Download or read book Assessing Genetic Risks written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1994-01-01 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Raising hopes for disease treatment and prevention, but also the specter of discrimination and "designer genes," genetic testing is potentially one of the most socially explosive developments of our time. This book presents a current assessment of this rapidly evolving field, offering principles for actions and research and recommendations on key issues in genetic testing and screening. Advantages of early genetic knowledge are balanced with issues associated with such knowledge: availability of treatment, privacy and discrimination, personal decision-making, public health objectives, cost, and more. Among the important issues covered: Quality control in genetic testing. Appropriate roles for public agencies, private health practitioners, and laboratories. Value-neutral education and counseling for persons considering testing. Use of test results in insurance, employment, and other settings.

Download or read book Discrimination Testing in Sensory Evaluation written by Lauren Rogers and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2024-08-09 with total page 372 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discrimination Testing in Sensory Evaluation Provides a complete and unified approach to discrimination testing in sensory evaluation Sensory evaluation has evolved from simple "taste testing" to a distinct scientific discipline. Today, the application of sensory evaluation has grown beyond the food industry—it is a sophisticated decision-making tool used by marketing, research and development, and assurance in industries such as personal care, household care, cosmetics, fragrances, automobile manufacturing, and many others. Sensory evaluation is now a critical component in determining and understanding consumer acceptance and behavior. Discrimination Testing in Sensory Evaluation provides insights into the application of sensory evaluation throughout the entire product life cycle, from development to marketing. Filled with practical information and step-by-step guidance, this unique reference is designed to help users apply paired comparison tests, duo-trio tests, triangle tests, similarity tests, and various other discrimination tests in a broad range of product applications. Comprehensive chapters written by leading experts provide up-to-date coverage of traditional and cutting-edge techniques and applications in the field. Addresses the theoretical, methodological, and practical aspects of discrimination testing Covers a broad range of products and all of the senses Describes basic and more complex discrimination techniques Discusses the real-world application of discrimination testing in sensory evaluation Explains different models in discrimination testing, such as signal detection theory and Thurstonian modelling Features detailed case studies for various tests such as A- not AR, 2-AFC, and Ranking among others to enable practitioners to perform each technique Discrimination Testing in Sensory Evaluation is an indispensable reference and guide for sensory scientists, in academia and industry, as well as professionals working in R&D, quality assurance and control, and marketing. It is also an excellent textbook for university courses and industry vocational programs in Sensory Science.

Download or read book Testing the Knowledge of Right and Wrong written by Hugh Hartshorne and published by . This book was released on 1927 with total page 88 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Legal and Ethical Handbook for Ending Discrimination in the Workplace written by David A. Robinson and published by Paulist Press. This book was released on 2003 with total page 116 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: David Robinson has written a practical, concise, no-nonsense guide to ending discrimination in the workplace. Aimed at employers, but sure to be of interest to anyone employed, this book book explains how to run a productive, disciplined workforce without violating discrimination laws. It teaches not only the law, but also how religious/spiritual principles can act as a guide to greater business success and fewer legal problems. The book also offers tips for employers on how to avoid becoming victims of discrimination and how to know when they are, and are not, victims of discrimination.

Download or read book Measuring Racial Discrimination written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2004-07-24 with total page 335 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Many racial and ethnic groups in the United States, including blacks, Hispanics, Asians, American Indians, and others, have historically faced severe discriminationâ€"pervasive and open denial of civil, social, political, educational, and economic opportunities. Today, large differences among racial and ethnic groups continue to exist in employment, income and wealth, housing, education, criminal justice, health, and other areas. While many factors may contribute to such differences, their size and extent suggest that various forms of discriminatory treatment persist in U.S. society and serve to undercut the achievement of equal opportunity. Measuring Racial Discrimination considers the definition of race and racial discrimination, reviews the existing techniques used to measure racial discrimination, and identifies new tools and areas for future research. The book conducts a thorough evaluation of current methodologies for a wide range of circumstances in which racial discrimination may occur, and makes recommendations on how to better assess the presence and effects of discrimination.

Download or read book Code of Ethics for Nurses with Interpretive Statements written by American Nurses Association and published by Nursesbooks.org. This book was released on 2001 with total page 42 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Pamphlet is a succinct statement of the ethical obligations and duties of individuals who enter the nursing profession, the profession's nonnegotiable ethical standard, and an expression of nursing's own understanding of its commitment to society. Provides a framework for nurses to use in ethical analysis and decision-making.

Download or read book Unequal Treatment written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2009-02-06 with total page 781 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Racial and ethnic disparities in health care are known to reflect access to care and other issues that arise from differing socioeconomic conditions. There is, however, increasing evidence that even after such differences are accounted for, race and ethnicity remain significant predictors of the quality of health care received. In Unequal Treatment, a panel of experts documents this evidence and explores how persons of color experience the health care environment. The book examines how disparities in treatment may arise in health care systems and looks at aspects of the clinical encounter that may contribute to such disparities. Patients' and providers' attitudes, expectations, and behavior are analyzed. How to intervene? Unequal Treatment offers recommendations for improvements in medical care financing, allocation of care, availability of language translation, community-based care, and other arenas. The committee highlights the potential of cross-cultural education to improve provider-patient communication and offers a detailed look at how to integrate cross-cultural learning within the health professions. The book concludes with recommendations for data collection and research initiatives. Unequal Treatment will be vitally important to health care policymakers, administrators, providers, educators, and students as well as advocates for people of color.

