Download or read book Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening written by Ann G. Zauber and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force requested a decision analysis to inform their update of the recommendations for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. OBJECTIVE: To assess life-years gained and colonoscopy requirements for CRC screening strategies and identify a set of recommendable screening strategies. DESIGN: Decision analysis using two CRC microsimulation models from the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network. DATA SOURCES: Derived from recent published literature on test characteristics of single use applications of various screening strategies. TARGET POPULATION: U.S. average-risk 40-year-old population. PERSPECTIVE: Societal. TIME HORIZON: Lifetime. INTERVENTIONS: Fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs), flexible sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy screening beginning at age 40, 50, or 60 and stopping at age 75 or 85 with screening intervals of 1, 2, or 3 years for FOBT and 5, 10, or 20 years for sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of life-years gained compared with no screening and number of colonoscopies and non-colonoscopy tests required. RESULTS OF BASE-CASE ANALYSIS: Beginning screening at age 50 was consistently better than age 60. Lowering the stop age from 85 to 75 decreased life-years gained by 1% to 4%, while colonoscopy use fell by 4% to 15%. Assuming equally high adherence, four strategies provided comparable life-years gained, namely 10-yearly colonoscopy, annual Hemoccult SENSA or fecal immunochemical test, and 5-yearly flexible sigmoidoscopy in conjunction with Hemoccult SENSA every 2 to 3 years. Annual Hemoccult II alone and 5-yearly flexible sigmoidoscopy alone were less effective. RESULTS OF SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS: The results were most sensitive to beginning screening at age 40. LIMITATIONS: Stopping age for screening was based only on chronological age. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support CRC screening from ages 50 to 75 with annual screening with a high sensitivity FOBT, 10-yearly colonoscopy, or high sensitivity FOBT every 2 to 3 years with a 5-yearly flexible sigmoidoscopy.
Download or read book Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening Age to Begin Age to Stop and Timing of Screening Intervals written by U. S. Department of Health and Human Services and published by CreateSpace. This book was released on 2013-06-26 with total page 66 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Despite recent declines in both incidence and mortality, colorectal cancer (CRC) remains the second most common cause of cancer death in the United States. Screening for CRC reduces mortality through the detection of malignancies at earlier, more treatable stages, as well as through the identification and removal of adenomatous polyps (asymptomatic benign precursor lesions that may lead to CRC). There are a number of tests currently available for screening, such as fecal occult blood testing (FOBT), flexible sigmoidoscopy, and colonoscopy. Screening with FOBT (Hemoccult II) has been shown to reduce CRC mortality by 15% to 33% in randomized controlled trials and screening with more sensitive FOBTs, flexible sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy or combinations of these tests may reduce the burden of CRC even more. In the absence of adequate clinical trial data on several recommended screening strategies, microsimulation modeling can provide guidance on the risks, benefits, and testing resources required for different screening strategies to reduce the burden of CRC. In July 2002, the US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) concluded that there was sufficient evidence to recommend strongly that all average-risk adults 50 years of age and older should be offered CRC screening. However, the logistics of screening such as the type of screening test, screening interval, and age to stop screening were not evaluated in terms of the balance of benefits and potential harms. The USPSTF has again addressed CRC screening recommendations with a systematic review of the evidence on screening tests. For this assessment, the Task Force requested a decision analysis to project expected outcomes of various CRC screening strategies. Two independent microsimulation modeling groups from the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network (CISNET), funded by the National Cancer Institute, used a comparative modeling approach to compare life-years gained relative to resource use of different CRC screening strategies.
Download or read book Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening Age to Begin Age to Stop and Timing of Screening Intervals written by Ann G. Zauber and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book European Guidelines for Quality Assurance in Colorectal Cancer Screening and Diagnosis written by Nereo Segnan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 452 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recoge: 1. Introduction -- 2. Organisation -- Guiding principles for organising a colorectal cancer screening programme -- 3. Evaluation and interpretation of screening outcomes -- 4. Faecal occult blood testing -- 5. Quality assurance in endoscopy in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis -- 6. Professional requirements and training -- 7. Quality assurance in pathology in colorectal cancer screening and diagnosis -- 8. Management of lesions detected in colorectal cancer screening -- 9. Colonoscopic surveillance following adenoma removal --10. Communication -- Appendices.
