Download or read book Essays on Democratization and Taxation written by Soumyanetra Munshi and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation contains three chapters on political economy. Chapter 2 develops a game-theoretic model of democratization while chapter 3 studies women's suffrage in the United States empirically. Chapter 4 is a theoretical chapter exploring taxation with endogenous income. In chapter 2, I propose a political-economic model of democratization. In this model, part of the electorate wants extension because this makes their favorite outcome in future, more achievable. And to increase their current probabilities of winning, parties propose extension, even if that means moving away from their favorite platforms in future. Here extension of franchise occurs under the following circumstances: an almost even distribution of partisans in the population, large rents from office and a particular party enjoying some partisan advantage among the voters. The mechanism does not explicitly incorporate redistributive aspects of franchise extension and hence is a more plausible model for instances of enfranchisement where redistributive repercussions may not have been a potent consideration, like women's suffrage. In chapter 3, I study women's suffrage in the United States empirically. Though women's suffrage was federally mandated in the United States by the nineteenth amendment in 1920, many states had granted suffrage to women prior to that and most of them were clustered in the west. I revisit some of the popular conjectures that have been put forward to explain why these states moved first to give women the vote and offer a hypothesis of partisan competition leading to suffrage extension. I find evidence that early enfranchisement of women in the western states was driven by the intensity of competition between Republicans and Democrats, as well as by adverse female-male ratios, greater concentration of the population in urban areas and by a neighboring states adoption of women's suffrage. Also, the 'risk' of suffrage enactments was increasing over time. In chapter 4, I study income taxation with endogenous income. In a voting-over-income-taxation game, there exists no pure strategy equilibrium when voters' incomes are exogenous. This is true even if the space of tax-schedules is restricted to be marginally progressive only. However in such a setting, with endogenous income, pure strategy equilibrium exists.
Download or read book A Predatory Democracy written by Carl Hampus Lyttkens and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 40 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Three Essays on the Taxation of Unearned Incomes written by Harry Gunnison Brown and published by . This book was released on 1925 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In three essays the author discusses whether taxation can be used as a tool for obtaining and perpetuation of economic democracy, and if so, what system of taxation is the best for the end in view.
Download or read book Two Essays on the Taxation of Unearned Incomes written by Harry Gunnison Brown and published by . This book was released on 1921 with total page 144 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays on Democratization and Redistribution in the Philippines written by Nicole Melissa Velasco and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Does democratization lead to redistribution? The redistributive hypothesis has long contended that it does, but existing work has been conflicted and inconclusive. This dissertation seeks to deepen and expand our understanding of the redistributive hypothesis by using the Philippines as a case study. Unlike most previous studies, I explore the effects of democratization on many different aspects of redistribution. The three chapters of this dissertation cover the effects of democratization on tax structure, public services provision, and land redistribution. Throughout, I use both qualitative and quantitative analyses and construct several original datasets based on primary and secondary sources. My results show that democratization has increased some forms of redistribution but that the effect has not been universal. On the one hand, I find evidence that democratization led to more progressive taxation and increases in the government consumption, education spending, public school enrollment, and land redistribution. On the other hand, I find no evidence that democratization led to increases in total tax revenue or health outcomes. Moreover, while tax revenue came from more progressive sources under democracy, this result is attributable to greater tax compliance by the wealthy rather than more progressive statutory tax rates. Similarly, while land redistribution increased under democratization, it also still encountered significant limits. Overall, my results provide partial support for the redistributive hypothesis. Consistent with this hypothesis, my analysis of the Philippines demonstrates that democratization can still lead to redistribution in developing countries today. However, despite seeing this effect, we also observe substantial restrictions on both the type and degree of redistribution in the Philippines. This suggests shortcomings in the redistributive hypothesis as well as the importance of analyzing multiple measures of redistribution.
Download or read book Non Taxation and Representation an Essay on Distribution Redistribution and Regime Stability in the Modern World written by and published by . This book was released on 2007 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Drawing upon formal modeling, cross-national statistical analysis, and in-depth case studies, this dissertation explores the relationship between patterns of government revenue generation and political regime stability. Considering both tax and non-tax revenue (the latter of which includes foreign aid and revenue from state-owned natural resource enterprises), and building on recent redistributive theories of regime change, I use formal modeling to generate testable hypotheses about the impact of non-tax revenue on regime dynamics in both democratic and authoritarian regimes. The central prediction is that rises (falls) in non-tax resources increase (decrease) the stability of authoritarian and democratic regimes, by reducing (increasing) redistributional conflicts in society. I provide evidence supporting the implications of the theory for both redistribution and regime stability, drawing upon cross-national time-series statistical analysis as well as in-depth examination of three theoretically important cases: Bolivia, Mexico, and Kenya. The research has important implications for three bodies of literature. First, it advances the broad literature on the political economy of redistribution. The existing literature has generally assumed that government revenues are raised solely by taxation, the source of redistributional conflict. I demonstrate that this is not a plausible assumption---non-tax revenue makes up about a quarter of government revenue on average, and in some countries represents the large majority of government revenue---and that in fact non-tax revenue systematically decreases redistribution. Second, building on this insight, I advance the literature on democratization by developing a theory of how government revenues---both their size and their source---factor into regime change. This work builds on and extends recent influential works that have focused on formally modeling the distributional dynamics underlying regime transitions. Finally, t.
Download or read book Essays on the Political Economy of Taxation written by Raul Alberto Ponce Rodriguez and published by . This book was released on 2006 with total page 166 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The second essay addresses the role of voters' partisan attitudes in the determination of fiscal policies. We argue that partisan attitudes and its distribution across the electorate influence the proportion of the expected votes that different coalitions deliver in the election. We identify conditions in which voters' partisan attitudes affect the provision of a public good and the redistributive properties of the tax structure.