Download or read book Discrimination Testing in Sensory Science written by Lauren Rogers and published by Woodhead Publishing. This book was released on 2017-09-29 with total page 520 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Discrimination Testing in Sensory Science: A Practical Handbook is a one-stop-shop for practical advice and guidance on the performance and analysis of discrimination testing in sensory science. The book covers all aspects of difference testing: the history and origin of different methods, the practicalities of setting up a difference test, replications, the statistics behind each test, dealing with the analysis, action standards, and the statistical analysis of results with R. The book is written by sensory science experts from both academia and industry, and edited by an independent sensory scientist with over twenty years of experience in planning, running and analyzing discrimination tests. This is an essential text for academics in sensory and consumer science and any sensory scientist working in research and development in food, home, and personal care products, new product development, or quality control. - Contains practical guidance on the performance and analysis of discrimination testing in sensory and consumer science for both food and non-food products - Includes the latest developments in difference testing, including both new methods and state-of-the-art approaches - Features extensive coverage of analysis with a variety of software systems - Provides essential insight for academics in sensory and consumer science and any sensory scientist working in research and development in food, home, and personal care products, new product development, or quality control

Download or read book The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Discrimination written by Kasper Lippert-Rasmussen and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-08-23 with total page 1020 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While it has many connections to other topics in normative and applied ethics, discrimination is a central subject in philosophy in its own right. It plays a significant role in relation to many real-life complaints about unjust treatment or unjust inequalities, and it raises a number of questions in political and moral philosophy, and in legal theory. Some of these questions include: what distinguishes the concept of discrimination from the concept of differential treatment? What distinguishes direct from indirect discrimination? Is discrimination always morally wrong? What makes discrimination wrong? How should we eliminate the effects of discrimination? By covering a wide range of topics, and by doing so in a way that does not assume prior acquaintance, this handbook enables the reader to get to grips with the omnipresent issue. The Routledge Handbook of the Ethics of Discrimination is an outstanding reference source to this exciting subject and the first collection of its kind. Comprising over thirty chapters by a team of international contributors the handbook is divided into six main parts: • conceptual issues • the wrongness of discrimination • groups of ‘discriminatees’ • sites of discrimination • causes and means • history of discrimination. Essential reading for students and researchers in applied ethics and political philosophy the handbook will also be very useful for those in related fields, such as law, sociology and politics.

Download or read book Testing Intelligence and Achievement written by Albert Julius Levine and published by . This book was released on 1928 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks written by Rebecca Skloot and published by Crown. This book was released on 2010-02-02 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: #1 NEW YORK TIMES BESTSELLER • “The story of modern medicine and bioethics—and, indeed, race relations—is refracted beautifully, and movingly.”—Entertainment Weekly NOW A MAJOR MOTION PICTURE FROM HBO® STARRING OPRAH WINFREY AND ROSE BYRNE • ONE OF THE “MOST INFLUENTIAL” (CNN), “DEFINING” (LITHUB), AND “BEST” (THE PHILADELPHIA INQUIRER) BOOKS OF THE DECADE • ONE OF ESSENCE’S 50 MOST IMPACTFUL BLACK BOOKS OF THE PAST 50 YEARS • WINNER OF THE CHICAGO TRIBUNE HEARTLAND PRIZE FOR NONFICTION NAMED ONE OF THE BEST BOOKS OF THE YEAR BY The New York Times Book Review • Entertainment Weekly • O: The Oprah Magazine • NPR • Financial Times • New York • Independent (U.K.) • Times (U.K.) • Publishers Weekly • Library Journal • Kirkus Reviews • Booklist • Globe and Mail Her name was Henrietta Lacks, but scientists know her as HeLa. She was a poor Southern tobacco farmer who worked the same land as her slave ancestors, yet her cells—taken without her knowledge—became one of the most important tools in medicine: The first “immortal” human cells grown in culture, which are still alive today, though she has been dead for more than sixty years. HeLa cells were vital for developing the polio vaccine; uncovered secrets of cancer, viruses, and the atom bomb’s effects; helped lead to important advances like in vitro fertilization, cloning, and gene mapping; and have been bought and sold by the billions. Yet Henrietta Lacks remains virtually unknown, buried in an unmarked grave. Henrietta’s family did not learn of her “immortality” until more than twenty years after her death, when scientists investigating HeLa began using her husband and children in research without informed consent. And though the cells had launched a multimillion-dollar industry that sells human biological materials, her family never saw any of the profits. As Rebecca Skloot so brilliantly shows, the story of the Lacks family—past and present—is inextricably connected to the dark history of experimentation on African Americans, the birth of bioethics, and the legal battles over whether we control the stuff we are made of. Over the decade it took to uncover this story, Rebecca became enmeshed in the lives of the Lacks family—especially Henrietta’s daughter Deborah. Deborah was consumed with questions: Had scientists cloned her mother? Had they killed her to harvest her cells? And if her mother was so important to medicine, why couldn’t her children afford health insurance? Intimate in feeling, astonishing in scope, and impossible to put down, The Immortal Life of Henrietta Lacks captures the beauty and drama of scientific discovery, as well as its human consequences.

