Download or read book Evaluating the Effectiveness of Waterside Security Alternatives for Force Protection of Navy Ships and Installations Using X3D Graphics and Agent Based Simulation written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 207 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The individuals charged with the task of planning, developing and implementing force protection measures both at the unit and installation level must consider numerous factors in formulating the best defensive posture. Currently, force protection professionals utilize multiple sources of information regarding capabilities of systems that are available, and combine that knowledge with the requirements of their installation to create an overall plan. A crucial element missing from this process is the ability to determine, prior to system procurement, the most effective combination of systems and employment for a wide range of possible terrorist attack scenarios. This thesis is inspired by the work done by James Harney, LT, USN (2003). The thesis will expand the Anti-Terrorism Force Protection Tool developed during the original thesis by including the capability of testing force protection measures in multiple scenarios by utilizing models of force protection equipment and forces, virtual worlds of existing naval facilities, and terrorist agents that exhibit intent and behavioral characteristics which can test the effectiveness of the force protection equipment used. The result of this work is a scalable and repeatable methodology for generating large-scale, agent-based simulations for AT/FP problem domains providing 3D visualization, report generation, and statistical analysis.

Download or read book Modeling and 3D Visualization for Evaluation of Anti terrorism force Protection Alternatives Phase II Final Report written by Don Brutzman and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 153 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Modern Modeling and Simulation (M & S) techniques offer flexible, economical capabilities for assessing naval installation security systems, equipment and Concepts of Operations (CONOPS). These tools are useful for assessing risk and vulnerability in a broad range of operational situations and in response to a spectrum of threat scenarios. Of particular interest to both military and homeland-defense analysts is the combined shore-side and water-side protection of naval and harbor facilities. In August of 2005, the NPS MOVES Institute was funded by the Naval Facilities Engineering Service Center (NFESC) to investigate and develop such an analytic tool. This report describes the work accomplished during Phase II of the Modeling and 3D Visualization for Evaluation of Anti-Terrorism/Force Protection Alternatives project in order to achieve that goal. Waterside protection includes surveillance (detection and assessment), delay (e.g., barriers), and warning and response means (e.g., patrol craft). The purpose of the Phase II effort was to develop an analysis tool that supports assessment of the effectiveness of various sensor, barrier, and response systems to enable decision-makers to make good judgments on what to purchase and employ. For example, if there is no physical barrier in a port to protect naval assets then when does a threat need to be detected to permit sufficient time to intercept/neutralize and how many patrol craft and/or weapon stations are needed to provide an acceptable level of protection? Alternatively, if a barrier is employed that effectively stops all small boats for a designated period of time, then when does detection need to occur and how many patrol boats are needed for the same level of protection? With various surveillance system assets (including surface and/or subsurface sensors), how much time is available between detection/reporting and response? The selection of effective combinations of sensors, barriers, and response systems requires a tool that can represent all these various assets and physical factors, providing insights into the most effective combinations that provide an acceptable level of protection at the least cost (in terms of manpower and dollars) and least risk (in terms of lives and infrastructure)."--Page i.

Download or read book Analyzing Anti Terrorist Tactical Effectiveness of Picket Boats for Force Protection of Navy Ships Using X3D Graphics and Agent Based Simulation written by James W. Harney and published by . This book was released on 2003-03 with total page 252 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite the many advances achieved within both Modeling and Simulation and Information Technology over the past several decades, practical application of such technology remains under-utilized by operational units in the United States Navy. Furthermore, when such technology has been deployed in the last decade it has been to exercise operator proficiency or increase C41 battlespace awareness. Few tools have allowed operational warfighters to run what-if' simulation scenarios to aid in development of tactical plans for executing published doctrine. The approach taken in this thesis is to select an exemplar warfare area, in this case Anti-Terrorism and Force Protection for Navy ships, and through research and development to identify, develop, and deploy the necessary modeling and simulation (M & S) technologies to demonstrate a prototypical planning tool that can be used by today's deployed warfighter. All research and work is conducted in a web-based, user-centric' fashion utilizing a combination of user-driven and agent-based control of entities for simulation iterations, along with various open source technologies which include Extensible 3D Graphics (X3D), Scalable Vector Graphics (SVG), and Extensible Markup Language (XML).

