Download or read book Ethical Codes and Income Distribution written by Guglielmo Forges Davanzati and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2006-04-18 with total page 161 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In contemporary non-mainstream economic debate, it is widely thought that the functioning of a market economy needs a set of rules (i.e. institutions) which bind agents in their behaviour, allowing efficient outcomes. This idea is contrary to the General Equilibrium Model (GEM) where markets are pictured as working in an institutional vacuum and where social and historical variables play no role. However, in more recent times, a large group of economists have begun to insert social and moral variables into standard models based on the rational choice paradigm, following the increasing interest – on the part of firms – in the possible positive effects of adopting ethical codes. In this key new text Guglielmo Davanzati studies this burgeoning view that ethics and economics can be compatible. Does ‘morality’ affect income distribution? And, if so, what are the effects of the widespread adoption of ethical codes on the functioning of the labour market? Central to Davanzati’s efforts is the thesis that the roots of these new developments can be traced back to the pioneering work of Thorstein Veblen and John Bates Clark. Utilizing their contrasting works, Davanzati’s text illuminates the propagation of ethical codes within the two opposing frameworks i.e. the neoclassical and the institutional. Davanzati’s important book will be an invaluable reference for readers interested in history of economic thought, economics and moral philosophy.
Download or read book The Solidarity Solution written by Kristi A. Olson and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-10-15 with total page 288 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Kristi A. Olson asks: What is a fair income distribution? She rejects equal income shares: equal pay undercompensates workers in dangerous and onerous jobs. The envy test, which takes both income and work into account, fares better. Yet, a distribution in which no one prefers someone else's circumstances to her own-as the envy test requires-is unlikely to exist, and even when it does exist, the normative connection between envy and fairness has not been established. After critiquing existing answers, Olson invokes the idea of mutual justifiability: when someone claims that her situation should be improved at someone else's expense, she must be able to give a reason that cannot be reasonably rejected by a free and equal individual who regards everyone else as the same. To give the answer bite, Olson distinguishes two types of envy. Reasons based on personal envy can be reasonably rejected; reasons based on impersonal envy cannot. Olson then tests the solidarity solution against the theories of Ronald Dworkin, Philippe Van Parijs, and Marc Fleurbaey and applies it directly to the concrete issues of the gender wage gap and taxation. By providing a new approach to problems of fair resource allocation, The Solidarity Solution establishes philosophical discussion as critical to today's fight to end economic injustice.
Download or read book The Ethics of Redistribution written by Baron Bertrand de Jouvenel and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-01-14 with total page 112 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ethics of Redistribution was originally delivered as a Boutwood Lecture at Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, in the autumn of 1949. The Baron Bertrand de Jouvenel was then an already internationally regarded philosopher whose learned style was a calculated blend of moral. historical and political considerations. In this essay, split between discussions of the socialist ideal and state expenditure, he presents the fraught economic, societal and ethical implications attendant upon the question of income redistribution.
Download or read book The Belmont Report written by United States. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research and published by . This book was released on 1978 with total page 614 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Communities in Action written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2017-04-27 with total page 583 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, some populations suffer from far greater disparities in health than others. Those disparities are caused not only by fundamental differences in health status across segments of the population, but also because of inequities in factors that impact health status, so-called determinants of health. Only part of an individual's health status depends on his or her behavior and choice; community-wide problems like poverty, unemployment, poor education, inadequate housing, poor public transportation, interpersonal violence, and decaying neighborhoods also contribute to health inequities, as well as the historic and ongoing interplay of structures, policies, and norms that shape lives. When these factors are not optimal in a community, it does not mean they are intractable: such inequities can be mitigated by social policies that can shape health in powerful ways. Communities in Action: Pathways to Health Equity seeks to delineate the causes of and the solutions to health inequities in the United States. This report focuses on what communities can do to promote health equity, what actions are needed by the many and varied stakeholders that are part of communities or support them, as well as the root causes and structural barriers that need to be overcome.
