Download or read book Essays on Child Health in Developing Countries written by Samantha Benvinda Rawlings and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Education Gender and Child Health in Developing Countries written by Marian Meller and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Empirical Essays on Health Care for Children and Families written by Zuleyha Neziroglu Cidav and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 204 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation consists of three empirical essays investigating different aspects of health care for children and families. The first essay examines the effectiveness of adherence to American Academy of Pediatrics guidelines for preventive pediatric health care. Using a national longitudinal sample of children age two years and younger, we investigate whether compliance with prescribed periodic well-child care visits has beneficial effects on child health. We find that increased compliance improves child health. In particular, higher compliance lowers future risks of fair or poor health, of some history of a serious illness and of having a health limitation. The second essay examines child health care utilization in relation to maternal labor supply. We test the hypothesis that working-mothers trade off the advantages of greater income against the disadvantages of less time for other valuable tasks, such as seeking health care for their children. This tradeoff may result in positive, negative, or no net impacts on child health investment. We estimate health care demand regressions that include separate variables for mother's labor supply and her labor income. Our results indicate that higher maternal work hours reduce child health care visits; higher maternal earnings increase them. In addition, wage-employment, as opposed to self-employment, is detrimental to child health investment. A further finding is that preventive care demand for younger children is less sensitive to maternal time and income changes. We also find that detrimental time effects dominate beneficial income effects. The third essay studies intra-household resource allocation as it pertains to its demand for preventive medical care. We test the income-pooling hypothesis of the common preference model by using individual specific medical care consumption data and present evidence on the allocation of household resources to the medical needs of the child, husband and wife. Our results are in line with the findings of previous studies that emphasize the ongoing importance of the traditional gender role of woman as the primary caregiver. We find that the resources of the wife have a greater positive impact on child's and her own preventive care demand than does the resources of the husband. In contrast to most studies from developing countries, we find that US families do not exhibit differential health care demand based on child gender. It is also noteworthy that the wife's education level has a greater positive impact than that of her husband does on both the husband's and her own preventive care utilization.

Download or read book Children s Services in the Developing World written by Najat M'Jid and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2017-03-02 with total page 611 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Children’s services in The Developing World brings together evidence relating to the health and development of children in the global South. It is essential reading for students, scientists, policy makers and practitioners in economically developing countries. The book deals with the effects of catastrophe, disease, war and poverty on children's development. There is strong coverage of the ways in which children cope with even the most inauspicious of circumstances. Evidence is provided on the incidence of impairment to health and development. As well as establishing the risks to child well-being in the economic South, the book shows how to intervene to address those risks. Examples of good practice rigorously evaluated will be of interest to everyone seeking to improve the lives of children, whether that be in economically developed or developing nations.

Download or read book Essays in Child Health and Health Systems in Eastern Africa written by and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Prevailing research pegs health status to a multitude of explanations, with many countries sharing almost similar experiences, depending on their development trajectory. There is consensus that fragility begets substandard health outcomes. This suggests that settings that are embroiled in fragility often experience increased morbid health and deaths (Guha-Sapir et al 2005). Alleviating these adverse health conditions requires addressing the underlying ills of state fragility. Yet, other researchers show that, net of other circumstances, the nature in which the health services are administered to the population substantially influences health (Bossert et al 2003; Bossert and Beauvais 2002). This strand of research emphasizes that good governance in healthcare fundamentally promotes good health. This dissertation augments these research efforts by spatially and periodically mapping child health conditions and linking differentiated health outcomes to health systems in Eastern Africa, focusing primarily on South Sudan and Ethiopia. Looking specifically at infants and children under the age of five, the central objective of this research is to generate empirical evidence that resonates with proximate child health policy interests in the region. This dissertation finds that certain events, such as war, development, spatial heterogeneity, and governance substantially impact health. Finally, the current research could benefit from possible improvements in a number of areas. Primarily, there is need to address one major caveat-lack of information at micro levels in both countries, i.e., local settings. Specifically, future research efforts should pay attention to generating necessary data at these levels for more distilled mortality analyses. In South Sudan, such levels would be counties, payams, and bomas and in Ethiopia, they would include woredas and kebeles. New insights would be useful in two ways. First, they could help map child health conditions at these subnational levels. Secondly, those results could be used to improve health policies at those levels. In addition, evaluating in detail environmental health conditions in South Sudan may help us shed light on urban-rural early age mortality differentials. As well, an analysis on whether peace crowds out humanitarian and international development investments is desired.