Download or read book An Exploratory Analysis of Waterfront Force Protection Measures Using Simulation written by Matthew D. Childs and published by . This book was released on 2002-03 with total page 115 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the USS Cole incident in October 2000 and particularly since the terrorist attacks of September 2001, Force Protection has become a fundamental issue. Of particular concern to the Navy is waterfront Force Protection: the protection of in-port High Value Units from attacks from the sea. The unpredictability of when or how a terrorist attack might be executed makes simulation an excellent tool for analyzing the waterfront force protection issue quantitatively. This thesis develops and implements a simulation model of Patrol Boats at the Naval Submarine Base in Bangor, Washington using Java and Simkit both of which are platform independent and therefore universally usable. The simulation is run pitting eight different notional Patrol Boat configurations (varying the number of patrol boats used, their intercepting and patrolling speeds and their patrolling patterns) against eight notional terrorist attacks. The results of the simulation runs are analyzed and general conclusions are drawn. The results indicate that the number of patrol boats used in an area and the speed they use to intercept threats are the most important factors of the four analyzed. Patrolling speed and patrolling patterns are found to be insignificant.

Download or read book Expeditionary Warfare Force Protection written by and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 2003, the Systems Engineering and Analysis students were tasked to develop a system of systems conceptual solution to provide force protection for the Sea Base conceptualized in the 2002 Expeditionary Warfare study. The Systems Engineering and Analysis Team used the Systems Engineering and Management process as the primary methodology to complete this multidisciplinary task. Survivability was identified as the most critical factor for evaluating the protection of the Sea Base and its transport assets. Threats to the Sea Base were reviewed, analyzed, and prioritized. System design and analysis focused on preliminary analyses of various sensors, search concepts, and weapons. These preliminary analyses identified capability gaps that were translated into functional concepts and proposed architectures for detailed modeling and analysis. These proposed architectures were identified as either Point or Distributed. In order to adequately determine the relative performance of the proposed architectures generated by the team, a thorough and systematic design of experiments was developed and applied in the Naval Simulation System and EXTEND. Based on the results obtained, the Systems Engineering and Analysis Team determined that a Distributed Sensor and Weapons architecture would significantly increase the survivability of future Expeditionary Warfare forces.

Download or read book Navy Tactics Techniques and Procedures Nttp 3 07 2 3 written by United States Government, Us Navy and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2017-02-02 with total page 318 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Navy Tactics, Techniques, And Procedures NTTP 3-07.2.3 Law Enforcement and Physical Security August 2011 This publication provides tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTP) governing the conduct of physical security (PS) and law enforcement (LE) at Navy installations, within expeditionary forces and onboard Navy ships. It provides a basis for understanding Navy policies and objectives related to PS and LE. More important, it provides regional commanders (REGCOMs), regional security officers (RSOs), installation and ship commanding officers (COs), security officers (SO), administrative staffs, and the Navy security force (NSF) with needed tools to help organize, plan, train for, and implement effective and efficient PS and LE programs using the limited resources at their disposal. Both PS and LE programs include measures taken by a command, ship, or installation to protect against all acts designed to, or that may, impair its effectiveness. In other words, both PS and LE personnel provide security and are key to the protection construct. Within this document, installation security officers and afloat security officers will be referred to as SOs.

Download or read book Military Sealift Command s Test Afloat Force Protection Officer Program written by Aaron Alfred Asimakopoulos and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the inception of MSCINST 5530.3C--the equivalent document to the International Ship and Port Security Code (ISPS) and the Maritime Transportation and Security Act (MTSA) for government-owned/government-operated merchant vessels--many Military Sealift Command vessels are failing to comply fully with the anti-terrorism and force protection (ATFP) standards. The author audits vessels to determine organizational deficiencies in anti-terrorism and force protection capabilities, and conducts a test of the "Embarked Force Protection Officer" phase of the Afloat Force Protection Officer (AFPO) Program in order to evaluate its effectiveness as a means of addressing those deficiencies. The study finds that current shipboard organization is incapable of effectively administering MSC's Force Protection program, and that the AFPO Program is the best cure.--From Executive summary.