Download or read book For Profit Enterprise in Health Care written by Institute of Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 1986-01-01 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "[This book is] the most authoritative assessment of the advantages and disadvantages of recent trends toward the commercialization of health care," says Robert Pear of The New York Times. This major study by the Institute of Medicine examines virtually all aspects of for-profit health care in the United States, including the quality and availability of health care, the cost of medical care, access to financial capital, implications for education and research, and the fiduciary role of the physician. In addition to the report, the book contains 15 papers by experts in the field of for-profit health care covering a broad range of topicsâ€"from trends in the growth of major investor-owned hospital companies to the ethical issues in for-profit health care. "The report makes a lasting contribution to the health policy literature." â€"Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law.
Download or read book Encyclopedia of Ethical Failure written by Department of Defense and published by . This book was released on 2009-12-31 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Standards of Conduct Office of the Department of Defense General Counsel's Office has assembled an "encyclopedia" of cases of ethical failure for use as a training tool. These are real examples of Federal employees who have intentionally or unwittingly violated standards of conduct. Some cases are humorous, some sad, and all are real. Some will anger you as a Federal employee and some will anger you as an American taxpayer. Note the multiple jail and probation sentences, fines, employment terminations and other sanctions that were taken as a result of these ethical failures. Violations of many ethical standards involve criminal statutes. This updated (end of 2009) edition is organized by type of violations, including conflicts of interest, misuse of Government equipment, violations of post-employment restrictions, and travel.
Download or read book Ethics and Taxation written by Robert F. van Brederode and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2019-11-02 with total page 419 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book does not present a single philosophical approach to taxation and ethics, but instead demonstrates the divergence in opinions and approaches using a framework consisting of three broad categories: tax policy and design of tax law; ethical standards for tax advisors and taxpayers; and tax law enforcement. In turn, the book addresses a number of moral questions in connection with taxes, concerning such topics as: • the nature of government • the relation between government (the state) and its subjects or citizens • the moral justification of taxes• the link between property and taxation• tax planning, evasion and avoidance • corporate social responsibility• the use of coercive power in collecting taxes and enforcing tax laws • ethical standards for tax advisors • tax payer rights • the balance between individual rights to liberty and privacy, and government compliance and information requirements • the moral justification underlying the efforts of legislators and policymakers to restructure society and steer individual and corporate behavior.
Download or read book Economics as Applied Ethics written by Wilfred Beckerman and published by Palgrave. This book was released on 2010-12-09 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The focus of this textbook is on the link between ethics and economic policy analysis. Basic philosophical concepts are systematically described, followed by conventional welfare economic theory and policy, and applications to some topical economic problems such as income distribution and sustainable development.
Download or read book Estates Taxes and Professional Ethics written by International Academy of Estate and Trust Law. Conference and published by Kluwer Law International B.V.. This book was released on 2003-01-01 with total page 246 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Part 1. Trusts and taxes Italian style. Introduction: Trusts--some observations from a civil law perspective / Maurizio Lupoi ; Trusts and company law--the Italian experience / Edoardo Andreoli ; Trusts and income taxes in Italy / Guglielmo Maisto ; Analysis of indirect taxation on transfers of trust property in Italy / Paolo Gaeta -- pt. 2. Death and gift taxes, including cross-border issues. Introduction: Overview and comparative reflections / Ian V. Gzell ; Special considerations in US-Canada estate planning / Wolfe D. Goodman ; Inheritance and gift taxes--France / Laurent G. Chambaz ; Death and gift taxes : a view from Switzerland / Richard F.G. Pease ; Death and gift taxes--United States / Erik J. Stapper -- pt. 3. Debate: Should Utopia introduce an inheritance tax? Introduction: To tax or not to tax : that was the debate / Barbara R. Hauser ; Estate tax : an argument in favor of working toward equality, justice and common sense through a system of estate taxation / Joseph Kartiganer and Michael Sedlaczek ; Death taxes : unfair and inefficient / Timothy G. Youdan ; Death taxes for Utopia? : a case in the negative / Jürgen Killius -- pt. 4. Ethical issues in estate planning. Introduction / Bruce S. Ross ; Ethical guidelines for the estates and trusts lawyer : the ACTEC commentaries on the Model Rules of Professional Conduct and notes on ethics 2000 / Bruce S. Ross ; Conflict of interest and professional obligations in estate and trust law : an English perspective / Michael Jacobs ; Conflict of interest and professional obligations in probate actions in Germany / Andreas Frieser ; Rules of conduct for estate planners and ethical issues in estate planning in The Netherlands / Hendrik M. Sasse.
