Download or read book Evaluation of Hot Corrosion Behavior of Thermal Barrier Coatings written by P. E. Hodge and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 16 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluation of the Hot Corrosion Behavior of Thermal Barrier Coatings written by and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In order to assess the sulfidation resistance of thermal barrier coatings for marine gas turbines, ceramic materials used in the coatings were exposed to molten sodium sulfate for periods up to 1000 hours and the coatings themselves were burner rig tested at high salt levels. The ceramics (stabilized zirconias) were found to be resistant to sulfidation attack while the graded metal/ceramic coatings were resistant to attack and were protective to the substrate alloys only when very adherent. It was also shown that coatings with a high metallic content performed well in this respect, while still providing significant thermal insulation. Tests with hollow, air-cooled, coated specimens indicated that a sufficiently high external surface temperature can retard sulfidation attack at lower temperature interior coating sites. (Modified author abstract).
Download or read book High Temperature Corrosion and Materials Applications written by George Y. Lai and published by ASM International. This book was released on 2007-01-01 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: George Lai's 1990 book, High-Temperature Corrosion of Engineering Alloys, is recognized as authoritative and is frequently consulted and often cited by those in the industry. His new book, almost double in size with seven more chapters, addresses the new concerns, new technologies, and new materials available for those engaged in high-temperature applications. As we strive for energy efficiency, the realm of high-temperature environments is expanding and the need for information on high temperature materials applications was never greater. In addition to extensive expansion on most of the content of the original book, new topics include erosion and erosion-corrosion, low NOx combustion in coal-fired boilers, fluidized bed combustion, and the special demands of waste-to-energy boilers, waste incinerators, and black liquor recovery boilers in the pulp and paper industry. The corrosion induced by liquid metals is discussed and protection options are presented.
Download or read book The Superalloys written by Roger C. Reed and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-07-31 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Superalloys are unique high-temperature materials used in gas turbine engines, which display excellent resistance to mechanical and chemical degradation. This book introduces the metallurgical principles which have guided their development. Suitable for graduate students and researchers, it includes exercises and additional resources at www.cambridge.org/9780521859042.
Download or read book Thermal Barrier Coatings written by Hongbo Guo and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2023-01-18 with total page 490 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thermal Barrier Coatings, Second Edition plays a critical role in counteracting the effects of corrosion and degradation of exposed materials in high-temperature environments such as gas turbine and aero-engines. This updated edition reviews recent advances in the processing and performance of thermal barrier coatings, as well as their failure mechanisms. Novel technologies for the manufacturing of thermal barrier coatings (TBCs) such as plasma spray-physical vapor deposition and suspension plasma spray, are covered, as well as severe degradation of TBCs caused by CMAS attack. In addition to discussions of new materials and technologies, an outlook about next generation TBCs, including T/EBCs is discussed.This edition will provide the fundamental science and engineering of thermal barrier coatings for researchers in the field of TBCs, as well as students looking for a tutorial. Includes coverage of emerging materials, such as rare-earth doped ceramics Presents the latest on plasma spray-physical vapor deposition and suspension (solution precursor) Discusses the degradation of TBCs caused by CMAS attack and its protection Looks at thermally environmental barrier coatings, interdiffusion and diffusion barrier
Download or read book Coatings for High Temperature Structural Materials written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1996-05-13 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book assesses the state of the art of coatings materials and processes for gas-turbine blades and vanes, determines potential applications of coatings in high-temperature environments, identifies needs for improved coatings in terms of performance enhancements, design considerations, and fabrication processes, assesses durability of advanced coating systems in expected service environments, and discusses the required inspection, repair, and maintenance methods. The promising areas for research and development of materials and processes for improved coating systems and the approaches to increased coating standardization are identified, with an emphasis on materials and processes with the potential for improved performance, quality, reproducibility, or manufacturing cost reduction.