Download or read book Future US Navy Force Protection written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 107 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This study focuses on providing force protection for the Navy's future minimally manned surface combatants. Following the attack on the USS Cole, force protection became the Navy's primary warfare concern. In order to add experience and defensive depth, United States Coast Guard Port Security Units augmented Navy ships' force assets in providing Antiterrorism and Force Protection. Concurrently, the Navy set out to build the next family of surface combatants, the DD (X) class. One of the cornerstones of the program, as specified in the operational requirements document (ORD), is that the DD (X) have an optimally sized crew of 95, not to exceed 150. This is nearly a 70 percent reduction from surface combatant crew sizes of today. How can the Navy reasonably expect to provide force protection for minimally manned combatants when it is having trouble doing so today? This study examines the tasks required to provide adequate force protection, the manning required to perform those tasks, and the associated manning costs. The analysis determined that the new DD (X) class will only be able to perform the force protection tasks if manned near the 150 personnel mark, and even then will require a security augmentation force, such as a Port Security Unit (PSU). The appendixes provide a force protection task list, USS Yorktown manning information and inport watchbill, PSU manning information and watchbill, PSU master training list, U.S. Coast Guard estimated PSU deployment costs, and DD (X) class manning information and costs. (13 tables, 3 figures, 52 refs.).

Download or read book Effectiveness of Non Lethal Capabilities in a Maritime Environment written by and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The attack on the USS Cole within a civilian port, and the increased threat of pirating and terrorism on the high seas, underscore the immediate need for a maritime non-lethal capability. This research uses modeling and simulation to explore the requirements and tactical use of non-lethal capabilities in a maritime force protection mission. Specifically, a multi-agent simulation emulates a tactical-level mission in which a U.S. Navy vessel returning to Naval Station, Norfolk, VA, encounters a variety of maritime surface threats. Data farming is the method used to address the research questions by applying high performance computing to the simulation model, with the intent of examining a wide range of possibilities and outcomes. The non-lethal capabilities are analyzed in their effectiveness to 1) determine intent, 2) deter inbound surface vessels, and 3) engage targets identified as hostile through the continuum of force.

Download or read book Discrete event Simulation with Agents for Modeling of Dynamic Asymmetric Threats in Maritime Security written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 83 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Maritime security has become an important security focus area, due to the impact that piracy and terrorism have on the global economy. There are many studies on detecting and engaging asymmetric threats in ports and waterways. However, the threats are typically modeled too simply, with predefined or random paths and fixed responses. There is a need to model representing dynamic, asymmetric threat behaviors so that future threat-response models will be a more realistic evaluation against a dynamically adaptive foe. Discrete-event simulation (DES) was used to simulate a typical portsecurity, local, waterside-threat response model and to test the adaptive response of asymmetric threats in reaction to port-security procedures, while a multi-agent system (MAS) was used to provide the complex adaptive behaviors for our threats. Cover and dynamic pathfinding were used with the sensor framework in Simkit to enhance the spatial interactivity of the agents. This study found that MAS asymmetric threats demonstrate greater flexibility of behaviors and show potential for adaptability. These dynamic asymmetric threats will enable simulation of a wider variety of maritime-threat scenarios, and play an important part in improving the plans for future maritime force and infrastructure configurations.

Download or read book U S Navy Waterside Security System Technology Update written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 7 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A primary WSS objective was to satisfy the U.S. Navy's operational requirement while emphasizing the use of nondevelopmental items (NDI) wherever possible to minimize development time and cost. If NDI could not satisfy established system requirements the appropriate technology would be provided through a research and development effort. Earlier testing of candidate NDI equipment revealed that existing sonars and C3D with appropriate characteristics were not available ... Security, Technology survey, Marine sonar systems, Waterside security.

