Download or read book European waters assessment of status and pressures written by European Environment Agency and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 96 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book European Waters written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The main aim of EU water policy is to ensure that a sufficient quantity of good-quality water is available for both people's needs and the environment. The Water Framework Directive (WFD), which came into force in 2000, established a framework for the assessment, management, protection and improvement of the quality of water resources across the EU. Since December 2015, EU Member States have been publishing the second river basin management plans (RBMPs) for achieving the environmental objectives of the WFD. These plans are updates of the first RBMPs, which were published in 2009.
Download or read book European Waters written by Europæiske Miljøagentur and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book European Waters written by and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 85 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Ecological and chemical status and pressures in European waters written by Anne Lyche Solheim and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The EU Water Framework Directive written by P. Chave and published by IWA Publishing. This book was released on 2001-09-30 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Taking over 10 years to develop, the new EU Water Framework Directive is the most significant legal instrument in the water field to emerge from Brussels for some time and will have a profound effect on how water is managed in Europe over the next 25 years. The book outlines its basic features. It explains how the current approach to water management will have to change in order that European Member states and those countries currently in accession negotiations can meet the requirements of the directive, describing a number of examples of current practices as possible systems which could be used in the new approach. The concept of river basin management is outlined, and the potential institutional problems associated with implementing such a system are discussed including the problems associated with cross-border river basins, a common situation in Europe. Examples of existing river basin authorities and international collaboration are given as possible models. The directive requires the establishment of programmes of measures to improve water status. Some countries already use such a concept, and examples are quoted. As a result of its implementation, the directive aims to achieve good water status in all natural surface waters and groundwater in 15 years. For surface waters, the definition of 'good' is based on a new concept of 'ecological quality' taking into account biology, chemistry and their physical features. For groundwater, it includes quantitative status. The approach taken is an integrated one which has to consider all the naturally occurring and human factors which affect the waters. The difficulties of interpretation of the new concept of 'ecological water status' are discussed and some of the examples of current biological and chemical classification schemes that are used in Europe are examined. The directive also alters the way in which pollution is to be controlled - the 'combined' approach. This concept is explained. The EU Water Framework Directive: An Introduction is an invaluable source of guidance on the implementation of the Water Framework Directive for all those concerned with water management including water quality planners and scientists, pollution control and environmental staff in the water and wastewater industries and environmental regulators who all have to adapt to the new approach to their work. Contents Introduction The EU Water Framework Directive Principal Obligations of the Directive Implementation of the Directive River Basin Districts River Basin Characteristics Environmental Objectives Programme of Measures River Basin Plans Groundwater Waters Requiring Special Protection Priority Substances Monitoring Economic Instruments Recording and Reporting Summary Timescales and Future Developments
Download or read book Assessment of the ecological status of European surface waters written by Peeter Nõges and published by Springer. This book was released on 2012-05-05 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The complex impact that man has on aquatic ecosystems creates a need for assessment systems that are able to adequately appraise and integrate the effects of various pressures. Chemical analysis alone can easily overlook some factors vital for life. With the adoption of the EU Water Framework Directive (WFD) in the year 2000 which defined the ecological status of surface water as ‘‘... an expression of the quality of the structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems associated with surface waters", biological indicators were brought to the forefront for the first time and became drivers to the water management practices. Assessment of ecological status and quantification of its relationships with anthropogenic pressures critically depend on knowledge of relevant biotic and abiotic settings and processes. Needs raised by the implementation of WFD have urged scientific research in many fields in order to find more stable and robust biological metrics and to diminish the uncertainty of assessment results. The number of WFD related scientific publications has increased linearly and exceeded 1500 in the year 2008. This book comprises a small set of this large flow of publications and is mainly focused on the development of biological assessment methods and intercalibration of the assessment results.
