Download or read book Evaluation of Environmental Performance of Hypothetical Canadian Oxy Fuel Combustion Carbon Capture with Risk and Cost Analyses written by Jarotwan Koiwanit and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Life Cycle Assessment of Hypothetical Canadian Pre Combustion Carbon Dioxide Capture Process with Air Pollutants Dispersion and Health Risks Assessment written by Lakkana Piewkhaow and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The methodology of life cycle assessment has been applied in order to evaluate the environmental performance of the Saskatchewan lignite Integrated Gasification Combined Cycle (IGCC) based electricity generation with and without pre-combustion carbon dioxide (CO2) capture process from a full life cycle perspective. The emphasis is put on environmental performance of the comparison between IGCC systems (with and without CO2 capture) and the competing lignite pulverized coal electricity generating station in order to reveal which technology offers the most positive environmental effects. Moreover, ambient air pollutant modeling, the human health benefit (health outcomes) and human health risk assessment are also conducted to determine the impact on human health contributed by the level of pollutants emitted from four different electricity generating stations. This study assumes that all stations are located in Estevan. The results showed a significant reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by applying both post-combustion and pre-combustion CO2 capture process. The GHG emissions were found to be reduced by 27%-86%, IGCC systems were found to compare favorably to pulverized coal systems. However, in other environmental impacts categories, some of them have multiple environmental trade-offs depending on the capture technology. In the case of post-combustion capture, it was observed that the environmental impact was shifted from the air compartment to the soil and water compartments. IGCC systems, on the other hand, showed the same tendency with the conventional coal-fired electricity generation systems, but to a lower degree. This is because the IGCC system is a cleaner technology which produces lower pollutant emission levels from the electricity generating station process, thus the benefits of capture are reduced on a comparative basis. The health benefits assessment indicated that by implementing IGCC and IGCC with CO2 capture will result in significant health benefits for people living in the Estevan area and the magnitude of the benefit will also increase substantially by 2020. However, results indicated the reduction in health benefits when implementing a post combustion CO2 capture process to conventional coal-fired electricity generating station. The reduction in health benefits on "PC with Capture" scenario was mainly due to the high level of PM2.5 air concentration due to implementing post combustion CO2 capture process. The frequency of negative health impacts due to air pollution emitted from IGCC and IGCC with pre-combustion capture plant was predicted to be reduced by the improvement in air quality. The results from health risk assessment (HRA) showed no possibility of developing either cancer or non-cancer health impacts from IGCC systems. For both conventional coal-fired pulverized electricity generating stations with and without post-combustion CO2 capture process, the results of carcinogenic health risk showed a potential for adverse health effects existing during short-term dispersion of Chromium whereas long-term dispersion showed an acceptable level of pollutant concentration. For non-carcinogenic health risk on both conventional coal-fired pulverized electricity generating stations, the results indicate that the heavy metals dispersions were unlikely to cause health risk to population residing within 10 km (area 20 km x 20 km) radius from the studied area.
Download or read book Greenhouse Gases written by Andrew Manning and published by BoD – Books on Demand. This book was released on 2016-09-21 with total page 92 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greenhouse Gases - Selected Case Studies, is a book which covers a range of topics. The long term effective management of the natural environment, requires a detailed understanding of greenhouse gases. This has both environmental and economic implications, especially where there is any anthropogenic involvement. Numerical models are often the tool and framework used for predicting the effects, both in the long-term and short-term, of greenhouse gases. However, the relevant atmospheric processes can vary quite considerably depending upon the spatial and temporal scales under consideration. For this reason for the past few decades, scientists, engineers, meteorologists and mathematicians have all been continuing to conduct research into the many aspects which influence greenhouse gases. These issues range from: industrial science, agricultural research, carbon dioxide and other emissions. This book reports the findings from recent research in greenhouse gases, primarily in the the form of case studies, particularly from an interdisciplinary perspective. The research was carried out by researchers who specialise in areas such as: energy production, emissions from livestock, chemical industry, and metallurgical process technology.