Download or read book Real Time Force Protection Simulation and Training System Usability Evaluation written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Air Force Research Laboratory is conducting research and development of a computer-based simulation capability to support training in decision-making and team coordination for security forces ground operations. Simulation software supports the interaction (over a local area network) of trainees with each other and with computer-generated forces (CGF's) that simulate behavior and communications of enemy, neutral, and friendly troops and civilians. Radio functions allow multi-channel communication among instructors, trainees, and CGF's. Trainees can practice decision-making and team coordination in a number of scenarios with varying threat and environmental conditions. Current systems are too costly for training large numbers of security forces because they require an on-site technician to develop simulation exercises, control the exercise, serve as role players, task CGF's, and support after action reviews. Consequently, design and development of a simulation control interface that can be directly used by instructors and trainees is an important R & D objective. For the security forces simulation capability the goal is to design a control interface that instructors can learn to use in two hours and trainees can learn to use in thirty minutes. To achieve this goal, a Windows-based control interface (with a number of video game features) was adopted as the initial point of departure. Menu options were developed to correspond to the standard mission planning procedures used by security forces and drag-and-drop functions were developed to replace menu options to contribute to usability. We have conducted an evaluation of the initial user interface with school instructors and trainees. The paper describes the emerging control interface, the approach to and outcomes from a field evaluation of the interface to include actual times required for instructors and trainees to learn to use the system and instructors' acceptability evaluations.

Download or read book Force Protection and Coastal Security A National Challenge A Coast Guard Response written by and published by . This book was released on 2001 with total page 31 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among the challenges facing the United States in the post-Cold War world is an emerging threat from trans-national or non-state actors who will elect to use terrorism to achieve their ends because of their inability to meet the United States face to face militarily. Recent studies have indicated that while the threat of terrorism has decreased some in recent years, the severity of recent terrorist acts has actually increased, and is expected to continue in that trend. In light of the current overarching U.S. military strategy of forward presence and global engagement, today's U.S. Naval forces are more forward deployed to a range of theaters than ever before. Such forward presence does not afford the luxury of forces being able to operate from the relative safety of "Blue Water", but instead requires that they be engaged in the complex--and sometimes highly dangerous--littorals. The threat today in the littorals from non-state actors is also increasing; and the recent attack on the USS Cole seems only the latest evidence. The U.S. Coast Guard--a unique instrument of national security--more than ever has the ability to demonstrate a greater role in the force protection of forward deployed naval forces. Additionally, the threat to U.S. coastal security, particularly in critical strategic commercial and military ports is also growing. The U.S. Coast Guard must also rise to new challenges in this arena by addressing with other agencies, and then taking firm action to safeguard the future security of U.S. ports and harbors.

Download or read book Small Boat and Swarm Defense A Gap Study written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 87 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: United States Naval forces conducting straits transits face a host of unique force protection challenges. Traffic density is often high, with many ferries, fishing and pleasure boats, and large cargo ships maneuvering in a small area. Although the Rules of Engagement (ROE) will generally designate query and warning ranges, International law and freedom of navigation allow vessels to operate in very close proximity to warships. Small vessels are often difficult to regulate and many lack basic equipment such as bridge to bridge radios. With a host of stationary and seemingly randomly moving boats, determining a hostile action in a timely manner is difficult at best. These conditions make the identification of and defense against hostile small craft extremely difficult. Even after a craft is designated hostile, the timeline for mounting an effective defense is often very short. This thesis shows that a gap in capability exists in the surface force to defend itself against small threat craft. It adds functionality to the Anti-Terrorism / Force Protection (AT/FP) Tool initially developed by Lieutenant James Harney (Harney 2003) and significantly enhanced by Lieutenant Patrick Sullivan (Sullivan 2006). Lieutenant Harney created the foundation for all the work that followed by investigating the role of Discrete Event Simulation (DES) in defense Modeling and Simulation (M & S). The result of this work was a fully integrated, prototypical, Java-based application that demonstrates how various Open-Source, webbased technologies can be applied in order to provide the tactical operator with tools to aid in Force Protection planning (Harney 2003).

Download or read book Real Time Fleet Protection written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in infrared sensor technology, detection algorithms, and high performance commercial computing hardware have enabled powerful new approaches to autonomous day/night video imaging-based protection systems for Navy surface ships. Under the ONR Fleet and Force Protection Future Naval Capabilities program, NRL has developed the Distributed Aperture System Infrared Search and Track (DAS IRST) system for that purpose. The DAS IRST system provides situational awareness against terrorist-class threats such as surfaced divers, rafts, small boats, and light aircraft, and covert surveillance capability, including autonomous detection, tracking, and threat designation for antiship missiles. The performance characteristics of the system are superior to prior implementations as the result of the development very-large-format high-sensitivity infrared focal planes and improved real-time detection, tracking, and threat declaration algorithms.