Download or read book Future Development of Thermal Spray Coatings written by Nuria Espallargas and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2015-06-29 with total page 301 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Future Development of Thermal Spray Coatings discusses the latest developments and research trends in the thermal spray industry. The book presents a timely guide to new applications and techniques. After an introduction to thermal spray coatings by the editor, Part One covers new types and properties of thermal spray coatings. Chapters look at feedstock suspensions and solutions, the application of solution precursor spray techniques to obtain ceramic films and coatings, cold spray techniques and warm spray technology amongst others. Part Two of the book moves on to discuss new applications for thermal spray coatings such as the use of thermal spray coatings in environmental barrier coatings, thermal spray coatings in renewable energy applications and manufacturing engineering in thermal spray technologies by advanced robot systems and process kinematics. Timely guide on the current advancements and research trends in thermal spray technology Reviews different types of thermal spray coatings Presents a wide variety of applications for this emerging technology
Download or read book Science and Technology of Thermal Barrier Coatings written by Yeon-Gil Jung and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2021-03-05 with total page 142 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: TBC materials in the hot components of a gas turbine are exposed to extremely harsh environments. Therefore, the evaluation of various environmental factors in applying new TBCs is essential. Understanding the mechanisms for degradation which occur in comprehensive environments plays an important role in preventing it and improving the lifetime performance. The development of novel coating techniques can also have a significant impact on lifetime performance as they can alter the microstructure of the coating and alter the various properties resulting from it. This Special Issue presents an original research paper that reports the development of novel TBCs, particularly the application of advanced deposition techniques and novel materials.
Download or read book High Temperature Coatings written by Sudhangshu Bose and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 2017-11-27 with total page 418 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High Temperature Coatings, Second Edition, demonstrates how to counteract the thermal effects of rapid corrosion and degradation of exposed materials and equipment that can occur under high operating temperatures. This is the first true practical guide on the use of thermally protective coatings for high-temperature applications, including the latest developments in materials used for protective coatings. It covers the make-up and behavior of such materials under thermal stress and the methods used for applying them to specific types of substrates, as well as invaluable advice on inspection and repair of existing thermal coatings. With his long experience in the aerospace gas turbine industry, the author has compiled the very latest in coating materials and coating technologies, as well as hard-to-find guidance on maintaining and repairing thermal coatings, including appropriate inspection protocols. The book is supplemented with the latest reference information and additional support to help readers find more application- and industry-type coatings specifications and uses. Offers an overview of the underlying fundamental concepts of thermally-protective coatings, including thermodynamics, energy kinetics, crystallography and equilibrium phases Covers essential chemistry and physics of underlying substrates, including steels, nickel-iron alloys, nickel-cobalt alloys and titanium alloys Provides detailed guidance on a wide variety of coating types, including those used against high temperature corrosion and oxidative degradation and thermal barrier coatings
Download or read book Environmental Barrier Coatings written by Kang N. Lee and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-12-29 with total page 168 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The global increase in air travel will require commercial vehicles to be more efficient than ever before. Advanced engine hot section materials are a key technology required to keep fuel consumption and emission to a minimum in next-generation gas turbines. Ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) are the most promising material to revolutionize gas turbine hot section materials technology because of their excellent high‐temperature properties. Rapid surface recession due to volatilization by water vapor is the Achilles heel of CMCs. Environmental barrier coatings (EBCs) is an enabling technology for CMCs, since it protects CMCs from water vapor. The first CMC component entered into service in 2016 in a commercial engine, and more CMC components are scheduled to follow within the next few years. One of the most difficult challenges to CMC components is EBC durability, because failure of EBC leads to a rapid reduction in CMC component life. Key contributors to EBC failure include recession, oxidation, degradation by calcium‐aluminum‐magnesium silicates (CMAS) deposits, thermal and thermo‐mechanical strains, particle erosion, and foreign object damage (FOD). Novel EBC chemistries, creative EBC designs, and robust processes are required to meet EBC durability challenges. Engine-relevant testing, characterization, and lifing methods need to be developed to improve EBC reliability. The aim of this Special Issue is to present recent advances in EBC technology to address these issues. In particular, topics of interest include but are not limited to the following: • Novel EBC chemistries and designs; • Processing including plasma spray, suspension plasma spray, solution precursor plasma spray, slurry process, PS-PVD, EB-PVD, and CVD; • Testing, characterization, and modeling; • Lifing.