Download or read book Cost Analysis of Controlling Carbon Dioxide Flue Gas Emissions from Canadian Power Utilities written by Canada. Environment Canada and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 80 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Evaluation of currently available technologies for removing and disposing of carbon dioxide from fossil fuel power plants, including their feasibility, stage of development, effect on the environment, and applicability in Canada. The most feasible technologies were then incorporated into a utility computer simulation model (CANSIM) in which it was assumed that the CO2 is removed by a solvent, compressed, and disposed of either by injection to deep ocean or by precipitation of carbonates from brine aquifers. Costs of the technologies are also included.
Download or read book Techno economic Analysis of Sour Gas Oxy fuel Combustion Power Cycles for Carbon Capture and Sequestration written by Nadim Walid Chakroun and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The world's growing energy demand coupled with the problem of global warming have led us to investigate new energy sources that can be utilized in a way to reduce carbon dioxide emissions than traditional fossil fuel power plants. One of these unconventional fuels is sour gas. Sour gas consists of mainly methane, containing large concentrations of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide. Over 30% of the world's natural gas reserves are considered sour. However this unusual fuel poses many challenges due to the toxic and corrosive nature of the combustion products. One of the most promising technologies for carbon capture and sequestration is oxy-fuel combustion. This involves separating the nitrogen from air prior to the combustion itself. Then, after combustion, we separate the water and other substances and can use the resulting carbon dioxide stream for enhanced oil recovery representing an added economic benefit of this system. Firing temperatures for pure oxygen combustion can reach values up to 2500° C, which is well above what the combustor can handle. Therefore a diluent has to be added to reduce the temperature back to appropriate levels, but the key question is how this impacts the efficiency and performance of the entire cycle. Hence, if feasible, the use of sour gas in an oxy-fuel power plant could potentially allow us to harness the economic and environmental potential of this unconventional fuel. Depending on the cycle configuration, water or carbon dioxide can be used as diluents to control the flame temperature in the combustion process. All of these cycle types were modeled and the cycles' performances and emissions were studied. When the working fluid condenses in the cycle, sulfuric acid is formed due the presence of SO, compounds, which causes corrosion and can damage power plant components. Therefore, either expensive acid resistant materials should be used, or a redesign of the cycle is required to overcome this challenge. Different options were explored for each of the cycle types mentioned to help in the visualization and performance prediction of possible sour gas oxy-fuel power cycle configurations. A cost analysis of the proposed systems was also conducted in order to provide preliminary levelized cost of electricity estimates.
Download or read book Evaluation of Environmental Performance of Carbon Capture and Storage Project in Canada Using Life Cycle Assessment Methodology written by Anastassia Manuilova and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 472 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The results of the study demonstrated that more attention should be paid to the choice of functional unit and system boundaries in the CCS studies, as well as to the environmental impact categories studied in this research. The areas where improvement is needed were identified.
Download or read book Canada s Carbon Price Floor written by Ian W.H. Parry and published by International Monetary Fund. This book was released on 2018-03-08 with total page 27 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pan-Canadian approach to carbon pricing, announced in October 2016, ensures that carbon pricing applies throughout Canada in 2018, with increasing stringency over time to reduce emissions. Canadian provinces and territories have the flexibility to either implement an explicit price-based system—with a minimum price of CAN $10 per tonne of carbon dioxide equivalent in 2018, increasing to CAN $50 per tonne by 2022—or an equivalently scaled emissions trading system. This paper discusses the rationale for, and design of, the price floor requirement; its (provincial-level) environmental, fiscal, and economic welfare impacts; monitoring issues; and (national-level) incidence. The general conclusion is that the welfare costs and implementation issues are manageable, and pricing provides significant new revenues. A challenge is that the floor price by itself appears well short of what will be needed by 2030 for Canada’s Paris Agreement pledge.
