Download or read book Essays in Volatility Estimation Based on High Frequency Data written by Yucheng Sun and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Estimation and Inference for Volatility with High Frequency Data written by Ilze Kalnina and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on High frequency Financial Data Analysis written by Yingjie Dong and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page 137 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This dissertation consists of three essays on high-frequency financial data analysis. I consider intraday periodicity adjustment and its effect on intraday volatility estimation, the Business Time Sampling (BTS) scheme and the estimation of market microstructure noise using NYSE tick-by-tick transaction data. Chapter 2 studies two methods of adjusting for intraday periodicity of highfrequency financial data: the well-known Duration Adjustment (DA) method and the recently proposed Time Transformation (TT) method (Wu (2012)). I examine the effects of these adjustments on the estimation of intraday volatility using the Autoregressive Conditional Duration-Integrated Conditional Variance (ACD-ICV) method of Tse and Yang (2012). I find that daily volatility estimates are not sensitive to intraday periodicity adjustment. However, intraday volatility is found to have a weaker U-shaped volatility smile and a biased trough if intraday periodicity adjustment is not applied. In addition, adjustment taking account of trades with zero duration (multiple trades at the same time stamp) results in deeper intraday volatility smile..."--Author's abstract.

Download or read book Three Essays on Realized Volatility Models for High Frequency Data written by Ji Shen and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 105 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on High frequency Financial Econometrics written by Shouwei Liu and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 126 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "My dissertation consists of three essays which contribute new theoretical and em- pirical results to Volatility Estimation and Market Microstructure theory as well as Risk Management. Chapter 2 extends the ACD-ICV method proposed by Tse and Yang (2012) for the estimation of intraday volatility of stocks to estimate monthly volatility. We compare the ACD-ICV estimates against the realized volatility (RV) and the generalized autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity (GARCH) estimates. Our Monte Carlo experiments and empirical results on stock data of the New York Stock Exchange show that the ACD-ICV method performs very well against the other two methods. As a 30-day volatility predictor, the Chicago Board Options Exchange volatility index (VIX) predicts the ACD-ICV volatility estimates better than the RV estimates. While the RV method appears to dominate the literature, the GARCH method based on aggregating daily conditional variance over a month performs well against the RV method..."--Author's abstract.

Download or read book Volatility Analysis with Unified Discrete and Continuous Time Models by Combining Low frequency High frequency and Option Data written by Xinyu Song and published by . This book was released on 2017 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this dissertation, we present the topic on volatility analysis with combined discrete-time and continuous-time models by employing low-frequency, high-frequency and option data. We first investigate the traditional low-frequency approach for volatility analysis that frequently adopts generalized autoregressive conditional heteroscedastic (GARCH) type models and modern high-frequency approach for volatility estimation that often employs realized volatility type estimators, examples include multi-scale realized volatility estimators, pre-averaging realized volatility estimators and kernel realized volatility estimators. We introduce a new model for volatility analysis by combining low-frequency and high-frequency approaches. The proposed model is an Ito diffusion process where the instantaneous volatility depends on integrated volatility and squared log return. When the model is restricted to integer times, conditional volatility of the process adopts an analogous structure with the one seen in a standard GARCH model and includes one additional innovation: the integrated volatility. The proposed model is named as generalized unified GARCH-Ito model. Parameter estimation is built on the marriage of a quasi-likelihood function obtained based on conditional volatility structure from the proposed model and common realized volatility estimators obtained based on high-frequency financial data. To improve the performance of proposed estimators, we also provide the option of incorporating option data by adopting a joint quasi-likelihood function. We study the asymptotic behaviors of proposed estimators and conduct a simulation study that confirms proposed estimators have good finite sample statistical performance. An empirical study has been carried out to demonstrate the ease of implementation of the proposed model in daily volatility estimation.