Download or read book Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening Age to Begin Age to Stop and Timing of Screening Intervals A Decision Analysis of Colorectal Cancer Screening for the U S Preventive Se written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Colorectal Cancer Screening written by Joseph Anderson, MD and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-04-23 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Colorectal Cancer Screening provides a complete overview of colorectal cancer screening, from epidemiology and molecular abnormalities, to the latest screening techniques such as stool DNA and FIT, Computerized Tomography (CT) Colonography, High Definition Colonoscopes and Narrow Band Imaging. As the text is devoted entirely to CRC screening, it features many facts, principles, guidelines and figures related to screening in an easy access format. This volume provides a complete guide to colorectal cancer screening which will be informative to the subspecialist as well as the primary care practitioner. It represents the only text that provides this up to date information about a subject that is continually changing. For the primary practitioner, information on the guidelines for screening as well as increasing patient participation is presentedd. For the subspecialist, information regarding the latest imaging techniques as well as flat adenomas and chromoendoscopy are covered. The section on the molecular changes in CRC will appeal to both groups. The text includes up to date information about colorectal screening that encompasses the entire spectrum of the topic and features photographs of polyps as well as diagrams of the morphology of polyps as well as photographs of CT colonography images. Algorithms are presented for all the suggested guidelines. Chapters are devoted to patient participation in screening and risk factors as well as new imaging technology. This useful volume explains the rationale behind screening for CRC. In addition, it covers the different screening options as well as the performance characteristics, when available in the literature, for each test. This volume will be used by the sub specialists who perform screening tests as well as primary care practitioners who refer patients to be screened for colorectal cancer.
Download or read book Colorectal Cancer Screening written by Han-Mo Chiu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-20 with total page 145 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book offers a self-contained review of the theoretical and practical basis of colorectal cancer screening. Colorectal cancer is currently the fourth leading cause of cancer deaths worldwide and represents a significant burden for both public health and health care systems. However, colorectal cancer deaths can be prevented using effective screening, and many countries and regions have launched population colorectal cancer screening programs. This book covers various essential aspects of colorectal cancer screening, including the epidemiology of colorectal cancer, the various screening and diagnostic tests or exams, quality issues in colorectal cancer screening, necessary infrastructures, the evaluation of effectiveness, and economic appraisals of screening programs. Focusing on organized screening, in which various quality indicators can easily monitored and effectiveness is more likely to be evaluated, it discusses the basics of screening theory and the natural history of colorectal neoplasms, to help readers understand the rationale behind cancer screening. Lastly, it features international consensus and guidelines on colorectal cancer screening to highlight the current trends in the field. This comprehensive book on recent technological developments and conceptual advances in colorectal cancer screening is a valuable resource for public health workers and clinicians alike.
Download or read book Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening Age to Begin Age to Stop and Timing of Screening Intervals written by and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Evaluating Test Strategies for Colorectal Cancer Screening Age to Begin Age to Stop and Timing of Screening Intervals written by Ann G. Zauber and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 61 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: BACKGROUND: The U.S. Preventive Services Task Force requested a decision analysis to inform their update of the recommendations for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening. OBJECTIVE: To assess life-years gained and colonoscopy requirements for CRC screening strategies and identify a set of recommendable screening strategies. DESIGN: Decision analysis using two CRC microsimulation models from the Cancer Intervention and Surveillance Modeling Network. DATA SOURCES: Derived from recent published literature on test characteristics of single use applications of various screening strategies. TARGET POPULATION: U.S. average-risk 40-year-old population. PERSPECTIVE: Societal. TIME HORIZON: Lifetime. INTERVENTIONS: Fecal occult blood tests (FOBTs), flexible sigmoidoscopy, or colonoscopy screening beginning at age 40, 50, or 60 and stopping at age 75 or 85 with screening intervals of 1, 2, or 3 years for FOBT and 5, 10, or 20 years for sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. OUTCOME MEASURES: Number of life-years gained compared with no screening and number of colonoscopies and non-colonoscopy tests required. RESULTS OF BASE-CASE ANALYSIS: Beginning screening at age 50 was consistently better than age 60. Lowering the stop age from 85 to 75 decreased life-years gained by 1% to 4%, while colonoscopy use fell by 4% to 15%. Assuming equally high adherence, four strategies provided comparable life-years gained, namely 10-yearly colonoscopy, annual Hemoccult SENSA or fecal immunochemical test, and 5-yearly flexible sigmoidoscopy in conjunction with Hemoccult SENSA every 2 to 3 years. Annual Hemoccult II alone and 5-yearly flexible sigmoidoscopy alone were less effective. RESULTS OF SENSITIVITY ANALYSIS: The results were most sensitive to beginning screening at age 40. LIMITATIONS: Stopping age for screening was based only on chronological age. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings support CRC screening from ages 50 to 75 with annual screening with a high sensitivity FOBT, 10-yearly colonoscopy, or high sensitivity FOBT every 2 to 3 years with a 5-yearly flexible sigmoidoscopy.