Download or read book Assessment of Approaches to Updating the Social Cost of Carbon written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-26 with total page 73 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The social cost of carbon (SCC) for a given year is an estimate, in dollars, of the present discounted value of the damage caused by a 1-metric ton increase in CO2 emissions into the atmosphere in that year; or equivalently, the benefits of reducing CO2 emissions by the same amount in that given year. The SCC is intended to provide a comprehensive measure of the monetized value of the net damages from global climate change from an additional unit of CO2, including, but not limited to, changes in net agricultural productivity, energy use, human health effects, and property damages from increased flood risk. Federal agencies use the SCC to value the CO2 emissions impacts of various policies including emission and fuel economy standards for vehicles, regulations of industrial air pollutants from industrial manufacturing, emission standards for power plants and solid waste incineration, and appliance energy efficiency standards. There are significant challenges to estimating a dollar value that reflects all the physical, human, ecological, and economic impacts of climate change. Recognizing that the models and scientific data underlying the SCC estimates evolve and improve over time, the federal government made a commitment to provide regular updates to the estimates. To assist with future revisions of the SCC, the Interagency Working Group on the Social Cost of Carbon (IWG) requested the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine complete a study that assessed the merits and challenges of a limited near-term update to the SCC and of a comprehensive update of the SCC to ensure that the estimates reflect the best available science. This interim report focuses on near-term updates to the SCC estimates.
Download or read book Towards a Strategy for Implementing CO2 Capture and Storage in Canada written by David W. Keith and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report examines the opportunity for implementing carbon dioxide capture & storage (CCS) in Canada, focussing on the next 10-15 years. After an introduction on the CCS concept and its role in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, section 2 surveys the opportunities for implementing CCS, with emphasis on its application in the electric power and upstream oil & gas sectors. It addresses the technology & economics of carbon dioxide mitigation, while deferring questions of policy & implementation to section 4. Section 3 reviews the risks of CCS and the challenge of successfully managing those risks through regulation. Section 4 addresses the strategic challenges of implementation, comparing the opportunities in electric power generation and oil & gas, and analyzing some specific policy instruments that might be used to encourage implementation. The final section discusses the specific roles for Environment Canada in managing CCS.
Download or read book Techno economic Analysis of Pressurized Oxy fuel Combustion Power Cycle for CO2 Capture written by Jongsup Hong and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 254 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: (cont.) We calculate the energy requirements of each unit and determine the pressure dependence of the water-condensing thermal energy recovery and its relation to the gross power output. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis is conducted on important operating parameters including combustor temperature, Heat Recovery Steam Generator outlet temperature, oxygen purity and oxygen concentration in the flue gases. A cost analysis of the proposed system is also conducted so as to provide preliminary cost estimates.
Download or read book COST ANALYSIS OF CONTROLLING CARBON DIOXIDE FLUE GAS EMISSIONS FROM CANADIAN POWER UTILITIES written by CANADA. DEPARTMENT OF THE ENVIRONMENT. ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION SERVICE. and published by . This book was released on 1992 with total page 50 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Oxy fuel Combustion Combined Cycles for Carbon Capture written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 130 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book CCS Guidelines written by Sarah M. Forbes and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Carbon Dioxide Capture and Storage (CCS) Guidelines effort was initiated to develop a set of preliminary guidelines and recommendations for the deployment of CCS technologies in the United States, to ensure that CCS projects are conducted safely and effectively. The guidelines are written for those who may be involved in decisions on a proposed project: the developers, regulators, financiers, insurers, project operators, and policy makers. These guidelines are intended to guide full-scale demonstration of and build public confidence in CCS technologies by informing how projects should be conducted.
