Download or read book Evidence and research gaps identified during development of policy guidelines for tuberculosis written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-12-13 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving the goals and targets of the WHO End TB Strategy requires innovative tools and strategies as well as rapid progress towards universal access. This document summarizes evidence gaps articulated in various WHO tuberculosis TB policy guidance to help steer innovation towards sustainable, desirable, acceptable, and feasible public health interventions required to end TB. It aims to serve as a reference for research policy-makers, funders, civil society and other relevant actors on the urgent TB research priorities for policy guidance.
Download or read book Evidence and research gaps identified during development of policy guidelines for tuberculosis written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2024-01-22 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Achieving the goals and targets of the WHO End TB Strategy requires innovative tools and strategies as well as rapid progress towards universal access. This document serves as an update to a previously released report with an identical title: It summarizes evidence gaps articulated in various WHO TB policy guidance to help steer innovation towards sustainable, desirable, acceptable, and feasible public health interventions required to end TB. It aims to serve as a reference for research policy-makers, funders, civil society and other relevant actors on the urgent TB research priorities for policy guidance.
Download or read book Fourth WHO consultation on the translation of tuberculosis research into global policy guidelines written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2024-04-17 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Global Tuberculosis Programme of the World Health Organization has the mandate to develop and disseminate evidence-based policy for tuberculosis prevention, diagnosis, treatment, and care. Regular review of evidence, and assessment of country needs for policy across the cascade of care is part of its core function. In this regard, GTB organized a fourth consultation assembling scientists, public health experts, partners, civil society, and countries to exchange views on emerging areas of need for evidence and for global TB policy guidance to achieve the goals and targets of the WHO End TB Strategy. The present report summarizes the outcome of this meeting.
Download or read book WHO consultation on the translation of tuberculosis research into global policy guidelines written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-04-30 with total page 24 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Regular review of evidence, and assessment of country needs for policy across the cascade of care is part of the core function of the Global Tuberculosis Programme of the World Health Organization (WHO/GTB). In this regard, GTB organized a consultation (2-4 March 2021) assembling scientists, public health experts, partners, civil society and countries to exchange views on emerging needs of Member States for policy guidance; to discuss critical evidence gaps related to emerging global TB policy development needs; and, to identify topical strategies best positioned to enhance the implementation and evaluation of global TB policy guidance. The present report summarizes the discussions from this meeting.
Download or read book Situational assessment checklist to guide implementation of the global strategy for tuberculosis research and innovation written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-03-23 with total page 21 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Research along its full spectrum is critical for developing new tools and strategies for better tuberculosis (TB) prevention, diagnosis, treatment and care and to provide scientific evidence for programmes, practitioners and policy-makers working to alleviate morbidity and mortality from TB. Under the leadership of WHO, a global strategy for TB research and innovation was developed and adopted by Member States in 2020 to advance research and innovation, by translating political commitments made in the Moscow Declaration to End TB (2017) and the political declaration at the United Nations high-level meeting on TB (2018) into concrete actions. The present document is a checklist that allows for a robust analysis of the current situation at country level, to build an evidence base for prioritizing the implementations of the recommendations made in the global strategy through changes in policies, programmes and interventions. It is designed as a reference for ministries of health and other entities responsible for overseeing the implementation of the global strategy.
Download or read book Second WHO consultation on the translation of tuberculosis research into global policy guidelines written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2022-05-30 with total page 18 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Global tuberculosis report 2022 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2022-10-27 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Strategic and Technical Advisory Group for Tuberculosis STAG TB written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2023-01-27 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides the conclusions and recommendations of the 22nd meeting of WHO Strategic and Technical Advisory Group for Tuberculosis (STAG-TB), held in June 2022. In its work on TB, the World Health Organization (WHO) aims for a world free of TB and, as part of the Sustainable Development Goals, to end the global TB epidemic by 2030. It seeks to enable universal access to TB prevention and care, guide the global response to threats, and promote innovation. The WHO Secretariat, at all its levels, requires regular scientific, technical and strategic advice from the STAG-TB, the most recent of which is outlined in this report.
Download or read book Guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection written by WHO and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2015-01-15 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: Latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI), defined as a state of persistent immune response to prior-acquired Mycobacterium tuberculosis antigens without evidence of clinically manifested active TB, affects about one-third of the world's population. Approximately 10% of people with LTBI will develop active TB disease in their lifetime, with the majority developing it within the first five years after initial infection. Currently available treatments have an efficacy ranging from 60% to 90%. Systematic testing and treatment of LTBI in at-risk populations is a critical component of WHO's eight-point framework adapted from the End TB Strategy to target pre-elimination and, ultimately, elimination in low incidence countries. OVERVIEW: Recognizing the importance of expanding the response to LTBI, in 2014 WHO developed Guidelines on the Management of Latent Tuberculosis Infection. The guidelines are primarily targeted at high-income or upper middle-income countries with an estimated TB incidence rate of less than 100 per 100 000 population, because they are most likely to benefit from it due to their current TB epidemiology and resource availability. The overall objective of the guidelines is to provide public health approach guidance on evidence-based practices for testing, treating and managing LTBI in individuals with the highest risk of progression to active disease. Specific objectives include identifying and prioritizing at-risk population groups for targeted intervention of LTBI testing and treatment, including defining an algorithm, and recommending specific treatment options. The guidelines are expected to provide the basis and rationale for the development of national guidelines for LTBI management based on available resources, epidemiology of TB including intensity of transmission, the health-care delivery system of the country, and other national and local determinants.