Download or read book Sea Swat A Littoral Combat Ship for Sea Base Defense written by and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 389 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Unlike past conflicts, which were characterized by major naval battles in the open ocean, present day threats are mostly associated with rogue nations and terrorist cells. These threats may strike at unsuspected times and locations. The United States Navy may operate from a Sea Base that protects power ashore through the use of surface and air assets. These assets must transit from the Sea Base in the blue water through the littoral region to reach the objective area. Total ship system designs that include high-speed littoral combat ships (LCS) are required that are capable of operating in these regions and defending the Sea Base, the surface, and air assets from an asymmetric threat. With a modular design and the ability to carry multiple helicopters and unmanned underwater vehicles (UUV), the SEA SWAT LCS concept can be quickly employed as a force multiplier capable of operating as an Air Warfare or Undersea/Mine Warfare mission platform. With the addition of the core and Surface Warfare sensors and weapons to one of these modular mission packages, the SEA SWAT LCS concept for sea base defense will ensure air, surface, and subsurface superiority during conflict. An advanced electrical power system in conjunction with an integrated propulsion system and zonal power distribution provides sustained combat capability against multiple asymmetric threats. Its enclosed super-structure allows for high survivability in a CBR environment. The paper covers the following topics: analysis of alternatives for ship number, combat systems, and hull design; the design process; propulsion and electrical systems, hydrostatics, combat systems, damage control, CBR systems, manning and habitability, and environmental concerns; signatures, cost, and weight analyses; and threats, including mines, torpedoes, submarines, small boats, unconventional vessels, cruise missiles, UAVs, SAMS, and unguided missiles. Extensive appendixes. (72 tables, 109 figures).

Download or read book Navy Tactics Techniques and Procedures Nttp 3 13 3m Marine Corps Training Publication 3 32b Operations Security Opsec Edition September 2017 written by United States Government US Navy and published by Createspace Independent Publishing Platform. This book was released on 2018-04-13 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Navy Tactics Techniques and Procedures NTTP 3-13.3m Marine Corps Training Publication 3-32b Operations Security (OPSEC) Edition September 2017 In 1988, President Ronald Reagan signed national security decision directive (NSDD) 298, establishing a national operations security (OPSEC) program and creating a national OPSEC structure. NSDD 298 requires each Federal agency or organization supporting national security missions with classified or sensitive activities to establish an OPSEC program. Due to the Department of the Navy's (DON) inherent national security mission and use of classified and sensitive information, NSDD 298 serves to inform the DON OPSEC program. OPSEC is a formal program which identifies and protects both sensitive unclassified and classified information that ensures mission success. This document provides relevant U.S. Navy and Marine Corps tactics, techniques, and procedures from myriad reference materials to assist the command OPSEC program manager, and ultimately the commander, in taking prudent OPSEC considerations into account during day-to-day activities and the mission planning process. Navy tactics, techniques, and procedures (NTTP) 3-13.3M/Marine Corps tactical publication (MCTP) 3-32B provides commanders with an OPSEC overview, OPSEC evolution, and guidance for some of the most crucial aspects of OPSEC: that of identifying critical information, and recognizing the collection methods from potential adversaries. This document also explains the Department of Defense (DOD) OPSEC five-step process, the baseline of every OPSEC program. NTTP 3-13.3M/MCTP 3-32B addresses the areas of OPSEC and force protection; public affairs officer (PAO) interaction; the role of the U.S. intelligence community in coordination with OPSEC; the OPSEC, ombudsman, or family readiness officer (FRO) relationship; and the conducting of OPSEC assessments. This publication includes separate chapters and appendixes on Web risk assessment (WRA), OPSEC in contracts, OPSEC during fleet workups, and guidance to implement effective programs at the individual unit, strike group, and shore establishment levels.