Download or read book Nursing Ethics Feminist Perspectives written by Helen Kohlen and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-11-09 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The aim of this book is to show how feminist perspectives can extend and advance the field of nursing ethics. It engages in the broader nursing ethics project of critiquing existing ethical frameworks as well as constructing and developing alternative understandings, concepts, and methodologies. All of the contributors draw attention to the operations of power inherent in moral relationships at individual, institutional, cultural, and socio-political levels. The early essays chart the development of feminist perspectives in the field of nursing ethics from the late 19th century to the present day and consider the impact of gender roles and gendered understandings on the moral lives of nurses, patients and families. They also consider the transformative potential of feminist perspectives to widen the scope of nursing and midwifery practices to include the social, economic, cultural and political dimensions of moral decision-making in health care settings. The second half of the book draws on feminist insights to critically discuss the role of nurses and midwives in leadership, healthcare organisations, and research as well as the provision of particular forms of care e.g. care in the home and abortion care.
Download or read book The Code for Global Ethics written by Rodrigue Tremblay and published by Prometheus Books. This book was released on 2010-12 with total page 300 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Humanists have long contended that morality is a strictly human concern and should be independent of religious creeds and dogma. This principle was clearly articulated in the two Humanist Manifestos issued in the mid-twentieth century and in Humanist Manifesto 2000, which appeared at the beginning of the twenty-first century. Now this code for global ethics further elaborates ten humanist principles designed for a world community that is growing ever closer together. In the face of the obvious challenges to international stability-from nuclear proliferation, environmental degradation, economic turmoil, and reactionary and sometimes violent religious movements-a code based on the "natural dignity and inherent worth of all human beings" is needed more than ever. In separate chapters the author delves into the issues surrounding these ten humanist principles: preserving individual dignity and equality, respecting life and property, tolerance, sharing, preventing domination of others, eliminating superstition, conserving the natural environment, resolving differences cooperatively without resort to violence or war, political and economic democracy, and providing for universal education. This forward-looking, optimistic, and eminently reasonable discussion of humanist ideals makes an important contribution to laying the foundations for a just and peaceable global community.
Download or read book Developing Business Ethics in China written by X. Lu and published by Springer. This book was released on 2006-04-11 with total page 296 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Twenty-seven international scholars and business leaders analyse the challenges facing business ethics in China: the role of different ethical traditions, the creation of ethical corporate cultures, corruption and the lack of confidence, consumption patterns and income distribution, globalization, WTO and information technology, to name a few.
Download or read book Managing Business Ethics written by Mel Fugate and published by SAGE Publications. This book was released on 2024-05-31 with total page 447 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Formerly published by Chicago Business Press, now published by Sage Using an applied and practical approach, Managing Business Ethics: And Your Career focuses on the implications of business ethics on students’ careers and the organizations where they will work. Author Mel Fugate′s conversational tone makes his coverage of concise philosophical and historical foundations of ethics, influential research, and real-world examples approachable for classroom discussion.