Download or read book Drivers of and Pressures Arising from Selected Key Water Management Challenges written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page 69 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The European Green Deal, adopted towards the end of 2019, and the Water Framework Directive are linked to a number of key EU strategies with targets relevant to water, such as the policy initiatives of the Farm to Fork strategy, the new biodiversity strategy for 2030, the new EU strategy on adaptation to climate change and the zero pollution action plan. The 2018 EEA assessment of the status of and pressures on European waters concluded that European waters remained under significant pressures linked to altered habitats and pressures from pollution and water abstraction. As well as providing background information on the European Green Deal and related strategies, this report aims to give a European overview of the main drivers and pressures that are at the core of key water management challenges and which put European water bodies most at risk of not achieving key environmental objectives. The following key European water management challenges have been selected for presentation in this report: pollution pressures, including point source pollution, diffuse source pollution, including scattered dwellings, and pollution pressures from mining; hydromorphological pressures, including issues related to barriers, loss of lateral connectivity, pressures from hydropower and pressures from inland navigation; abstractions and water scarcity; aquaculture; invasive alien species.
Download or read book Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams written by Thibault Datry and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2017-07-11 with total page 624 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Intermittent Rivers and Ephemeral Streams: Ecology and Management takes an internationally broad approach, seeking to compare and contrast findings across multiple continents, climates, flow regimes, and land uses to provide a complete and integrated perspective on the ecology of these ecosystems. Coupled with this, users will find a discussion of management approaches applicable in different regions that are illustrated with relevant case studies. In a readable and technically accurate style, the book utilizes logically framed chapters authored by experts in the field, allowing managers and policymakers to readily grasp ecological concepts and their application to specific situations. - Provides up-to-date reviews of research findings and management strategies using international examples - Explores themes and parallels across diverse sub-disciplines in ecology and water resource management utilizing a multidisciplinary and integrative approach - Reveals the relevance of this scientific understanding to managers and policymakers
Download or read book Chemicals in European Waters written by Caroline Whalley and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 76 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: European Union (EU) and international policies have been tackling water and environmental pollution for nearly 50 years. Gross chemical pollution, exemplified by 'dead rivers', has been successfully addressed in many cases. However, in its recent report European waters — Assessment of status and pressures 2018, which was based on data from Member States on the implementation of the Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) (WFD), the European Environment Agency (EEA) found that only 38 % of EU surface water bodies are in good chemical status. 46 % are failing to achieve good chemical status and 16 % are in unknown chemical status (EEA, 2018a). Chemical status of surface waters under the WFD is assessed against a relatively short list of historically important pollutants. The concentration of a substance in the water is compared with an environmental quality standard (EQS) set for a single substance. This approach has been used for many years and fits well with regulations seeking to control chemicals at source. Most failures in the chemical status of surface waters can be attributed to three groups of substances, all of which are persistent and widely distributed: mercury and its compounds, PAHs (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons) and pBDEs (polybrominated diphenylethers). Through an analysis of the monitoring and emissions data reported by countries, specific actions can be determined that target these priority substances. Action should be taken to reduce all emissions of these substances, in particular, atmospheric emissions. We need to improve understanding of the pathways taken by pBDEs and the pressures causing PAHs to pollute surface waters. Monitoring under the WFD provides important feedback on the effectiveness of chemical source control. However, our understanding of the complex interactions between chemicals and living organisms has greatly increased over the last 20 years. At concentrations lower than those that kill directly, harmful chemicals may exert more subtle effects on organisms, for example by limiting the organism's ability to reproduce. Concern has been raised about the 'cocktail effect', whereby mixtures of substances that may individually be present at harmless concentrations may combine in complicated ways to affect health. New approaches have been developed to measure these effects in effluents and the environment, and these offer ways to assess the potential risks presented by mixtures while still providing information on the types of chemicals causing these risks. This causal information is important for the implementation of effective measures against pollution. From the reported data, we can see that for a number of priority substances, measures seem to have been effective in preventing the entry of these chemicals into surface waters. This success should be welcomed and we should learn the lessons around which approaches work and which do not. However, there are many more chemicals in the environment about which we know little. The challenge presented by chemical mixtures highlights the need to fundamentally review which chemicals we use and how we use them. For the longer term, moving to a less toxic, safer and more sustainable future requires the development of approaches that avoid the use of hazardous substances. Emissions data on pollutants as reported in Europe (for the WFD, the European Pollutant Release and Transfer Register (E-PRTR) or the reporting of the Water Information System for Europe — State of the Environment (WISE-SoE)) can give an important overview on emissions, the impact of measures and trends. However, such data are incomplete and inconsistent and too often exclude diffuse sources. Improvements to our understanding of emissions could be achieved by streamlining of emissions reporting requirements, towards securing robust data satisfying all European emissions to water reporting requirements, and improving the monitoring, modelling and reporting of diffuse sources, to ensure that pressures are correctly understood and measures can be appropriately targeted.