Download or read book Discovering Tuberculosis written by Christian W. McMillen and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 2015-06-28 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Tuberculosis is one of the world’s deadliest infectious diseases, killing nearly two million people every year—more now than at any other time in history. While the developed world has nearly forgotten about TB, it continues to wreak havoc across much of the globe. In this interdisciplinary study of global efforts to control TB, Christian McMillen examines the disease’s remarkable staying power by offering a probing look at key locations, developments, ideas, and medical successes and failures since 1900. He explores TB and race in east Africa, in South Africa, and on Native American reservations in the first half of the twentieth century, investigates the unsuccessful search for a vaccine, uncovers the origins of drug-resistant tuberculosis in Kenya and elsewhere in the decades following World War II, and details the tragic story of the resurgence of TB in the era of HIV/AIDS. Discovering Tuberculosis explains why controlling TB has been, and continues to be, so difficult.
Download or read book Implementation of New Diagnostics for Tuberculosis written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 198 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Tuberculosis (TB) remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide with an estimated 9.0 million people who developed TB in 2013, of whom around one-third remained undiagnosed. The release of global guidance on new TB diagnostics has accelerated since 2007, but there remains a gap in local implementation. This thesis investigated the extent of this gap and generated evidence to support implementation of the most recently recommended test for TB and drug-resistant TB, the Xpert MTB/RIF assay. This thesis showed that by 2009 only half of high-burden TB and multidrug-resistant TB countries had started introduction of new TB diagnostic methods and were aware of recent global guidelines. Also, there was substantial lack of published scientific evidence to support the translation of global TB diagnostic policies into local practice. More operational research was needed to provide evidence on scale-up of new TB diagnostics for both local and global policy-makers. Field studies presented in this thesis found that the introduction of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay was feasible and effective in Indonesia and Kazakhstan, as well as cost-effective in India, South Africa and Uganda. Xpert MTB/RIF helped to start more drug-resistant TB patients on appropriate treatment and initiate treatment earlier than conventional methods. However, under- and over-treatment after diagnosis can undermine the impact of any new test on patient-important outcomes. Future studies should take into account operational aspects that reflect the mismatch between diagnosis and treatment, including patient drop-out rates, diagnostic delays, clinical decision-making processes and rates of empirical treatment."--Samenvatting auteur.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities Third Edition Volume 6 written by King K. Holmes and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2017-11-06 with total page 1027 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Infectious diseases are the leading cause of death globally, particularly among children and young adults. The spread of new pathogens and the threat of antimicrobial resistance pose particular challenges in combating these diseases. Major Infectious Diseases identifies feasible, cost-effective packages of interventions and strategies across delivery platforms to prevent and treat HIV/AIDS, other sexually transmitted infections, tuberculosis, malaria, adult febrile illness, viral hepatitis, and neglected tropical diseases. The volume emphasizes the need to effectively address emerging antimicrobial resistance, strengthen health systems, and increase access to care. The attainable goals are to reduce incidence, develop innovative approaches, and optimize existing tools in resource-constrained settings.
Download or read book WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis Module 4 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2020-06-15 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) strains with drug resistance (DR-TB) are more difficult to treat than drug-susceptible ones, and threaten global progress towards the targets set by the End TB Strategy of the World Health Organization (WHO). WHO estimates that about half a million cases of multi-drug or rifampicin resistant (MDR/RR-TB) are estimated to occur each year. However, only one third were estimated to have accessed effective treatment and of those, just over half had a successful treatment outcome. Therefore, there is a pressing need for evidence-based policy recommendations on the treatment and care of patients with DR-TB, based on the most recent and comprehensive evidence available. In this regard, the WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment fulfills the mandate of WHO to inform health care professionals in Member States on how to improve treatment and care for patients with DR-TB. The 2020 recommendations on drug resistant TB treatment are contained in the second module to be released under the rubric of WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis (Module 4: Treatment). The WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis will group all TB recommendations in one document and will be complemented by matching modules of a consolidated operational handbook. The operational handbook will provide practical advice on how to put in place the recommendations at the scale needed to achieve national and global impact. OVERVIEW: Between 2011 and 2019, WHO has developed and issued evidence-based policy recommendations on the treatment and care of patients with DR-TB. These policy recommendations have been presented in several WHO documents and their associated annexes, including the WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Drug Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment, issued by WHO in March 2019. The policy recommendations in each of these guidelines have been developed by WHO-convened Guideline Development Groups, using the GRADE (Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) approach to summarize the evidence, and formulate policy recommendations and accompanying remarks. The present WHO Consolidated Guidelines on Tuberculosis, Module 4: Treatment - Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis Treatment includes a comprehensive set of WHO recommendations for the treatment and care of DR-TB. The document includes two new recommendations, one on the composition of shorter regimens and one on the use of the BPaL regimen (i.e. bedaquiline, pretomanid and linezolid). In addition, the consolidated guidelines include existing recommendations on treatment regimens for isoniazid-resistant TB and MDR/RR-TB, including longer regimens, culture monitoring of patients on treatment, the timing of antiretroviral therapy (ART) in MDR/RR-TB patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), the use of surgery for patients receiving MDR-TB treatment, and optimal models of patient support and care. The guidelines are to be used primarily in national TB programmes, or their equivalents in Ministries of Health, and for other policy-makers and technical organizations working on TB and infectious diseases in public and private sectors and in the community.
