Download or read book Evapotranspiration from Plant Communities written by M.L. Sharma and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A change in land use has been found to alter the components of the hydrological cycle through its effects on evapotranspiration. This influences planning and management of water resources. The Workshop, from which this volume was derived, was organized in this context to discuss processes and techniques relevant to estimating evapotranspiration of communities ranging from agricultural to forested lands. Its objectives were to provide a forum for exchange of ideas, to gather up-to-date information on the state of the art, and to identify priority areas for future research.The eighteen papers in this volume have been selected from those presented at the Workshop on the basis of technical quality and subject matter coverage and result in a valuable contribution to our current understanding of evapotranspiration.

Download or read book Evapotranspiration from Plant Communities written by Munna L. Sharma and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evapotranspiration in the Soil Plant Atmosphere System written by Viliam Novak and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-06-25 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evapotranspiration and its components (evaporation and transpiration) as a process is one of the basic terms of Earth's water balance; its importance is accented by the fact that transpiration is the vital element of the biomass production process. The second important property of evapotranspiration is its extreme consumption of solar energy, thus controlling the temperature of the atmosphere and creating favourable conditions for life. Evapotranspiration as an energy consuming process is also the connection between the energy and mass cycles of the Earth. Evapotranspiration is a process performing in the Soil–Plant –Atmosphere System (SPAS); therefore this book is presenting and quantifying it as a catenary process, describing transport of water in the soil, including root extraction patterns and methods of its evaluation. Transport of water through the plant and from the canopy to the atmosphere is also described and quantified. A variety of evapotranspiration (and its components evaporation and transpiration) calculation methods are described, starting from empirical methods up to the most sophisticated ones based on the solution of the transport equations of water and energy in the SPAS. The most important (and widely used) calculation method - modified Penman–Monteith method is described in details, ready to be used with data in the book only. Water balance method of evapotranspiration estimation as well as sap flow method description can be found in the book as well. The book can be used by hydrologists, biologists, meteorologists and other specialists as well as by ecology students. Key themes: soil hydrology – evapotranspiration – hydropedology– plant physiology – water movement in soils – evaporation – transpiration Dr. Viliam Novák is a water resources scientist at the Institute of Hydrology of the Slovak Academy of Sciences in Bratislava (Slovakia).

Download or read book Evapotranspiration from Successional Vegetation in a Deforested Area of the Lake Wales Ridge Florida written by D. M. Sumner and published by . This book was released on 1996 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evapotranspiration Over Spatially Extensive Plant Communities in the Big Cypress written by W. Barclay Shoemaker and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2014-07-10 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evapotranspiration (ET) was quantified over plant communities within the Big Cypress National Preserve (BCNP) using the eddy covariance method for a period of 3 years from October 2007 to September 2010. Plant com- munities selected for study included Pine Upland, Wet Prairie, Marsh, Cypress Swamp, and Dwarf Cypress. These plant com- munities are spatially extensive in southern Florida, and thus, the ET measurements described herein can be applied to other humid subtropical locations such as the Everglades.

Download or read book Evapotranspiration Over Spatially Extensive Plant Communities in the Big Cypress National Preserve Southern Florida 2007 2010 written by W. Barclay Shoemaker and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 46 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evapotranspiration from Plant Communities written by M.L. (ed. ) Sharma and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 343 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Physiology of Woody Plants written by Stephen G. Pallardy and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2010-07-20 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Woody plants such as trees have a significant economic and climatic influence on global economies and ecologies. This completely revised classic book is an up-to-date synthesis of the intensive research devoted to woody plants published in the second edition, with additional important aspects from the authors' previous book, Growth Control in Woody Plants. Intended primarily as a reference for researchers, the interdisciplinary nature of the book makes it useful to a broad range of scientists and researchers from agroforesters, agronomists, and arborists to plant pathologists and soil scientists. This third edition provides crutial updates to many chapters, including: responses of plants to elevated CO2; the process and regulation of cambial growth; photoinhibition and photoprotection of photosynthesis; nitrogen metabolism and internal recycling, and more. Revised chapters focus on emerging discoveries of the patterns and processes of woody plant physiology. * The only book to provide recommendations for the use of specific management practices and experimental procedures and equipment*Updated coverage of nearly all topics of interest to woody plant physiologists* Extensive revisions of chapters relating to key processes in growth, photosynthesis, and water relations* More than 500 new references * Examples of molecular-level evidence incorporated in discussion of the role of expansion proteins in plant growth; mechanism of ATP production by coupling factor in photosynthesis; the role of cellulose synthase in cell wall construction; structure-function relationships for aquaporin proteins