Download or read book Business Ethics written by Joseph W. Weiss and published by Berrett-Koehler Publishers. This book was released on 2014-07-14 with total page 451 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: NEW EDITION, REVISED AND UPDATED This is a pragmatic, hands-on, up-to-date guide to determining right and wrong in the business world. Joseph Weiss integrates a stakeholder perspective with an issues-oriented approach so students look at how a business's actions affect not just share price and profit but the well-being of employees, customers, suppliers, the local community, the larger society, other nations, and the environment. Weiss uses a wealth of contemporary examples, including twenty-three customized cases that immerse students directly in recent business ethics dilemmas and ask them to consider how they would resolve them. The recent economic collapse raised ethical issues that have yet to be resolved—there could not be a better time for a fully updated edition of Weiss's classic, accessible blend of theory and practice. New to the Sixth Edition! New Cases! Fourteen of the twenty-three cases in this book are brand new to this edition. They touch on issues such as cyberbullying, fracking, neuromarketing, and for-profit education and involve institutions like Goldman Sachs, Google, Kaiser Permanente, Walmart, Ford, and Facebook. Updated Throughout! The text has been updated with the latest research, including new national ethics survey data, perspectives on generational differences, and global and international issues. Each chapter includes recent business press stories touching on ethical issues. New Feature! Several chapters now feature a unique Point/Counterpoint exercise that challenges students to argue both sides of a contemporary issue, such as too-big-to-fail institutions, the Boston bomber Rolling Stone cover, student loan debt, online file sharing, and questions raised by social media.
Download or read book The Central Liberal Truth written by Lawrence E. Harrison and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2006-05-01 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Which cultural values, beliefs, and attitudes best promote democracy, social justice, and prosperity? How can we use the forces that shape cultural change, such as religion, education, and political leadership, to promote these values in the Third World--and for underachieving minorities in the First World? In this book, Lawrence E. Harrison offers intriguing answers to these questions, in a valuable follow-up to his acclaimed Culture Matters. Drawing on a three-year research project that explored the cultural values of dozens of nations--from Botswana, Sweden, and India to China, Egypt, and Chile--Harrison offers a provocative look at values around the globe, revealing how each nation's culture has propelled or retarded their political and economic progress. The book presents 25 factors that operate very differently in cultures prone to progress and those that resist it, including one's influence over destiny, the importance attached to education, the extent to which people identify with and trust others, and the role of women in society. Harrison pulls no punches, and many of his findings are controversial. Contradicting the arguments of multiculturalists, this book contends that when it comes to promoting human progress, some cultures are clearly more effective than others. It convincingly shows which values, beliefs, and attitudes work and how we can foster them. "Harrison takes up the question that is at the center of politics today: Can we self-consciously change cultures so they encourage development and modernization?" --David Brooks, New York Times "I can think of no better entrance to the topic, both for what it teaches and the way it invites and prepares the reader to continue. A gateway study." --David S. Landes, author of The Wealth and Poverty of Nations
Download or read book Fair Shot written by Chris Hughes and published by St. Martin's Press. This book was released on 2018-02-20 with total page 226 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "...deeply felt and cogently argued...Hughes makes a powerful case that deserves a respectful hearing." —The Financial Times Facebook co-founder Chris Hughes argues that the best way to fight income inequality is with a radically simple idea: a guaranteed income for working people, paid for by the one percent. The first half of Chris Hughes’s life played like a movie reel right out of the “American Dream.” He grew up in a small town in North Carolina. His parents were people of modest means, but he was accepted into an elite boarding school and then Harvard, both on scholarship. There, he met Mark Zuckerberg and Dustin Moskovitz and became one of the co-founders of Facebook. In telling his story, Hughes demonstrates the powerful role fortune and luck play in today’s economy. Through the rocket ship rise of Facebook, Hughes came to understand how a select few can become ultra-wealthy nearly overnight. He believes the same forces that made Facebook possible have made it harder for everyone else in America to make ends meet. To help people who are struggling, Hughes proposes a simple, bold solution: a guaranteed income for working people, including unpaid caregivers and students, paid for by the one percent. The way Hughes sees it, a guaranteed income is the most powerful tool we have to combat poverty and stabilize America’s middle class. Money—cold hard cash with no strings attached—gives people freedom, dignity, and the ability to climb the economic ladder. A guaranteed income for working people is the big idea that's missing in the national conversation. This book, grounded in Hughes’s personal experience, will start a frank conversation about how we earn in modern America, how we can combat income inequality, and ultimately, how we can give everyone a fair shot.