Download or read book WHO consolidated guidelines on tuberculosis Module 3 written by World Health Organization and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2022-08-12 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The consolidated and updated guidelines in the current Module 3: Diagnosis. Tests for TB infection brings together, without modifications, all valid and evidence-based recommendations from the 2011 and 2020 guideline updates and adds a new section based on the recent round of guidelines development in 2022 – the recommendations on M. tuberculosis antigen-based skin tests for the diagnosis of TB infection.
Download or read book Framework for Conducting Reviews of Tuberculosis Programmes written by World Health Organization and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The review of a formal national tuberculosis (TB) programme (or the efforts that countries make to control the disease regardless of the existence of a formal "programme") is an important exercise to evaluate the implementation and impact of TB prevention, care and control. It should be jointly undertaken by the government together with the relevant national and international partners that are involved in TB efforts. A TB programme review assesses the performance of the strategy implemented to fight TB and identifies the strengths and weaknesses of interventions that have been put in place. An appropriate review must, then, describe specific recommendations on the strategic orientations that need to be adopted and developed to overcome the gaps identified in the way that TB prevention, care and control are being implemented. These recommendations provide the foundation for improving the strategy adopted to control TB and for revising or developing a national strategic plan. Moreover, the review of a TB programme provides an important opportunity to advocate for TB prevention, care and control among policy makers, to strengthen the engagement of national health authorities and key stakeholders, and to enhance the mobilization of resources from both domestic and international sources. The first WHO guidelines on how to review a TB programme were published in 1998, and were designed to support the assessment of, and improvements to, the implementation of the DOTS strategy. Since then, there have been major evolutions in the WHO strategy for prevention, care and control of TB. Important new interventions have been defined, developed and implemented: for example, collaborative TB/HIV activities and the programmatic management of drug-resistant TB. Therefore, this new guidance takes into consideration all strategic approaches that are part of the current WHO strategy for TB control. In 2013, WHO began developing a post-2015 global tuberculosis strategy. Thus, this guidance will be further updated once the new strategy is fully translated into operational language. The main purpose of this document is therefore to provide guidance on how to organize a review of a national TB programme. It identifies the keys steps needed to plan and prepare the review and specifies how to carry out field visits. It also describes the process of using the findings of the field visits, formulating recommendations and developing a review report. The document also includes, in annexes and in web-based format, checklists that can be adapted and used to assess key areas of TB prevention, care and control such as TB surveillance system, the management of the TB programme, and the process of TB case finding.
Download or read book Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries written by Dean T. Jamison and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2006-04-02 with total page 1449 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Based on careful analysis of burden of disease and the costs ofinterventions, this second edition of 'Disease Control Priorities in Developing Countries, 2nd edition' highlights achievable priorities; measures progresstoward providing efficient, equitable care; promotes cost-effectiveinterventions to targeted populations; and encourages integrated effortsto optimize health. Nearly 500 experts - scientists, epidemiologists, health economists,academicians, and public health practitioners - from around the worldcontributed to the data sources and methodologies, and identifiedchallenges and priorities, resulting in this integrated, comprehensivereference volume on the state of health in developing countries.
Download or read book Report of the technical consultation on innovative clinical trial designs for development of new TB treatments written by and published by World Health Organization. This book was released on 2021-07-28 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Global Tuberculosis Programme of the World Health Organization (WHO) convened a virtual technical consultation on “Innovative Clinical Trial Designs for Development of New TB Treatments” on 5 days between 20 August and 13 October 2021. The main objective of the meeting was to establish evidence-based approaches to trial designs and use of data to inform policy guidance of new regimens for the treatment of TB with the view to accelerate future regimen development. The consultation brought together researchers, academics, technical partners, TB drugs and regimens developers including pharmaceutical industry, trialists, regulators, guideline developers, programme managers, nongovernmental organizations and civil society.
