Download or read book Etiology and Diagnosis of Pierce s Disease of Grapevines written by Jaime Guillermo Auger and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Further Investigations of the Etiology of Pierce s Disease of Grapevines written by Bernardo A. Latorre-Guzman and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Further Investigations of the Etiology of Pierce s Disease of Grapevines written by Bernardo A. Guzman Latorre and published by . This book was released on 1975 with total page 222 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pierce s Disease written by Lucia G. Varela and published by UCANR Publications. This book was released on 2001 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication covers the symptoms of Pierce’s disease and offers strategies for management. Included is a description of Pierce’s disease incidence in the various grape growing regions of California; descriptions of the four major insect vectors that spread the disease causing bacterium Xylella fastidiosa; and the role that alternative host plants play as a reservoir of the bacteria. Also included is information on the pattern of spread in vineyards by the different vectors; how to monitor the vectors; and a description of management strategies you can use in your vineyard. Illustrated with 4 tables and 21 color photographs.
Download or read book Investigations on the Diagnosis Colonization and Epidemiology of Grapevines with Pierce s Disease written by Mandi Ann Vest and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pierce's disease (PD) of grapevines, caused by Xylella fastidiosa, is devastating Texas vineyards. Two rapid diagnostic techniques, real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), were compared on the basis of cost, reliability, and their ability to quantify X. fastidiosa in diseased tissues. A high correlation was found between the two techniques for measuring bacterial titer in vitro. A similar relationship was not detected when applying the methods to diseased tissue. There was a 75% similarity between the techniques when used to diagnose PD in artificially infected grapevines. Where the two methods differed, real-time PCR was more successful in identifying plants known to be infected with the bacterium. In uninoculated grapevines, the two techniques were similar, where the positive rates were 7% and 4% for ELISA and real-time PCR respectively. In a second study, 3 grape cultivars, 'Cynthiana', 'Cabernet Sauvignon', and 'Chardonnay', were inoculated with 2 isolates of X. fastidiosa to measure disease development and colonization by the pathogen. The bacteria colonized similar distances from the inoculation point over a 25 week period in all three cultivars. Real-time PCR and ELISA absorbance values suggest that the concentrations of bacteria ranged between 104 and 106 cells/ml in a 1.27 cm section of grapevine cane. Concentrations of bacteria didn't vary based on distance from the inoculation point. Marginal leaf-scorch symptoms were seen on 'Cabernet Sauvignon' and 'Chardonnay' grapevines 9 weeks post-inoculation. Leaf-scorch symptoms were not observed on 'Cynthiana'. The vigor of all inoculated grapevines was reduced compared to negative control grapevines the season after initial infection. In a third study, a Texas vineyard planted in Viognier grapevines was surveyed for PD symptoms on 3 separate dates. In October 2003, 45/50 rows had significant aggregation of symptomatic grapevines according to Ordinary Runs Analysis. Aggregation of symptomatic grapevines was found down the row more often than across the row. The rapid rate of disease progress and mortality rate of vines in this vineyard suggest that vine-to-vine spread is occurring and that Viognier vines are highly susceptibly to PD.