Download or read book Water Ecosystem Services written by Julia Martin-Ortega and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2015-03-26 with total page 187 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book uses ecosystem services-based approaches to address major global and regional water challenges, for researchers, students, and policy makers.
Download or read book The Water Footprint Assessment Manual written by Maite M. Aldaya and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2012-08-21 with total page 224 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: People use lots of water for drinking, cooking and washing, but significantly more for producing things such as food, paper and cotton clothes. The water footprint is an indicator of water use that looks at both direct and indirect water use of a consumer or producer. Indirect use refers to the 'virtual water' embedded in tradable goods and commodities, such as cereals, sugar or cotton. The water footprint of an individual, community or business is defined as the total volume of freshwater that is used to produce the goods and services consumed by the individual or community or produced by the business. This book offers a complete and up-to-date overview of the global standard on water footprint assessment as developed by the Water Footprint Network. More specifically it: o Provides a comprehensive set of methods for water footprint assessment o Shows how water footprints can be calculated for individual processes and products, as well as for consumers, nations and businesses o Contains detailed worked examples of how to calculate green, blue and grey water footprints o Describes how to assess the sustainability of the aggregated water footprint within a river basin or the water footprint of a specific product o Includes an extensive library of possible measures that can contribute to water footprint reduction
Download or read book Europe s Water written by S. C. Nixon and published by Copenhagen : European Environment Agency. This book was released on 2003 with total page 104 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recoge: 1. Introduction - 2. Ecological quality - 3. Nutrients and organic pollution of water - 4. Hazardous substances - 5. Water quantity.
Download or read book The EU Water Framework Directive written by and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Water supports life. It is a crucial resource for humanity, generating and sustaining economic and social prosperity. It is also at the core of natural ecosystems and climate regulation. The EU water framework directive (WFD), adopted in 2000, takes a pioneering approach to protecting water based on natural geographical formations: river basins. It sets out a precise timetable, with 2015 as the deadline for getting all European waters into good condition. Europe's water is under pressure. Economic activities, population growth and urbanisation are increasing pressures on freshwater throughout Europe. Unless stronger action is taken, 47% of EU surface waters will not have good ecological status by 2015. About 25% of groundwaters have poor chemical status due to human activities. The chemical status of 40% of surface waters is unknown, showing that monitoring is inadequate in many Member States. The 2012 blueprint to safeguard Europe's water resources identifies obstacles to better water management, offers concrete solutions and sets the EU's water policy agenda for years to come.
Download or read book Water Quality Assessments written by Deborah V Chapman and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 1996-08-22 with total page 658 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This guidebook, now thoroughly updated and revised in its second edition, gives comprehensive advice on the designing and setting up of monitoring programmes for the purpose of providing valid data for water quality assessments in all types of freshwater bodies. It is clearly and concisely written in order to provide the essential information for all agencies and individuals responsible for the water quality.
Download or read book Water and Agriculture written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report was initiated following the EEA's 2018 assessment of the status of and pressures on European waters, to highlight the role of agriculture in achieving an improved status of surface water and groundwater in future river basin management plans (EEA, 2018b; EC, 2019c). The EEA's 5-yearly state of the environment assessment further highlights the need for an increasingly systemic approach to overcome environmental challenges and to achieve sustainability. In this report we analyse how agricultural production affects water quality and quantity, and aquatic ecosystems, as well as the relevant policy interventions. With the aim of addressing how the water-agriculture-food system could be better managed, the assessment is organised around two guiding questions: How does the current system of managing agricultural pressures on water work? What is needed to improve environmental outcomes?
Download or read book Second Assessment of Transboundary Rivers Lakes and Groundwaters written by and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 448 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examines the quality and volume of all international rivers, lakes, wetlands, and groundwater in Europe, Central Asia, and the Caucasus. Also addresses related laws and policies.