Download or read book Climate Intervention written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2015-06-17 with total page 235 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The signals are everywhere that our planet is experiencing significant climate change. It is clear that we need to reduce the emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases from our atmosphere if we want to avoid greatly increased risk of damage from climate change. Aggressively pursuing a program of emissions abatement or mitigation will show results over a timescale of many decades. How do we actively remove carbon dioxide from the atmosphere to make a bigger difference more quickly? As one of a two-book report, this volume of Climate Intervention discusses CDR, the carbon dioxide removal of greenhouse gas emissions from the atmosphere and sequestration of it in perpetuity. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration introduces possible CDR approaches and then discusses them in depth. Land management practices, such as low-till agriculture, reforestation and afforestation, ocean iron fertilization, and land-and-ocean-based accelerated weathering, could amplify the rates of processes that are already occurring as part of the natural carbon cycle. Other CDR approaches, such as bioenergy with carbon capture and sequestration, direct air capture and sequestration, and traditional carbon capture and sequestration, seek to capture CO2 from the atmosphere and dispose of it by pumping it underground at high pressure. This book looks at the pros and cons of these options and estimates possible rates of removal and total amounts that might be removed via these methods. With whatever portfolio of technologies the transition is achieved, eliminating the carbon dioxide emissions from the global energy and transportation systems will pose an enormous technical, economic, and social challenge that will likely take decades of concerted effort to achieve. Climate Intervention: Carbon Dioxide Removal and Reliable Sequestration will help to better understand the potential cost and performance of CDR strategies to inform debate and decision making as we work to stabilize and reduce atmospheric concentrations of carbon dioxide.
Download or read book Handbook on Life Cycle Assessment written by Jeroen B. Guinée and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 692 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Environmental policy aims at the transition to sustainable production and consumption. This is taking place in different ways and at different levels. In cases where businesses are continuously active to improve the environmental performance of their products and activities, the availability of knowledge on environmental impacts is indispensable. The integrated assessment of all environmental impacts from cradle to grave is the basis for many decisions relating to achieving improved products and services. The assessment tool most widely used for this is the environmental Life Cycle Assessment, or LCA. Before you is the new Handbook of LCA replacing the previous edition of 1992. New developments in LCA methodology from all over the world have been discussed and, where possible, included in this new Handbook. Integration of all developments into a new, consistent method has been the main aim for the new Handbook. The thinking on environment and sustainability is, however, quickly evolving so that it is already clear now that this new LCA Handbook does not embrace the very latest developments. Therefore, further revisions will have to take place in the future. A major advantage of this Handbook is that it now also advises which procedures should be followed to achieve adequate, relevant and accepted results. Furthermore, the distinction between detailed and simplified LCA makes this Handbook more broadly applicable, while guidance is provided as to which additional information can be relevant for specialised applications.
Download or read book Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists written by and published by . This book was released on 1973-10 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists is the premier public resource on scientific and technological developments that impact global security. Founded by Manhattan Project Scientists, the Bulletin's iconic "Doomsday Clock" stimulates solutions for a safer world.
Download or read book Geologic Carbon Sequestration written by V. Vishal and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-05-11 with total page 336 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This exclusive compilation written by eminent experts from more than ten countries, outlines the processes and methods for geologic sequestration in different sinks. It discusses and highlights the details of individual storage types, including recent advances in the science and technology of carbon storage. The topic is of immense interest to geoscientists, reservoir engineers, environmentalists and researchers from the scientific and industrial communities working on the methodologies for carbon dioxide storage. Increasing concentrations of anthropogenic carbon dioxide in the atmosphere are often held responsible for the rising temperature of the globe. Geologic sequestration prevents atmospheric release of the waste greenhouse gases by storing them underground for geologically significant periods of time. The book addresses the need for an understanding of carbon reservoir characteristics and behavior. Other book volumes on carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) attempt to cover the entire process of CCUS, but the topic of geologic sequestration is not discussed in detail. This book focuses on the recent trends and up-to-date information on different storage rock types, ranging from deep saline aquifers to coal to basaltic formations.