Download or read book Essays on Child Development in Developing Countries written by Sarah Davidson Humpage and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 175 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Child Health and Gender related Challenges in the Developing World written by Sofia Karina Trommlerová and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 159 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on Family Education and Health in Developing Countries written by Irène Dohouin and published by . This book was released on 2023 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This dissertation is organized in three chapters and revolves around issues related to family, education and health in developing countries. The first chapter studies how education affects women's HIV infection. By using an education reform that led to a sharp increase in women's education in Zambia, I estimate RDD, interacted with geographic differences in school supply. I find that an increase in female education led to HIV higher rate. I find no evidence that education affected women's HIV knowledge and their risky behaviors. Instead, the results are driven by the increased urbanization of the better educated women. The second and third chapters address the practice of child fostering in Sub-saharan Africa. In the chapter 2, co-authored with Caleb Gbeholo, we examine the determinants of child fostering across and within family in Benin. In this purpose, we rely a dataset that comes from a unique survey that we designed and conducted in Benin in 2022. We find that parents' education and the lost of one parent during childhood are associated with child fostering. The fostered child is chosen according his gender and his birth order, with daughters facing a high risk of fostering during childhood. Furthermore, the child probability to be foster is steady decline by birth order. The chapter 3, co-authored with Caleb Gbeholo, Raphael Godefroy and Joshua Lewis, studies the effect of child fostering on education and fertility. Using the same dataset as in chapter 2, we estimate that adults who were fostered as a child are significantly less likely to have attended school than their siblings. We show that this difference in education achievement increased after the launch of an education reform in the 1990s. We find no difference in fertility. We estimate that the practice of child fostering may account for a substantial share of the gender gap in education.

Download or read book Essays on Child Development written by Samuel Arenberg and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: My dissertation, consisting of three chapters, considers the role of the childhood circumstances on adulthood measures of economic wellbeing. The first two chapters analyze a large expansion of public health insurance to children from low-income families in the United States. The third and final chapter analyzes the impact of childhood exposure to lead (Pb) in India. In Chapter 1, I examine one of the largest ever expansions of Medicaid, health insurance provided by the state at very low-cost to low-income Americans. In 1990, Congress passed a bill that extended Medicaid eligibility for children living below the poverty line from age 6 to age 18. This expansion, however, applied only to individuals born on or after October 1, 1983. Using a research design that exploits this sudden change in eligibility with respect to date of birth (a regression discontinuity design), I estimate the impact that the policy had on Medicaid enrollment rates. I find that enrollment rose specifically among Black children, and I offer potential explanations for why children of other races do not enroll despite becoming eligible. This finding contributes to a large literature on the puzzlingly low usage of social programs. In Chapter 2, I continue investigating this large expansion of youth Medicaid, but I shift focus to adulthood outcomes for individuals born around the October 1, 1983 cutoff. Namely, I study incarceration. I show that Black children born just after the cutoff are 5 percent less likely to be incarcerated by age 28, driven primarily by a decrease in incarcerations connected to financially motivated offenses. Children of other races, who (as discussed in Chapter 2) experienced almost no gain in Medicaid coverage as a result of the policy, demonstrate no such decline. I find that reduced incarceration in adulthood substantially offsets the initial costs of expanding eligibility. This result provides a clear demonstration for a commonly held view that investments in children and in public health systems can produce substantial social benefits, in addition to private ones. In Chapter 3, I turn attention to a developing-country context, specifically India, where environmental factors play an outsized role in child development. I study a large reduction in ambient exposure to lead, a neurotoxic substance that is particularly harmful to infants and children. Specifically, I analyze the impact that the phase-out of leaded gasoline had on the educational trajectories of children in India. I estimate this effect by leveraging the city-by-city implementation of the phase-out in the late 1990s and early 2000s. I find that lead exposure had significantly suppressed educational attainment in India. This finding adds to the evidence that environmental factors in early life can strongly affect markers wellbeing in later life