Download or read book Costs and effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening in the elderly written by Health Program Office of Technology Assessment U.S. Congress Washington, DC 20510-8025 and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1990 with total page 63 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Colorectal Cancer Screening written by Aasma Shaukat and published by Springer. This book was released on 2015-03-14 with total page 210 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume provides a comprehensive overview of quality metrics and methods used to improve quality for all major modalities of CRC screening. It introduces the readers to the evidence of effectiveness behind various CRC screening modalities: stool-based tests (Fecal Occult Blood, Fecal Immunochemical and Fecal DNA tests), flexible sigmoidoscopy, colonoscopy and CT colonography. In-depth chapters review the latest guidelines for CRC screening, compare differences among the five major national guidelines, and highlight the need for valid quality and cost indicators. While the main focus of this volume is on colonoscopy, since most quality indicators and analyses have focused on this modality of screening and surveillance, one chapter is devoted to quality indicators of other screening modalities. Differences between process and outcome measures are also highlighted and a small but valid set of recommended national measures are listed. Written by experts in the field, Colorectal Cancer Screening: Quality and Benchmarks is an important and useful resource written for gastroenterologists, primary care physicians, general and colorectal surgeons, family physicians, and investigators with research focus in screening and quality metrics.
Download or read book Implementing Colorectal Cancer Screening written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-01-01 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The IOM's National Cancer Policy Board estimated in 2003 that even modest efforts to implement known tactics for cancer prevention and early detection could result in up to a 29 percent drop in cancer deaths in about 20 years. The IOM's National Cancer Policy Forum, which succeeded the Board after it was disbanded in 2005, continued the Board's work to outline ways to increase screening in the U.S. On February 25 and 26, 2008, the Forum convened a workshop to discuss screening for colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer screening remains low, despite strong evidence that screening prevents deaths. With the aim to make recommended colorectal cancer screening more widespread, the workshop discussed steps to be taken at the clinic, community, and health system levels. Workshop speakers, representing a broad spectrum of leaders in the field, identified major barriers to increased screening and described strategies to overcome these obstacles. This workshop summary highlights the information presented, as well as the subsequent discussion about actions needed to increase colorectal screening and, ultimately, to prevent more colorectal cancer deaths.
Download or read book Colorectal Cancer Screening An Issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics written by Douglas K. Rex and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2020-06-21 with total page 257 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Together with Consulting Editor, Dr. Charles Lightdale, Dr. Doug Rex has put together an issue of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy Clinics that provides state-of-the-art clinical coverage of colorectal screening. Expert authors from all over the world have contributed clinical reviews that will be a staple for all practicing endoscopists. The articles are devoted to the following topics: What is organized screening and what is its value; Screening decisions in the opportunistic setting; The National Colorectal Cancer Round Table: Past performance and current and future goals; Proven strategies for increasing screening adherence; Colorectal cancer in persons under age 50: Seeking causes and solutions; Risk stratification strategies: From logistic regression to artificial intelligence; Cost-effectiveness of current screening tests; Quality in colorectal cancer screening; Screening for the serrated pathway; FIT: The world’s colorectal cancer screening test; Fecal DNA testing: What has it accomplished and where is it headed; Is bowel preparation without complete colon clearing a viable concept: Update on flexible sigmoidoscopy, CTC, and capsule colonoscopy; Evidenced based screening strategies for a positive family history; Aspirational ADR and ideal colonoscopy performance: How long can we go between colonoscopies; and How Artificial Intelligence will impact colonoscopy and colorectal cancer screening. Readers will come away with the clinical knowledge they need to improve outcomes in colon cancer screening and prevention.
Download or read book New Methodological Approaches to Assessing Colorectal Cancer Screening written by Resa Marie Jones and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 432 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Costs and Effectiveness of Colorectal Cancer Screening in the Elderly written by and published by . This book was released on 1990 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Colorectal cancer screening written by International Agency for Research on Cancer and published by International Agency for Research on Cancer. This book was released on 2019-10-24 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A Working Group of 23 independent experts from 15 countries, convened by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) in November 2017, reviewed the scientific evidence and assessed the cancer-preventive and adverse effects of various methods of screening for colorectal cancer. Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in men and the second most common in women worldwide, and represents more than 10% of the global cancer burden. This publication provides evidence-based evaluations of the effectiveness of colorectal cancer screening in reducing colorectal cancer incidence and mortality. The Working Group also reviewed the body of evidence on the comparison of endoscopic and stool-based techniques, on the determinants of participation in screening programs, and on the most mature emerging techniques that may be alternatives to current practices for colorectal cancer screening, as well as presenting the different categories of high-risk populations and the surveillance strategies for such individuals.
Download or read book Economic Models of Colorectal Cancer Screening in Average Risk Adults written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2005-04-11 with total page 308 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The National Cancer Policy Board and the Board on Science, Engineering, and Economic Policy convened a workshop in January 2004 on "Economic Models of Colorectal Cancer (CRC) Screening in Average-Risk Adults". The purpose of the workshop was to explore the reasons for differences among leading cost-effectiveness analysis (CEA) models of CRC screening, which public health policy makers increasingly rely on to help them sift through the many choices confronting them. Participants discussed the results of a collaborative pre-workshop exercise undertaken by five research teams that have developed and maintained comprehensive models of CRC screening in average-risk adults, to gain insight into each model's structure and assumptions and possible explanations for differences in their published analyses. Workshop participants also examined the current state of knowledge on key inputs to the models with a view toward identifying areas where further research may be warranted. This document summarized the presentations and discussion at the workshop.