Download or read book Essays on Tax Revenue Composition in Developing Countries written by Hélène Ehrhart and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis focuses on the composition of tax revenue in developing countries and analyses its determinants and consequences. The first part examines the political economy factors shaping tax revenue composition, by considering the impact of elections and democratization, while the second part deals with the consequences of specific tax revenue compositions in terms of tax revenue stabilization and social welfare. Several results emerge. Elections have a significant influence on tax revenue composition since indirect tax revenues are decreased in election times (Chapter 1). These electoral manipulations are less strong in countries where democracy is well-Established. Moreover, Chapter 2 found that a more democratic political regime, with strong constraints on the executive, helps to enhance domestic tax revenues that are necessary to replace the lost revenues from trade liberalization. The second part of the thesis reveals interesting results on the effects of tax revenue composition on the stabilization of tax revenue and on its social incidence. Chapter 3 highlighted the importance of finding remedies to tax revenue instability since it induces public spending instability which in turn decreases the level of public investment. A higher reliance on domestic indirect taxes in total tax revenues has been found to lead to the stabilization of tax revenue. In addition, the results of Chapter 4 showed that the value-Added tax significantly reduces tax revenue instability in the developing countries where it was adopted. The social incidence of domestic indirect taxes was compared to the social incidence of tariffs in Chapter 5 and it was established that tariffs are more regressive than taxes on consumption in Burkina Faso.
Download or read book Two Essays on the Taxation of Unearned Incomes Classic Reprint written by Harry Gunnison Brown and published by Forgotten Books. This book was released on 2017-10-11 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Excerpt from Two Essays on the Taxation of Unearned Incomes The task confronting us through these essays is to discover whether taxation can advantageously be used as a chief tool in the attainment and perpetuation of eco nomic democracy, and, if system of taxation is best for the end in view. Such an inquiry as is here proposed, may well involve, as a first step, a consideration of the nature of the economic system in and through which the people of the modern world carry on their struggle for the means of existence. For unless we sup pose this system to be the best possible, it ought clearly to be either modified in greater or less degree or super seded. And whether the former or the latter change can be most effectively brought about or can be brought about at all, by taxation, as well as whether either sort of change ought to be brought about by any method, can hardly be intelligently decided without an understanding of the fundamental nature of the system of which the modification or supersession is contemplated. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
Download or read book Taxation and Democracy written by Sven Steinmo and published by Yale University Press. This book was released on 1993-01-01 with total page 304 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Examining the structure, politics and historic development of taxation in several countries, this book compares three quite different political democracies. It provides an account of the ways these democracies have financed their welfare programs despite w
Download or read book Democracy Manifest written by Eric Melander and published by . This book was released on 2019 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Essays in Taxation written by Albert Kenneth Eaton and published by . This book was released on 1966 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Taxation and State Building in Developing Countries written by Deborah Brautigam and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2008-01-10 with total page 261 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a widespread concern that, in some parts of the world, governments are unable to exercise effective authority. When governments fail, more sinister forces thrive: warlords, arms smugglers, narcotics enterprises, kidnap gangs, terrorist networks, armed militias. Why do governments fail? This book explores an old idea that has returned to prominence: that authority, effectiveness, accountability and responsiveness is closely related to the ways in which governments are financed. It matters that governments tax their citizens rather than live from oil revenues and foreign aid, and it matters how they tax them. Taxation stimulates demands for representation, and an effective revenue authority is the central pillar of state capacity. Using case studies from Africa, Asia, Eastern Europe and Latin America, this book presents and evaluates these arguments, updates theories derived from European history in the light of conditions in contemporary poorer countries, and draws conclusions for policy-makers.
Download or read book Representation Without Taxation written by Jane I. Guyer and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 58 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Democratic Theory written by Crawford Brough Macpherson and published by . This book was released on 1973 with total page 255 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Decline and Rise of Democracy written by David Stasavage and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2021-08-24 with total page 424 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Historical accounts of democracy's rise tend to focus on ancient Greece and pre-Renaissance Europe. The Decline and Rise of Democracy draws from global evidence to show that the story is much richer--democratic practices were present in many places, at many other times, from the Americas before European conquest, to ancient Mesopotamia, to precolonial Africa. Delving into the prevalence of early democracy throughout the world, David Stasavage makes the case that understanding how and where these democracies flourished--and when and why they declined--can provide crucial information not just about the history of governance, but also about the ways modern democracies work and where they could manifest in the future."--
Download or read book Limits Of Law written by Peter Schuck and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2018-03-08 with total page 477 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Law is an increasingly pervasive force in our society. At the same time, however, the obstacles to law’s effectiveness are also growing. In The limits of Law, Yale law professor Peter H, Schuck draws on law, social science, and history to explore this momentous clash between law’s compelling promise of ordered liberty and the realistic limits of its capacity to deliver on this promise. Schuck first discusses the constraints within which law must work–law’s own complexity, the cultural chasms it must bridge, and the social diversity it must accommodate–and proceeds to consider the ways law uses regulatory, legislative, and adjudicatory processes to influence social behavior. He shows how politics shapes regulation, how regulation might incorporate individualized equity, and how it can best be reformed. Turning to legislation, he justifies a strong role for special interest groups, dissects purely symbolic statutes, and defends broad delegations of legislative power to regulatory agencies. Concerning adjudication, Schuck analyzes the courts’ efforts to advance social justice by controlling federal agencies, constitutionalizing politics, managing mass toxic tort disputes, and reforming public services and institutions. His concluding chapter draws together some general lessons about law’s limits and possibilities for improving democratic governance.