Download or read book Simulation Model for Transpiration Evaporation and Growth of Plant Communities written by Henrik Eckersten and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Estimates of Evapotranspiration in Alkaline Scrub and Meadow Communities of Owens Valley California Using the Bowen ratio Eddy correlation and Penman combination Methods written by Lowell F. W. Duell and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book From Conduits to Communities written by Patrick John Mitchell and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: [Truncated abstract] Understanding the ecohydrological dynamics of native vegetation can provide a benchmark for future efforts to restore landscape hydrology and allow predictions of potential landscape responses to climate uncertainty and associated changes in vegetation cover. The key drivers of evapotranspiration (Et) involved in maintaining a hydrological balance that minimises deep drainage in semi-arid ecosystems operate at a range of scales, and in this thesis I assessed the water relations of functionally and taxonomically diverse plant communities in south-western Australia from the leaf-level to ecosystem scale. For three key communities; heath shrubland, mallee (small multistemmed eucalypt) -heath, and open eucalypt woodland, populating a typical catenary sequence of soil types along a slope, I addressed the following questions: 1) What are the predominant water use strategies of wheatbelt native plant communities and what underlying trade-offs determine the distribution of plant water use strategies along the topographical gradient? 2) What are the roles of soil water and hydraulic limitation in controlling the spatial and temporal dynamics of transpiration in different functional types? 3) What is the magnitude and partitioning of total Et in the woodland community and what processes determine Et fluxes on a seasonal and annual basis? 4) What are the seasonal differences in Et among contrasting community-types and how do these patterns relate to canopy attributes and transpiration capacity along the topographical gradient? A key philosophical step in working with species-rich communities was to develop the concept of 'hydraulic functional types' (HFTs) to identify groupings of species using associations of physiological and morphological traits that define their hydrological functioning. .... However, as shallow soils dried during spring and summer, Et fluxes were significantly lower at the heath site (0.35 versus 0.66 mm day-1 for the woodland in February), demonstrating that the seasonality of Et fluxes differentiates communityscale contributions to regional water balance. Land-surface exchange of water over native vegetation is by no means uniform, but varies according to the spatial and temporal availability of water along topographical gradients. In general, shallow soils present fewer opportunities for water use partitioning and favour drought hardiness and a transpiration response that tracks recent rainfall patterns, whereas deeper soils promote greater differentiation in water use strategy and support canopies responsive to atmospheric demand. This thesis provides a unique description of ecosystem water balance in a global biodiversity hotspot by viewing complex vegetation mosaics in terms of their relevant hydrological units. This information is fundamental to sustainable agroforestry and revegetation efforts and our ability to gauge possible changes in vegetation structure and function under a changing climate.

Download or read book The Effects of Vegetation Conversion Upon Water Use by Riparian Plant Communities written by Lloyd Wesley Gay and published by . This book was released on 1984 with total page 60 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Managed Ecosystems and CO2 written by Josef Nösberger and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-08-18 with total page 480 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides an up-to-date review of the effects of increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide on agroecosystems, forests, and grasslands. It summarizes the main findings from 13 experiments with annual crops, permanent pastures and plantation forests at 11 sites throughout the world during the past ten years. The results significantly alter our perception of how rising CO2 will directly affect these managed ecosystems.

Download or read book Evapotranspiration from Lowland Vegetation Communities of the New Jersey Pine Barrens written by John Thomas Ballard and published by . This book was released on 1971 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Positive Interactions and Interdependence in Plant Communities written by Ragan M. Callaway and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2007-08-28 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book marshals ecological literature from the last century on facilitation to make the case against the widely accepted individualistic notion of community organization. It examines the idea that positive interactions are more prevalent in physically stressful conditions. Coverage also includes species specificity in facilitative interactions, indirect facilitative interactions, and potential evolutionary aspects of positive interactions.

Download or read book Measurement of Actual Evapotranspiration in a P ramo Ecosystem Using Portable Closed Chambers Comparison Between Giant Rosettes Tussock Grasses and Shrubs written by Barbara Meyers and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: The páramos are Neotropical alpine tundra-like ecosystems that play a crucial role as biodiversity hotspots and also act as water sources for the inter-Andean regions and cities. Improving our understanding of hydrological processes, here evapotranspiration, is crucial, especially in the context of global changes. In páramos, most research have focused on estimating potential evapotranspiration (ETo) using the Penman-Monteith method. Only a few studies have quantified actual evapotranspiration using mostly the Eddy covariance method (EC) or volumetric lysimeters. Importantly, these studies focused only on tussock grass communities, and none have addressed the effect of other plant communities specific to páramos on the actual evapotranspiration of this ecosystem. In this research, portable closed chambers were installed for the first time in a páramo (in Los Nevados National Park, between 3900 and 4100 masl) to quantify actual evapotranspration (ETa) in March and May 2019 in three representative plant communities of the páramo (giant rosettes, shrubs and tussock grasses). The ETa rates measured were then compared with ETo estimated using the Penman-Monteith method. Also, environmental factors of solar radiation, temperature and relative humidity were recorded and their influence on ETa variation was analysed. Our results indicate that ETa daily rates were very low with a high daily variation (0.290 ± 0.266 mm day−1). The shrubs showed higher ETa rates even though differences among communities were not significant. ETo rates calculated via the Penman-Monteith method were significantly higher (1.017 ± 0.468 mm day−1) than those measured using the portable chambers. Portable closed chamber is a promising method to assess ETa at small spatial and time scales and under controlled environment; however, they should be improved to enable ETa measurements on longer time periods. This study confirms the highly variable and low evapotranspiration rate of the páramo vegetation, here confirmed across different plant communities and underlines the importance of solar radiation and temperature, which were positively correlated with evapotranspiration rates

Download or read book The Nature of Plant Communities written by J. Bastow Wilson and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2019-03-21 with total page 373 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Provides a comprehensive review of the role of species interactions in the process of plant community assembly.