Download or read book Production Properties and Applications of High Temperature Coatings written by Pakseresht, Amir Hossein and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2018-01-12 with total page 581 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Heat resistant layers are meant to withstand high temperatures while also protecting against all types of corrosion and oxidation. Therefore, the micro-structure and behavior of such layers is essential in understanding the functionality of these materials in order to make improvements. Production, Properties, and Applications of High Temperature Coatings is a critical academic publication which examines the methods of creation, characteristics, and behavior of materials used in heat resistant layers. Featuring coverage on a wide range of topics such as, thermal spray methods, sol-gel coatings, and surface nanoengineering, this book is geared toward students, academicians, engineers, and researchers seeking relevant research on the methodology and materials for producing effective heat resistant layers.
Download or read book Thermal Barrier Coatings Failure Theory and Evaluation Technology written by Yichun Zhou and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2022-10-08 with total page 943 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book highlights the failure theories and evaluation techniques of thermal barrier coatings, covering the thermal-mechanical–chemical coupling theories, performance and damage characterization techniques, and related evaluations. Thermal barrier coatings are the key thermal protection materials for high-temperature components in advanced aeroengines. Coating spallation is a major technical bottleneck faced by researchers. The extremely complex microstructure, diverse service environments, and failure behaviors bring challenges to the spallation analysis in terms of the selective use of mechanical theories, experimental methods, and testing platforms. In the book, the authors provide a systematic summary of the latest research and technological advances and present their insights and findings in the past couple of decades. This book is not only suitable for researchers and engineers in thermal barrier coatings and related fields but also a good reference for upper-undergraduate and postgraduate students of materials science and mechanics majors.
Download or read book Laser Applications in Surface Science and Technology written by Horst-Günter Rubahn and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 1999-03-17 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Ob zur Oberflachenanalytik oder zur Oberflachenbearbeitung - die Einsatzgebiete von Lasern in der Materialwissenschaft werden standig erweitert. Dabei ablaufende Prozesse beschranken sich gelegentlich auf einfaches Erwarmen und Schmelzen, haufig finden jedoch kompliziertere Vorgange wie die Bildung von Plasma oder kollektive Anregungen statt. Verschiedenste Techniken, die zugehorigen physikalischen Grundlagen und alle wichtigen Prozesse beschreibt dieses Buch, wobei auch neueste Themen wie ultrakurze Laserpulse oder die nichtlineare Oberflachenspektroskpoie zur Sprache kommen. (05/99)
Download or read book Performance of MCrAlX coatings written by Pimin Zhang and published by Linköping University Electronic Press. This book was released on 2019-11-04 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: MCrAlY coatings (M=Ni and/or Co) are widely used for the protection of superalloy components against oxidation and hot corrosion in the hot sections of gas turbines. The drive for coating systems to bestow adequate oxidation and corrosion resistance upon the components becomes urgent as an inevitable result of the necessary improvement in engine combustion efficiency and service lifetime. Through the careful design of the composition, MCrAlY coating performance can be optimized to meet the needs under different service conditions and component materials, therefore, “MCrAlX”, with “X” stands for the minor alloying elements, is used to highlight the effect. In the present thesis, the performance of new MCrAlX coatings is investigated with respect to oxidation, hot corrosion and interactions between coating-superalloy substrates. Oxidation of MCrAlX coatings can be generally categorized into initial, steady and close-to-end stages. Coating performance can be affected by various factors at different stages, therefore, experiments were designed by targeting the oxidation stages. Investigation on the initial stage oxidation behavior of MCrAlY coatings with post-deposition surface treatments reveals the different growth mechanisms of alumina scales. Surface treatments significantly reduce the alumina growth rate by suppressing transient alumina development and aiding the early formation of ?