajan Rathakrishnan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2016-12-19 with total page 613 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mechanical engineers involved with flow mechanics have long needed an authoritative reference that delves into all the essentials required for experimentation in fluids, a resource that can provide fundamental review, as well as the details necessary for experimentation on everything from household appliances to hi-tech rockets. Instrumentation, Measurements, and Experiments in Fluids meets this challenge, as its author is not only a highly respected pioneer in fluids, but also possesses twenty years experience teaching students of all levels. He clearly explains fundamental principles as well the tools and methods essential for advanced experimentation. Reflecting an awe for flow mechanics, along with a deep-rooted knowledge, the author has assembled a fourteen chapter volume that is destined to become a seminal work in the field. Providing ample detail for self study and the sort of elegant writing rarely found in so thorough a treatment, he provides insight into all the vital topics and issues associated with the devices and instruments used for fluid mechanics and gas dynamics experiments. Extremely organized, this work presents easy access to the principles behind the science and goes on to elucidate the current research and findings needed by those seeking to make further advancement. Unique and Thorough Coverage of Uncertainty Analysis The author provides valuable insight into the vital issues associated with the devices used in fluid mechanics and gas dynamics experiments. Leaving nothing to doubt, he tackles the most difficult concepts and ends the book with an introduction to uncertainty analysis. Structured and detailed enough for self study, this volume also provides the backbone for both undergraduate and graduate courses on fluids experimentation.

Download or read book Emerging Trends in Engineering Science and Technology for Society Energy and Environment written by Rajesh Vanchipura and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2018-08-06 with total page 1064 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The International Conference on Emerging Trends in Engineering, Science and Technology (ICETEST) was held at the Government Engineering College, Thrissur, Kerala, India, from 18th to 20th January 2018, with the theme, “Society, Energy and Environment”, covering related topics in the areas of Civil Engineering, Mechanical Engineering, Electrical Engineering, Chemical Engineering, Electronics & Communication Engineering, Computer Science and Architecture. Conflict between energy and environment has been of global significance in recent years. Academic research needs to support the industry and society through socially and environmentally sustainable outcomes. ICETEST 2018 was organized with this specific objective. The conference provided a platform for researchers from different domains, to discuss and disseminate their findings. Outstanding speakers, faculties, and scholars from different parts of the world presented their research outcomes in modern technologies using sustainable technologies.

Download or read book Fundamentals of Rocket Propulsion written by DP Mishra and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-07-20 with total page 364 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The book follows a unified approach to present the basic principles of rocket propulsion in concise and lucid form. This textbook comprises of ten chapters ranging from brief introduction and elements of rocket propulsion, aerothermodynamics to solid, liquid and hybrid propellant rocket engines with chapter on electrical propulsion. Worked out examples are also provided at the end of chapter for understanding uncertainty analysis. This book is designed and developed as an introductory text on the fundamental aspects of rocket propulsion for both undergraduate and graduate students. It is also aimed towards practicing engineers in the field of space engineering. This comprehensive guide also provides adequate problems for audience to understand intricate aspects of rocket propulsion enabling them to design and develop rocket engines for peaceful purposes.

Download or read book Classical Aerodynamic Theory written by and published by . This book was released on 1979 with total page 324 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Applied Mechanics Reviews written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: