Download or read book Evolution and Biogeography of Balsaminaceae Insights from Molecular Phylogeny written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Balsaminaceae has two genera: Hydrocera with only one species and Impatiens, with over 1000 species. Hydrocera is found in the Indo-Malaysia areas, and Impatiens is highly clustered in tropical Africa, Madagascar, southern India, the eastern Himalayas, Southeast Asia. Only a few Impatiens species are found in the temperate areas of the northern hemisphere. In order to have a better understanding of the morphological and karyological evolution, an seedcoat micromorphology investigation with 38 species of Impatiens and a karyological investigation with 45 species of Impatiens was carried out. A high diversity were found in seedcoat micromorphology of Impatiens. Four morphological types were distinguished. Taxonomic and phylogenetic implications of the seedcoat micromorphology are also discussed. Karyological investigations revealed the somatic chromosome numbers vary greatly from 2n=6 to 2n=66 in Impatiens. Considering all the available chromosomal data, x=7, 8, 9, 10 are the most frequent basic numbers of the family. Geographic distributions of the most frequent basic numbers show interesting patters in hotspots of Impatiens. The DNA molecular phylogenetics of this family were then explored. One nuclear DNA region, internal transcribed spacers (ITS) and two non-coding chloroplast DNA regions, trnL-trnF and aptB-rbcL have been chosen as DNA mark. 182 species of this family coming from different distribution center and three species of Marcgraviaceae and two species of Tetrameristaceae were amplified by PCR, sequenced and phylogenetically analyzed applying distance estimates and Bayesian method. Five phylogenetic topologies were received. They are congruent with each other, but not identical. Only combined Bayesian tree is well supported in most of the lineages. Molecular phylogeny results confirmed the monophyly of Balsaminaceae and Impatiens and it showed that the phylogenetic relationships in Impatiens are associated with geographic distribution, less defined by gro.
Download or read book Evolution and Biogeography of Balsaminaceae written by Yi Song (biologiste.) and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Phylogeny and Biogeography of Balsaminaceae Inferred from ITS Sequences written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Balsaminaceae in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands written by Marie Elisette Rahelivololona and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plants of the World written by Maarten J. M. Christenhusz and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2017-11-13 with total page 801 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plants of the World is the first book to systematically explore every vascular plant family on earth—more than four hundred and fifty of them—organized in a modern phylogenetic order. Detailed entries for each family include descriptions, distribution, evolutionary relationships, and fascinating information on economic uses of plants and etymology of their names. All entries are also copiously illustrated in full color with more than 2,500 stunning photographs. A collaboration among three celebrated botanists at the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, Plants of the World is authoritative, comprehensive, and beautiful. Covering everything from ferns to angiosperms, it will be an essential resource for practicing botanists, horticulturists, and nascent green thumbs alike.
Download or read book Plant Systematics written by Michael G. Simpson and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-10 with total page 776 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Plant Systematics, Third Edition, has made substantial contributions to plant systematics courses at the upper-undergraduate and first year graduate level, with the first edition winning The New York Botanical Garden's Henry Allan Gleason Award for outstanding recent publication in plant taxonomy, plant ecology or plant geography. This third edition continues to provide the basis for teaching an introduction to the morphology, evolution and classification of land plants. A foundation of the approach, methods, research goals, evidence and terminology of plant systematics are presented, along with the most recent knowledge of evolutionary relationships of plants and practical information vital to the field. In this new edition, the author includes greatly expanded treatments on families of flowering plants, as well as tropical trees (all with full-color plates), and an updated explanation of maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference algorithms. Chapters on morphology and plant nomenclature have also been enhanced with new material. Covers research developments in plant molecular biology Features clear, detailed cladograms, drawings and photos Includes major revisions to chapters on phylogenetic systematics and plant morphology
Download or read book Impatiens of Africa written by Christopher Grey-Wilson and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1980-06-01 with total page 270 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This text gives an account of the 110 species that occur in Africa, and includes a key to these species.
Download or read book Balsaminaceae in Madagascar and the Comoro Islands written by Marie Elisette Rahelivololona and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plant Systematics written by Gurcharan Singh and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2019-06-07 with total page 568 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This fourth edition of Plant Systematics is completely revised and updated. It incorporates the updated International Code of Nomenclature for Algae, Fungi and Plants (Shenzhen Code, 2018), the new version of PhyloCode (Beta version of Phylocode 5, 2014), APweb version 14 (September, 2018), revised Angiosperm Phylogeny Group classification (APG IV, 2016), new Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group Classification (PPG I, 2016), besides the updates since the publication of third edition. The book is a blend of classical fundamental aspects and recent developments, especially in the field of molecular systematics, cladistics and computer identification. Special attention has been given to information on botanical nomenclature, identification, molecular systematics and phylogeny of angiosperms. The complicated concepts of phylogeny, taxometrics and cladistics have been explained with a view to providing a comparison between these diverse but interactive fields of study. An attempt has been made to build upon a common example when exploring different methods, especially in procedures of identification, taxometrics and cladistics. The major systems of classification are evaluated critically. Discussion on major families of Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms and Angiosperms, especially those of major phylogenetic interest, form a major portion of this edition. The ebook includes nearly 500 color photographs set out in 36 pages covering plants from different parts of the world. In addition, 305 black & white illustrations have been included to provide a better understanding of the plants covered in the book.
Download or read book Phylogenetic Hypothesis of the Oleeae Tribe Oleaceae written by Loubab Zedane and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Oleeae tribe (Oleaceae) is a very interesting biological model to investigate plant diversification and molecular evolution patterns. However, a comprehensive phylogeny is missing to accurately describe the evolutionary and biogeographic history of this tribe. Reconstructions the Oleeae evolutionary history and the phylogenetic relationships between its species were the core of this thesis. This work has led to significant progress in resolving the phylogenetic relationships within the tribe at different taxonomic levels. We demonstrated that the use of a shotgun approach is a highly suitable method to generate complete plastomes (ptDNA) and nuclear ribosomal DNA (nrDNA), even on herbarium sample. We showed the usefulness of ptDNA to reconstruct highly resolved phylogeny of Oleeae and provided new insights into the biogeographic history and the evolution of some traits. We also showed that the evolution of nrDNA base-composition seems to be influenced by environmental factors.
Download or read book Towards a Molecular Phylogeny of Biomphlaraia an Investigation Into Relationships and Biogeography of Species in Africa and South America written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Plants of Oceanic Islands written by Tod F. Stuessy and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2017-10-26 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a comprehensive view of the origin and evolution of the plants of an entire oceanic archipelago.
Download or read book Biochemistry of Insects written by Morris Rockstein and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 666 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Biochemistry of Insects reviews the state of knowledge in insect biochemistry. The book begins by examining the function of carbohydrates in regulating and maintaining the life processes of insects. This is followed by separate chapters on the functional roles of lipids and proteins in insects; and protein synthesis in insects. Subsequent chapters cover the chemistry of insect cuticle; the structure, distribution, and chemistry of insect biochromes; and chemical control of insect behavior. Also discussed are the biochemical aspects of the natural products used by insects in defensive contexts; the reaction of insecticides and related compounds with their targets; detoxification mechanisms in insects; and genetic variation in natural populations. Designed to serve as a basic textbook in field, this volume should be equally useful as an auxiliary text for most relevant courses in insect biology, particularly insect physiology, insect ecology, insect control, and economic entomology. The book should also serve as an important reference source for the advanced student, the research scientist, and the professional entomologist seeking authoritative details of relevant areas of subject matter.
Download or read book Phylogeny Biogeography and Breeding System Evolution in Moraceae written by Qian Zhang (chercheur en biologie végétale).) and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Angiosperms are the most diversified clade of extant plants and are exceptionally species-rich in tropical regions. In this thesis, I investigated breeding system evolution and biogeographic history in the family Moraceae, which I used as a model clade to understand the origin and evolution of diversity of angiosperms. In Chapter I, I reconstructed and calibrated a new dated phylogenetic tree for Moraceae as a whole. I then used this tree to reconstruct ancestral states of breeding systems in Moraceae and Ficus. The crown group ages of Moraceae and Ficus were estimated in the Cretaceous and in the Eocene, respectively. Dioecy was inferred as the ancestral breeding systems of Moraceae, with several subsequent transitions to monoecy, including in Ficus. This result suggests that dioecy is not necessarily an evolutionary dead end. In Chapter II, I reconstructed a dated phylogenetic tree for tribe Dorstenieae, mainly distributed in tropical regions, with a new data set of nuclear genomic data generated with a Hyb-Seq approach. Biogeographic history was then reconstructed using dispersal-extinction-cladogenesis models. The crown group ages of Dorstenieae and Dorstenia were estimated in the Cretaceous and in the Cretaceous/Paleocene period, respectively. Two long-distance dispersal events from continental Africa to South America occurred in the Cenozoic (Dorstenia and Brosimum s.l.). In Chapter III, I tested the climatic niche difference (temperature and precipitation) between the two breeding systems (monoecy and gynodioecy) in Ficus using a new dataset of cleaned spatial occurrence records and breeding systems for 183 species. I used two comparative approaches: generalized estimating equations (GEE) and generalized linear models (GLM). A positive relationship between precipitation and gynodioecy was supported by GLM, but not GEE analyses, and no relationship between temperature and breeding systems was supported by either method. Higher dispersal ability and the potential for self-fertilization may explain why monoecious species of Ficus have been able to colonize and survive in drier environments. This thesis highlights the potential of phylogenetic comparative methods and phylogenomic data to address questions of breeding system evolution and biogeography in Moraceae, and opens up several important new perspectives worth investigating in other plant clades, such as a relationship between breeding system and climatic niche.
Download or read book Molecular Phylogenetic Studies in the Linaceae and Linum with Implications for Their Systematics and Historical Biogeography written by Joshua Robert McDill and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 618 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Best-known as the family of the cultivated flax, Linum usitatissimum L., the Linaceae is a small but ecologically diverse family of flowering plants, with approximately 250 species distributed throughout the temperate and tropical latitudes of the world. This work is an investigation of the systematics and biogeography of the family and a portion of its largest genus, Linum, using molecular phylogenetic methods. I collected DNA sequences of rbcL and matK genes from 51 species of Linaceae, representing all 14 genera, and combined them with data from 24 other families of the order Malpighiales in phylogenetic analyses. Results strongly support the monophyly of Linaceae and subfamily Linoideae in their current circumscriptions, but subfamily Hugonioideae is poorly supported. Molecular dating analysis suggests that the temperate Linoideae diversified in the Eocene or Oligocene, while tropical Hugonioideae diversified later, during the Miocene, perhaps ruling out Gondwanan vicariance as an explanation for their Pantropical distribution. Hugonia and Linum, the largest genera in their respective subfamilies, are each found have multiple segregate genera nested within them, indicating potential need for taxonomic revision of each subfamily. In Linoideae, I further investigate the phylogeny of a lineage that includes the yellow-flowered Linum sections Cathartolinum, Linopsis, and Syllinum, and the segregate genera Cliococca, Hesperolinon, Radiola, and Sclerolinon, to provide a framework in which to assess character evolution, classification, and biogeography. With data from four chloroplast markers (matK, ndhF, trnK 3' intron, trnL-F region) and the nuclear ITS, and extensive sampling from Linum section Linopsis from Eurasia, Africa, and the Americas, Hesperolinon and Sclerolinon are shown to be related to a lineage of Central American linums including L. mexicanum Kunth and L. guatemalense Benth., while Cliococca is affiliated with South American Linum. The phylogeny supportes previous hypotheses of the evolution of some taxonomically important characters, and several well-supported lineages are identified which correspond to previously proposed taxonomic groupings. Results also provide evidence for a single trans-Atlantic disjunction and independent Old and New World colonizations of the southern hemisphere in yellow-flowered Linum, occurring during the Miocene.
Download or read book Molecular Phylogeny Evolution and Biogeography of the Andean Gynoxyoid Group Compositae Asteroideae Senecioneae written by Andrea Belen Escobari Vargas and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Molecular Phylogeny and Biogeography of an Extinct Legume Hymenaea Protera from Dominican Amber written by Hendrik Nicholas Poinar and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 202 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A small portion of the ribulose bisphosphate decarboxylase oxygenase gene (rbcL) was extracted from two extinct Hymenaea species as well as ten extant species to better understand the phylogeny and origin of this genus.