-Al2O3, which improves the long-term oxidation performance of the coating. Similarly, the modification of minor alloy elements in MCrAlX coatings also serves the purpose. The oxidation behavior of new MCrAlX coatings was investigated at the steady oxidation stage, followed by the microstructure observation, thermodynamic and kinetic simulations. As an alternative reactive element addition of Y, Ce shows a negative effect on the formation of columnar alumina scales of high strain tolerance. In comparison, Fe or Ru addition shows no influence on alumina growth, rather than strengthening the phase stability in the coating and reducing the interdiffusion between coating-substrate through different mechanisms. As the oxidation proceeds to the close-to-end stage, a reliable criterion to estimate the capability of coating to form ?-Al2O3 is of great importance to accurately evaluate coating lifetime. A temperature-dependent critical Al-activity criterion was proposed to better predict the formation of a continuous ?-Al2O3 scale based on correction of elemental activity using thermodynamic database to replace the empirical Al-concentration based criterion. Severe interdiffusion occurs between coating-substrate during high temperature oxidation, accelerating the degradation of the system. Interdiffusion behavior of diffusion couples of superalloys-MCrAlX coatings were examined. It is highlighted that the recrystallization of superficial layer of the substrate contributes to the secondary reaction zone formation and element interdiffusion controls subsequent zone thickening. Study on Type I hot corrosion behavior of new MCrAlX coatings shows that the addition of Fe has no influence on basic fluxing reactions before severe Al depletion from the coating occurs. Instead, it boosts the “effective” Al supply of coating by shifting the equilibrium concentration of Al in the ? phase to a low Al level. Besides, the pre-mature coating degradation at the coating-substrate interface was due to the fast growth of corrosion products from substrate induced large local volume expansions, resulting in early coating spallation. MCrAlY ytbeläggningar (M=Ni och/eller Co) används ofta för att skydda komponenter tillverkade av superlegeringar mot oxidation samt högtemperaturskorrosion i de heta gasturbindelarna. Förbättrad förbränningseffektivitet och livslängd hos gasturbiner, gör att ytbeläggningssystemen måste besitta adekvata oxidations- och korrosionsmotstånd. Genom att omsorgsfullt utforma den kemiska sammansättningen hos MCrAlY ytbeläggningar kan deras prestanda optimeras för att möta kraven från olika driftförhållanden samt olika substratmaterial, därför används beteckningen "MCrAlX" för att belysa förändringar av den kemiska kompositionen, där "X" står för reaktiva legeringsämnen som tillsätts i mindre mängder. I denna avhandling undersöks prestandan hos en ny MCrAlX ytbeläggning med hänsyn till oxidation, högtemperaturskorrosion och interaktionen mellan ytbeläggningen och superlegeringssubstratet. Oxidation av MCrAlX ytbeläggningar kan generellt kategoriseras i tre faser; initiala, stabila och nära-slutet fasen. Ytbeläggningens prestanda kan påverkas av olika faktorer vid de olika faserna, därför utformades olika experiment för att undersöka de olika oxidationsfaserna. Undersökningen av den initiala fasen av oxidationsbeteendet hos MCrAlX ytbeläggningar som genomgått ytbehandlingar efter ytbeläggningsdeponeringen avslöjade olika tillväxtmekanismer hos aluminiumoxidskikten. Aluminiumoxidens tillväxthastighet reducerades signifikant av ytbehandlingarna, detta genom att undertrycka utvecklingen av övergående aluminiumoxid och bistå den tidiga tillväxten av ?-Al2O3, vilket förbättrar ytbeläggningens oxidationsprestanda långsiktigt. De reaktiva legeringsämnena som tillsätts i mindre mänger påverkar ytbeläggningens oxidationsprestanda på liknande sätt. Oxidationsbeteendet hos de nya MCrAlX ytbeläggningarna i den stabila fasen följdes av mikrostrukturundersökning, termodynamiska och kinetiska simuleringar. Det framkom att Ce visar en negativ effekt på bildandet av kolumnära aluminiumoxidskikt med hög töjningstolerans som alternativt reaktivt legeringsämne till Y. Jämförelsevis ger Fe- eller Ru-tillsatser ingen påverkan på aluminiumoxidtillväxten, förutom att det förstärker fasstabiliteten i ytbeläggningen samt genom olika mekanismer reducerar interdiffusionen mellan ytbeläggningen och substratet. När oxidationsprocessen kommit till nära-slutet fasen, är det viktigt att uppskatta kapaciteten hos en ytbeläggning att bilda ?-Al2O3, detta då det är ett tillförlitligt kriterium för att noggrant kunna utvärdera ytbeläggningens livslängd. Därför föreslogs ett temperaturberoende kriterium för kritisk Al-aktivitet för att bättre kunna förutsäga bildandet av ett kontinuerligt ?