Download or read book Evaluating Endocrine Disruption in Receiving Waters written by P. V. Cline and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In recent years, concerns have been raised that low concentrations of chemicals may alter the normal functions of the endocrine system, resulting in potentially significant adverse effects on growth, reproduction, and/or development. For domestic wastewater discharges to surface water bodies, estrogenic activity of effluents has been suggested by chemical analysis, biomarkers, and /or in vitro assays. Chemical Measurements. Using sensitive analytical techniques, natural or synthetic hormones and chemicals that mimic estrogen, have been detected in some domestic wastewater effluents and associated watersheds at low concentrations. Biomarkers. Several studies have demonstrated physiological changes in fish that may be attributed to exposure to estrogenic compounds. These include the presence of vitellogenin protein in male fish and/or intersex conditions. In vitro assays. The Yeast Estrogen Screen (YES) has been used to characterize estrogenicity of effluents, influents, biosolids and surface waters. This two-year WERF project explored approaches to evaluate the potential for biomarker formation as a result of effluent exposures, and the subsequent relevance of the emerging assays and physiological measurements on potential adverse impacts to individuals or populations of fish in the receiving streams. The endocrine system is complex, and many factors can influence the physiological measurements, including methods, sex, age, reproductive status, seasonal and circadian rhythms, diet, temperature, etc. and produce transient changes in physiology but no significant effect on the individual.

Download or read book Evaluating Endocrine Disruption in Receiving Waters written by Patricia V. Cline and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Evaluating Endocrine Disruption In Receiving Waters written by and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Endocrine Disrupters in Wastewater and Sludge Treatment Processes written by Jason W. Birkett and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-11-25 with total page 231 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals (EDCs) have been shown to produce changes in the endocrine system of organisms, leading to increases in cancers and abnormalities in reproductive structure and function. This book presents research on the endocrine-disrupting effects of sewage and industrial effluents, covering the sources, fate, and transport of EDCs

Download or read book Assessment of Streams and Aquatic Organisms in the Vicinity of Birmingham Alabama for the Presence and Biological Activity of Endocrine disrupting Chemicals written by Bryan S. Arwood and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 98 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Freshwater ecosystems play a central role in the environment. Through various processes such as nutrient recycling, groundwater recharging, and the attenuation of many pollutants these biological systems help to maintain environmental health. Unfortunately, many recent studies have identified emerging threats to these special environments and the life they sustain. One source of mounting concern is a group of compounds that interact with the endocrine systems of humans and wildlife. Known as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs), these natural and synthetic chemicals may mimic or interfere with the action of natural hormones--thus disrupting the endocrine system. Multiple studies have reported negative effects associated with EDCs on both the health of humans and wildlife; however more information is needed on the reproductive effects that EDCs may pose to wildlife, in particular fish inhabiting these freshwater ecosystems. Fish serve as a useful indicator of the health of an aquatic ecosystem. To this end, the scope of the current investigation provides an integrated approach in assessing the streams and aquatic organisms in the vicinity of Birmingham, Alabama for the presence and biological activity of EDCs. It follows a preliminary study conducted at several sites along the Cahaba River in which a yeast estrogen screen (YES) detected sufficient estrogenicity in water samples to imply the possible feminization of fish. Repeated samples were collected between 2012 and 2013 providing an assessment to the extent of seasonal and annual variation in estrogenic activity. Using the same YES assay as employed previously, it was determined that water samples collected at several wastewater treatment plant (WWTPs) outfalls contained estrogenic components in concentrations sufficient to cause endocrine disruption in aquatic organisms. Water samples were further analyzed using tandem liquid chromatograph/mass spectrometry and the predominant estrogenic components identified. At WWTPs where habitats were suitable, specimens of largescale stoneroller ( Campostoma oligolepis ) were collected and biomarkers of endocrine disruption evaluated. Such biomarkers included the presence of intersex, reduced gonad size in males and/or females, and reduced secondary sex characteristics within males. In each study described within this dissertation, chemical and biological evidence suggests that environmental estrogens were present at low-level concentrations during the sampling window represented here. Environmental estrogens detected in water samples from the WWTPs investigated illustrated non-significant seasonal influence of environmental concentration. Neither LC/MS nor the YES assay detected significant estrogen loading into receiving bodies of water via wastewater effluent. Additionally, biomarkers for endocrine disruption evaluated within C. oligolepis failed to detect significant differences in either histology or morphology between WWTP present and WWTP absent sites. We conclude that the WWTPs assessed in this study are not currently contributing environmental estrogens to the receiving waters in concentrations sufficient to produce discernible effects upon the fish populations within Jefferson County, Alabama; this is primarily due to their presence at low-level concentrations and intermittent persistence within receiving bodies of water.