Download or read book Essays on Child Development and Skills Formation written by Alan Nilton Sanchez Jimenez and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 262 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Health in Developing Countries written by Eiji Mangyo and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 344 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Clinics Stoves and Ill behaved Children written by James Gerald Manley and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 206 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on the Welfare of Children in Developing Countries written by Emanuela Galasso and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 109 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on the Children In Developing Countries written by Dhanushka Thamarapani and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 250 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Advances in International Maternal and Child Health written by Derrick Brian Jelliffe and published by Oxford University Press, USA. This book was released on 1987 with total page 212 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the seventh edition of this annual volume of essays on international maternal and child health care, distinguished contributors write on a range of important current issues. Topics covered include maternal health care in developing countries and the repercussions of inadequate maternal health care; breastfeeding and new perspectives on child nutrition; alternative health care approaches in the treatment of working and street children, and child abuse and neglect in Africa.

Download or read book Empirical Essays on Environmental and Health Economics in Developing Countries written by Shinsuke Tanaka and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Abstract: Health and environment have recently been active research areas in development economics. However, estimating impacts on development has been hampered by concerns that there may be confounding variables that bias the estimates. My dissertation evaluates a credible relationship between the two by identifying an empirical context in which the roles of confounding variables are mitigated. The first essay quantifies the impacts of air pollution and related regulations on infant mortality in China. I exploit plausibly exogenous variations in air quality generated by environmental regulations since 1995. The results suggest that the regulations led to significant reductions in air pollution and infant mortality rate (IMR). I estimate that 25,400 fewer infants died per year than would have died in the absence of the regulations, corresponding to about a 21 percent decline in IMR. The instrumental variable estimates indicate that a one percent reduction in total suspended particulates results in a 0.95 percent reduction in IMR, whereas a one percent reduction in sulfur dioxide results in a 0.82 percent reduction in IMR. The estimated impact of a unit change in TSP is of similar magnitude to that found in the U.S., but the elasticity is substantially higher in China, highlighting the greater benefits associated with regulations when pollution is already quite high. The second essay quantifies the returns of health infrastructure to child health status, as measured by weight-for-age z-scores. By exploiting plausibly exogenous changes in access to health services induced by the health policy in South Africa after the end of apartheid, I show that gaining access to health institutions improves nutritional status of boys but not of girls among newly born babies and children with low health status. The third essay investigates whether improved access to health services leads to better educational achievements. The health policy I examine in the second chapter provides a rare opportunity to credibly evaluate a relationship. The results indicate that access to health services has little impact on educational outcomes, except that boys who gained substantial increases in health access at the time of enrollment are likely to start school earlier.

Download or read book Three Essays on the Economics of Health in Developing Countries written by Patrick O. Asuming and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: However, husband's education was associated with lower fertility especially when their wives were also educated. Wealth was associated with higher fertility, reflecting a higher child survival rate in wealthy families. Moreover, controlling for wealth does not affect the effect of education on fertility. We find that the reproductive health interventions affected both educated and uneducated women but the effect on educated women was stronger, leading to the emergence of an education-fertility differential 16 years after the introduction of the interventions. Our results suggest that in settings where men dominate reproductive decision-making, their education status may have a stronger effect on fertility than the educational attainment of women.