-Al2O3-skikt. Kriteriet baserades på korrigering av legeringsämnens aktivitet genom att använda en termodynamisk databas, detta för att ersätta det empiriska Al-koncentrations baserade kriteriet. Vid högtemperatursoxidation sker en omfattande interdiffusion mellan ytbeläggningen och substratet, vilket accelererar degraderingen av ytbeläggningssystemet. Därför har interdiffusionsbeteendet mellan superlegeringssubstratet och MCrAlX ytbeläggningen undersökts i denna avhandling. Det framkom att rekristallisationen av ytliga skikt av substratet bidrar till formationen av den sekundära reaktionszonen och att interdiffusion kontrollerar zonens efterföljande tjocklektillväxt. Undersökningen av Typ I högtemperaturskorrosionsbeteendet hos en ny MCrAlX ytbeläggning visar att legeringstillägg av Fe inte påverkar de grundläggande flödesreaktionerna innan en kritisk Al utarmning sker i ytbeläggningen. Istället stimulerar det tillförseln av Al genom att skifta jämviktskoncentrationen av Al i ? fasen till en låg nivå av Al. Det framkom också att den tidiga degraderingen av ytbeläggningen vid gränsskiktet mellan ytbeläggningen och substratet kommer av att den snabba tillväxten av korrosionsprodukter från substratet inducerade en stor lokal volymsutvidgning, vilket ledde till tidig ytbeläggningsspallation.
Download or read book Hot Corrosion Behaviour of New Candidates for Thermal Barrier Coatings Application in Turbine Simulated Environments written by Mohammad Hamed Habibi and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Thermal Spray Coatings written by Lalit Thakur and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2021-11-04 with total page 366 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides the latest information about the research being conducted and established solutions available in the field of thermal spray coatings for various engineering applications. The readers of this book will be mainly the graduates, engineers and researchers who are pursuing their carrier in the field of thermal spraying. This book will cover the studies and research works of reputed scientists and engineers who have developed thermal spray coatings for thermal protection, bio-implants, renewal energy, wear and corrosion in hydraulic turbines and jet engines, hydrophobic surfaces etc. Hence, the book serves as a valuable resource of latest advancement in thermal spray technology and consolidated references for aspirants and professionals of surface engineering community. The book covers following topics for different industrial applications: Introduction: Historical developments, Science and Engineering aspects of thermal spray coating technology and different thermal spray coatings techniques and its comparison with other fabrication processes. Recent advancements and applications of thermal spray coatings Cold spray technology for additive manufacturing. High-temperature corrosion and erosion resistant coatings and thermal barrier coatings for power plants, automotive sector, and jet engines. Erosion and corrosion-resistant coatings for hydro-power plants, offshore, chemical and oil industries. Bio-coatings for human body implants. Thermal spray coating for super-hydrophobic surface. 3. Case study of boiler tubes failure and prevention by thermal spray coatings.
Download or read book Engineering Design Applications written by Andreas Öchsner and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-05-19 with total page 519 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume gives an overview on recent developments for various applications of modern engineering design. Different engineering disciplines such as mechanical, materials, computer and process engineering provide the foundation for the design and development of improved structures, materials and processes. The modern design cycle is characterized by an interaction of different disciplines and a strong shift to computer-based approaches where only a few experiments are performed for verification purposes. A major driver for this development is the increased demand for cost reduction, which is also connected to environmental demands. In the transportation industry (e.g. automotive or aerospace), this is connected with the demand for higher fuel efficiency, which is related to the operational costs and the lower harm for the environment. One way to fulfil such requirements are lighter structures and/or improved processes for energy conversion. Another emerging area is the interaction of classical engineering with the health and medical sector. In this book, many examples of the mentioned design applications are presented.