Download or read book Investigations of Endocrine Disruption in Aquatic Systems Associated with the National Water Quality Assessment NAWQA Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Endocrine Disruptors and Pharmaceuticals in Drinking Water written by Peter Weyer and published by American Water Works Association. This book was released on 2001 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the potential implications of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) and pharmaceutically active compounds (PhACs) for drinking water and wastewater utilities. Based on an April 2000 workshop held in Chicago, the report overviews various perspectives on identifying and measuring compounds of interest, possible public health impacts, water treatment options, and risk perception and communication issues. The resulting research needs are outlined. An appendix provides abstracts of the lectures delivered. No index. c. Book News Inc.

Download or read book Special report on environmental endocrine disruption an effects assessment and analysis prepared for the Risk Assessment Forum U S Environmental Protection Agency written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on 1997 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Review of the Environmental Protection Agency s State of the science Evaluation of Nonmonotonic Dose response Relationships as They Apply to Endocrine Disruptors written by National Research Council (U.S.). Committee to Review EPA's State of the Science Paper on Nonmonotonic Dose Reponse and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Potential health effects from chemicals that disrupt endocrine function pose an environmental health concern because of their ability to interfere with normal hormone function in human and wildlife populations. The endocrine system regulates biological processes throughout the body and is sensitive to small changes in hormone concentrations. Endocrine-disruptor research has focused primarily on chemicals that affect three hormone pathways that play important roles in reproduction and development - the estrogen, androgen, and thyroid hormone pathways. Some of this research has identified dose-response relationships that have nonmonotonic curves. Nonmonotonic dose-response curves (NMDRs) are of concern because they do not follow the usual assumption made in toxicology that as dose decreases the response also decreases. The existence of NMDRs has been a controversial topic for decades, and there has been considerable debate about their implications for how chemicals are tested and for how risks from such chemicals are assessed. Toxicity tests are designed to identify hazards and to characterize dose-response relationships, so tests are aimed at finding a (high) dose that elicits a response, and dose-response is explored by testing lower doses spaced to identify statistically a no- or lowest-observed-adverse-effect level. The concern for NMDRs is that such studies, as currently designed, might not detect the inflection of the dose-response curve if only a few doses are tested or if the change in inflection occurs below the range of doses tested. Another concern is that some NMDRs are found for biological effects that are not usually evaluated in toxicity tests. If current testing strategies are inadequate to account for NMDRs, changes to risk assessment practices might be necessary. To help address these issues, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed a draft State-of-the-Science Evaluation: Nonmonotonic Dose Responses as they Apply to Estrogen, Androgen, and Thyroid Pathways and EPA Testing and Assessment Procedures. EPA asked the National Research Council to conduct an independent review of this evaluation to ensure that it is scientifically sound and of high quality. Review of Environmental Protection Agency's State-of-the-Science Evaluation of Nonmonotonic Dose-Response as they Apply to Endocrine Disrupters evaluates whether EPA's evaluation presents a scientifically sound and high-quality analysis of the literature on NMDRs. This report reviews how well the EPA evaluation described how the assessment was performed, whether consistent methods and criteria were applied in the analysis of different evidence streams, and whether appropriate methods were applied to evaluating the evidence. The report makes recommendations to improve EPA's process and strengthen the evaluation.

Download or read book Endocrine Disrupting Compounds in Effluent Waters written by Maria Pettersson and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Endocrine Disruption and Human Health written by Philippa D. Darbre and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-03-21 with total page 390 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endocrine Disruption and Human Health starts with an overview of what endocrine disruptors are, the issues surrounding them, and the source of these chemicals in the ecosystem. This is followed by an overview of the mechanisms of action and assay systems. The third section includes chapters written by specialists on different aspects of concern for the effects of endocrine disruption on human health. Finally, the authors consider the risk assessment of endocrine disruptors and the pertinent regulation developed by the EU, the US FDA, as well as REACH and NGOs. The book has been written for researchers and research clinicians interested in learning about the actions of endocrine disruptors and current evidence justifying concerns for human health but is useful for those approaching the subject for the first time, graduate students, and advanced undergraduate students. Provides readers with access to a range of information from the basic mechanisms and assays to cutting-edge research investigating concerns for human health Presents a comprehensive, translational look at all aspects of endocrine disruption and its effects on human health Offers guidance on the risk assessment of endocrine disruptors and current relevant regulatory considerations