Download or read book Graft transmissible Diseases of Grapevines written by International Council for the Study of Viruses and Virus Diseases of the Grapevine and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 1993 with total page 284 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pierce s Disease of Grapevines written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 4 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pierce s Disease of the Grapevine the Anaheim Disease and the California Vine Disease written by M. W. Gardner and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 238 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Development of New Tools for Field and Laboratory Diagnosis of Pierce s Disease written by Kelly Asbill Bryan and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pierce's Disease (PD), caused by Xylella fastidiosa, is a devastating bacterial disease of grapevines. One of the few control options is roguing. Roguing depends on precise diagnosis of PD in vines. These experiments were conducted to improve available diagnostic protocols and enhance levels of disease control. Plots were selected from four different Texas vineyards with a total of four different varieties (Blanc duBois, Cabernet Sauvignon, Chardonnay, and Merlot). An infrared thermometer was used to take temperature measurements of the vines. Samples were taken of each of these vines at the same time and were tested for X. fastidiosa by culturing, Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA), and Quantitative Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction (QRT-PCR). ELISA found an increase in plant temperature in samples that tested positive for X. fastidiosa, but QRT-PCR did not. An infrared thermometer could be used to detect asymptomatic vines, but there are several variables to consider such as grape variety and vineyard location. Grape varieties differed significantly in mean temperatures, as did vineyard locations. PD does not seem to have a pattern in which it spreads, although this could be because of the high level of disease incidence in the chosen vineyards. Both the ELISA and QRT-PCR tests have their own pros and cons for X. fastidiosa detection. ELISA takes approximately 6 hours and can be inaccurate in detecting X. fastidiosa. QRT-PCR takes 2-3 hours and is a much more sensitive test. A combination of techniques (PrepMan Ultra(R) and nucleic acid precipitation) can be used to clean QRTPCR samples when they have degraded and are being affected by inhibitors.
Download or read book California Agricultural Research Priorities written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-11-28 with total page 177 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The glassy-winged sharpshooter is one of the more recent invasive pests to afflict California agriculture. The insect transmits a bacterial pathogen that causes Pierce's disease, which has impaired production of wine, table, and raisin grapes in California. The report recommends strengthening the process and the priorities for research funded by state agencies and wine industry groups to address Pierce's disease and its vector. Research should be focused on identifying feasible options for controlling the spread of the disease and providing sustainable approaches that are adaptable and affordable over the long term. Several avenues of research be pursued more intensely including the genetic makeup of the pathogen that triggers Pierce's disease, understanding the mechanisms that make grapes resistant to the disease, the possibilities of introducing predator enemies to the sharpshooter, and new ways to manage the planting of crops to help avoid spread of the disease.
Download or read book Pierce s Disease of Grapevines Classic Reprint written by William Boright Hewitt and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-11-19 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Pierce's Disease of Grapevines In addition to the studies reported by these two men, there were others' who made observations and some who conducted experimental work on the nature of this disease. Both Pierce and Dowlen came to similar conclusions: that the disease which caused the death of the vines in southern California was due to some very obscure disease-producing agent that in their opinion was not either bacterial or fungus but was, nevertheless, contagious and spread through the vineyards. They fur ther concluded from their studies that the disease was not associated with any soil types or cultural and irrigation practices. Losses in vineyards of southern California began to decline about 1895, and by this time young plantings near the margins of the diseased areas were developing with the loss of only a few vines each season. After 1900 the disease became obscure or passed unnoticed and very little is known of its occurrence until the recent outbreak of Pierce's disease in the San Joaquin Valley, except that vines of vinifera grape varieties have been notoriously very short-lived in many of the southern California districts. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Pierce s Disease written by Richard Kalin Tracy and published by . This book was released on 1977 with total page 170 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Pierce s Disease of Grapevines written by William Boright Hewitt and published by . This book was released on 1942 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Areawide Pest Management written by Opender Koul and published by CABI. This book was released on 2008 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pest management has long been a problem for farmers worldwide and new techniques are continually being developed to reduce the adverse effects of pest populations. The use of areawide pest management has increased dramatically over the past decade and offers potential advantages to traditional and more localized approaches. Suppression over a broad area can reduce re-infestation of previously treated areas and the specific pest management techniques may be more effective when applied over larger areas. Providing the first comprehensive discussion of areawide pest management, this book will explore the theoretical development and implementation of techniques from a worldwide perspective. Areas covered include history and development, biological and ecological impacts and recent case studies of pest management programmes.