Download or read book The Economics of Discrimination written by Gary S. Becker and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2010-08-15 with total page 178 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This second edition of Gary S. Becker's The Economics of Discrimination has been expanded to include three further discussions of the problem and an entirely new introduction which considers the contributions made by others in recent years and some of the more important problems remaining. Mr. Becker's work confronts the economic effects of discrimination in the market place because of race, religion, sex, color, social class, personality, or other non-pecuniary considerations. He demonstrates that discrimination in the market place by any group reduces their own real incomes as well as those of the minority. The original edition of The Economics of Discrimination was warmly received by economists, sociologists, and psychologists alike for focusing the discerning eye of economic analysis upon a vital social problem—discrimination in the market place. "This is an unusual book; not only is it filled with ingenious theorizing but the implications of the theory are boldly confronted with facts. . . . The intimate relation of the theory and observation has resulted in a book of great vitality on a subject whose interest and importance are obvious."—M.W. Reder, American Economic Review "The author's solution to the problem of measuring the motive behind actual discrimination is something of a tour de force. . . . Sociologists in the field of race relations will wish to read this book."—Karl Schuessler, American Sociological Review

Download or read book Ethics in Artificial Intelligence Bias Fairness and Beyond written by Animesh Mukherjee and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2024-01-30 with total page 150 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a collection of chapters in the newly developing area of ethics in artificial intelligence. The book comprises chapters written by leading experts in this area which makes it a one of its kind collections. Some key features of the book are its unique combination of chapters on both theoretical and practical aspects of integrating ethics into artificial intelligence. The book touches upon all the important concepts in this area including bias, discrimination, fairness, and interpretability. Integral components can be broadly divided into two segments – the first segment includes empirical identification of biases, discrimination, and the ethical concerns thereof in impact assessment, advertising and personalization, computational social science, and information retrieval. The second segment includes operationalizing the notions of fairness, identifying the importance of fairness in allocation, clustering and time series problems, and applications of fairness in software testing/debugging and in multi stakeholder platforms. This segment ends with a chapter on interpretability of machine learning models which is another very important and emerging topic in this area.

Download or read book A Comparative Study of the Intelligence of Delinquent Girls written by Augusta Fox Bronner and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 114 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-09-03 with total page 171 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Estimates indicate that as many as 1 in 4 Americans will experience a mental health problem or will misuse alcohol or drugs in their lifetimes. These disorders are among the most highly stigmatized health conditions in the United States, and they remain barriers to full participation in society in areas as basic as education, housing, and employment. Improving the lives of people with mental health and substance abuse disorders has been a priority in the United States for more than 50 years. The Community Mental Health Act of 1963 is considered a major turning point in America's efforts to improve behavioral healthcare. It ushered in an era of optimism and hope and laid the groundwork for the consumer movement and new models of recovery. The consumer movement gave voice to people with mental and substance use disorders and brought their perspectives and experience into national discussions about mental health. However over the same 50-year period, positive change in American public attitudes and beliefs about mental and substance use disorders has lagged behind these advances. Stigma is a complex social phenomenon based on a relationship between an attribute and a stereotype that assigns undesirable labels, qualities, and behaviors to a person with that attribute. Labeled individuals are then socially devalued, which leads to inequality and discrimination. This report contributes to national efforts to understand and change attitudes, beliefs and behaviors that can lead to stigma and discrimination. Changing stigma in a lasting way will require coordinated efforts, which are based on the best possible evidence, supported at the national level with multiyear funding, and planned and implemented by an effective coalition of representative stakeholders. Ending Discrimination Against People with Mental and Substance Use Disorders: The Evidence for Stigma Change explores stigma and discrimination faced by individuals with mental or substance use disorders and recommends effective strategies for reducing stigma and encouraging people to seek treatment and other supportive services. It offers a set of conclusions and recommendations about successful stigma change strategies and the research needed to inform and evaluate these efforts in the United States.

Download or read book The Journal of Delinquency written by and published by . This book was released on 1922 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mental Tests Their History Principles and Applications written by Frank Nugent Freeman and published by . This book was released on 1926 with total page 524 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this book, the author has shown how the mental test idea was evolved out of the laboratory study of individual differences by psychologists, how the individual and then the group intelligence tests were developed, the application of statistical methods to the interpretation of the results, the creation of the different types of scales, the extension of the mental test idea in new directions, the technique and theory of the tests, the uses of the different types of mental tests, and their reliability, and has closed his treatment with two chapters on the interpretation of what the tests really measure and the nature of intelligence itself. The work of hundreds of individual investigators has been organized into a systematic treatise, and the place and work of each have been given their proper setting as parts of a great movement. The volume is accordingly offered to teachers of college and university classes in Mental Tests with confidence that it will prove as useful in this field as the texts now in use have done in the field of educational tests. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2005 APA, all rights reserved).