Download or read book Investigations of Endocrine Disruption in Aquatic Systems Associated with the National Water Quality Assessment NAWQA Program written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Environmental Endocrine Disruption experimental Models and Assessment written by Maher Haeba and published by LAP Lambert Academic Publishing. This book was released on 2014-09-19 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Endocrine disruptors are an important issue in the environmental chemistry and ecotoxicology. Hormones regulate numerous biological processes and evaluation of the whole organism response provides more realistic information on physiological and developmental processes that may be directly or indirectly affected by endocrine-disrupting compounds. More research is needed to study effect of EDCs on these three Bioassays (D.magna, X. laevis, L. minor. However, to assess effect of EDCs on bioassay more than one endpoint should be considered.

Download or read book Encyclopedia of Aquatic Ecotoxicology written by Jean-Francois Férard and published by Springer. This book was released on 2013-06-14 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With its 104 chapters, this Encyclopedia of aquatic ecotoxicology reveals the diversity of issues, problems and challenges that have faced, and are facing today, receiving environments. It also indicates ways by which tools, strategies and future investigations can contribute to correct, minimize, solve and prevent water quality degradation. Structured homogeneously, the chapters convey salient information on historical background, features, characteristics, uses and/or applications of treated topics, often complemented by illustrations and case studies, as well as by conclusions and prospects. This work is most suitable for teaching purposes. Academics, for example, could literally deliver comprehensive lectures to students simply based on chapter outlines and contents. Meet the Authors of the Encyclopedia! Check out 'Meet the Authors' under ADDITIONAL INFORMATION (Right menu).

Download or read book Monitoring Water Quality written by Satinder Ahuja and published by Newnes. This book was released on 2013-01-02 with total page 395 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Monitoring Water Quality is a practical assessment of one of the most pressing growth and sustainability issues in the developed and developing worlds: water quality. Over the last 10 years, improved laboratory techniques have led to the discovery of microbial and viral contaminants, pharmaceuticals, and endocrine disruptors in our fresh water supplies that were not monitored previously. This book offers in-depth coverage of water quality issues (natural and human-related), monitoring of contaminants, and remediation of water contamination. In particular, readers will learn about arsenic removal techniques, real-time monitoring, and risk assessment. Monitoring Water Quality is a vital text for students and professionals in environmental science, civil engineering, chemistry — anyone concerned with issues of water analysis and sustainability assessment. Covers in depth the scope of sustainable water problems on a worldwide scale Provides a rich source of sophisticated methods for analyzing water to assure its safety Describes the monitoring of contaminants, including pharmaceutical and endocrine disruptors Helps to quickly identify the sources and fates of contaminants and sources of pollutants and their loading

Download or read book Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment written by Beate Escher and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2011-12-15 with total page 273 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part of Water Quality Set - Buy all four books and save over 30% on buying separately! Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment reviews the application of bioanalytical tools to the assessment of water quality including surveillance monitoring. The types of water included range from wastewater to drinking water, including recycled water, as well as treatment processes and advanced water treatment. Bioanalytical Tools in Water Quality Assessment not only demonstrates applications but also fills in the background knowledge in toxicology/ecotoxicology needed to appreciate these applications. Each chapter summarises fundamental material in a targeted way so that information can be applied to better understand the use of bioanalytical tools in water quality assessment. Bioanalytical tools in Water Quality Assessment can be used by lecturers teaching academic and professional courses and also by risk assessors, regulators, experts, consultants, researchers and managers working in the water sector. It can also be a reference manual for environmental engineers, analytical chemists, and toxicologists. Authors: Beate Escher, National Research Centre for Environmental Toxicology (EnTox), The University of Queensland, Australia, Frederic Leusch, Smart Water Research Facility (G51), Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Australia. With contributions by Heather Chapman and Anita Poulsen

Download or read book Assessment of endocrine disrupting activities in the aquatic environment written by Carina Björkblom and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 103 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Svensk sammanfattning.