Download or read book Grapevine Viruses Molecular Biology Diagnostics and Management written by Baozhong Meng and published by Springer. This book was released on 2017-07-05 with total page 688 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The domestication of grapes dates back five thousand years ago and has spread to nearly all continents. In recent years, grape acreage has increased dramatically in new regions, including the United States of America, Chile, Asia (China and India), and Turkey. A major limiting factor to the sustained production of premium grapes and wines is infections by viruses. The advent of powerful molecular and metagenomics technologies, such as molecular cloning and next generation sequencing, allowed the discovery of new viruses from grapes. To date, grapevine is susceptible to 64 viruses that belong to highly diverse taxonomic groups. The most damaging diseases include: (1) infectious degeneration; (2) leafroll disease complex; and (3) rugose wood complex. Recently, two new disease syndromes have been recognized: Syrah decline and red blotch. Losses due to fanleaf degeneration are estimated at $1 billion annually in France alone. Other diseases including leafroll, rugose wood, Syrah de cline and red blotch can result in total crop loss several years post-infection. This situation is further exacerbated by mixed infections with multiple viruses and other biotic as well as adverse abiotic environmental conditions, such as drought and winter damage, causing even greater destruction. The book builds upon the last handbook (written over twenty years ago) on the part of diagnostics and extensively expands its scope by inclusion of molecular biology aspects of select viruses that are widespread and economically most important. This includes most current information on the biology, transmission, genome replication, transcription, subcellular localization, as well as virus-host interactions. It also touches on several novel areas of scientific inquiry. It also contains suggested directions for future research in the field of grapevine virology.
Download or read book The Science of Grapevines written by Markus Keller and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2015-01-19 with total page 522 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Science of Grapevines: Anatomy and Physiology is an introduction to the physical structure of the grapevine, its various organs, their functions and their interactions with the environment. Beginning with a brief overview of the botanical classification (including an introduction to the concepts of species, cultivars, clones, and rootstocks), plant morphology and anatomy, and growth cycles of grapevines, The Science of Grapevines covers the basic concepts in growth and development, water relations, photosynthesis and respiration, mineral uptake and utilization, and carbon partitioning. These concepts are put to use to understand plant-environment interactions including canopy dynamics, yield formation, and fruit composition, and concludes with an introduction to stress physiology, including water stress (drought and flooding), nutrient deficiency and excess, extreme temperatures (heat and cold), and the impact and response to of other organisms. Based on the author’s years of teaching grapevine anatomy as well as his research experience with grapevines and practical experience growing grapes, this book provides an important guide to understanding the entire plant. Chapter 7 broken into two chapters, now "Environmental Constraints and Stress Physiology and Chapter 8 "Living with Other Organisms" to better reflect specific concepts Integration of new research results including: Latest research on implementing drip irrigation to maximize sugar accumulation within grapes Effect of drought stress on grapevine’s hydraulic system and options for optimum plant maintenance in drought conditions The recently discovered plant hormone – strigolactones – and their contribution of apical dominance that has suddenly outdated dogma on apical dominance control Chapter summaries added Key literature references missed in the first edition as well as references to research completed since the 1e publication will be added
Download or read book Grape Pest Management Third Edition written by LARRY J. BETTIGA and published by UCANR Publications. This book was released on 2013-11-15 with total page 625 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the much anticipated 3rd edition of Grape Pest Management, more than 70 research scientists, cooperative extension advisors and specialists, growers, and pest control advisers have consolidated the latest scientific studies and research into one handy reference. The result is a comprehensive, easy-to-read pest management tool. The new edition, the first in over a decade, includes several new invasive species that are now major pests. It also reflects an improved understanding among researchers, farmers, and growers about the biology of pests. With nine expansive chapters, helpful, colorful photos throughout, here’s more of what you’ll find: •Diagnostic techniques for identifying vineyard problems •Detailed descriptions of more than a dozen diseases •Comprehensive, illustrated listings of insect and mite pests,including the recently emerging glassy winged sharpshooter and Virginia creeper leaf-hopper •Regional calendars of events for viticultural management •Up-to-date strategies for vegetation management