Download or read book Essays on Modeling of Volatility Duration and Volume in High frequency Data written by Haiqing Zheng and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 134 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays in Applied Econometrics of High Frequency Financial Data written by Ilya Archakov and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 173 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the first chapter, co-authored with Peter Hansen and Asger Lunde, we suggest a novel approach to modeling and measuring systematic risk in equity markets. We develop a new modeling framework that treats an asset return as a dependent variable in a multiple regression model. The GARCH-type dynamics of conditional variances and correlations between the regression variables naturally imply a temporal variation of regression coefficients (betas). The model incorporates extra information from the realized (co-)variance measures extracted from high frequency data, which helps to better identify the latent covariance process and capture its changes more promptly. The suggested structure is consistent with the broad class of linear factor models in the asset pricing literature. We apply our framework to the famous three-factor Fama-French model at the daily frequency. Throughout the empirical analysis, we consider more than 800 individual stocks as well as style and sectoral exchange traded funds from the U.S. equity market. We document an appreciable cross-sectional and temporal variation of the model-implied risk loadings with the especially strong (though short-lived) distortion around the Financial Crisis episode. In addition, we find a significant heterogeneity in a relative explanatory power of the Fama-French factors across the different sectors of economy and detect a fluctuation of the risk premia estimates over time. The empirical evidence emphasizes the importance of taking into account dynamic aspects of the underlying covariance structure in asset pricing models. In the second chapter, written with Bo Laursen, we extend the popular dynamic Nelson-Siegel framework by introducing time-varying volatilities in the factor dynamics and incorporating the realized measures to improve the identification of the latent volatility state. The new model is able to effectively describe the conditional distribution dynamics of a term structure variable and can still be readily estimated with the Kalman filter. We apply our framework to model the crude oil futures prices. Using more than 150,000,000 transactions for the large panel of contracts we carefully construct the realized volatility measures corresponding to the latent Nelson-Siegel factors, estimate the model at daily frequency and evaluate it by forecasting the conditional density of futures prices. We document that the time-varying volatility specification suggested in our model strongly outperforms the constant volatility benchmark. In addition, the use of realized measures provides moderate, but systematic gains in density forecasting. In the third chapter, I investigate the rate at which information about the daily asset volatility level arrives with the transaction data in the course of the trading day. The contribution of this analysis is three-fold. First, I gauge how fast (after the market opening) the reasonable projection of the new daily volatility level can be constructed. Second, the framework provides a natural experimental field for the comparison of the small sample properties of different types of estimators as well as their (very) short-run forecasting capability. Finally, I outline an adaptive modeling framework for volatility dynamics that attaches time-varying weights to the different predictive signals in response to the changing stochastic environment. In the empirical analysis, I consider a sample of assets from the Dow Jones index. I find that the average precision of the ex-post daily volatility projections made after only 15 minutes of trading (at 9:45a.m. EST) amounts to 65% (in terms of predictive R2) and reaches up to 90% before noon. Moreover, in conjunction with the prior forecast, the first 15 minutes of trading are able to predict about 80% of the ex-post daily volatility. I document that the predictive content of the realized measures that use data at the transaction frequency is strongly superior as compared to the estimators that use sparsely sampled data, but the difference is getting negligible closer to the end of the trading day, as more observations are used to construct a projection. In the final chapter, joint with Peter Hansen, Guillaume Horel and Asger Lunde, we introduce a multivariate estimator of financial volatility that is based on the theory of Markov chains. The Markov chain framework takes advantage of the discreteness of high-frequency returns and suggests a natural decomposition of the observed price process into a martingale and a stationary components. The new estimator is robust to microstructural noise effects and is positive semidefinite by construction. We outline an approach to the estimation of high dimensional covariance matrices. This approach overcomes the curse of dimensionality caused by the tremendous number of observed price transitions (normally, exceeding 10,000 per trading day) that complicates a reliable estimation of the transition probability matrix for the multivariate Markov chain process. We study the finite sample properties of the estimator in a simulation study and apply it to high-frequency commodity prices. We find that the new estimator demonstrates a decent finite sample precision. The empirical estimates are largely in agreement with the benchmarks, but the Markov chain estimator is found to be particularly well with regards to estimating correlations.

Download or read book Essays in Econometrics and Time series Analysis written by Tae Suk Lee and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 228 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This dissertation consists of two essays dealing respectively with estimation of volatility and test for a jump using high frequency data. Chapter 1 investigates the properties of pre-averaging estimators of integrated volatility, first considered by Podolskij and Vetter (2009). We relax their assumptions on the properties of market microstructure noise in order to include realistic and empirically relevant features of noise such as missing data and flat price trading. We develop an asymptotic theory of our estimator using martingale convergence theorems. Especially we deal with the boundary problem of pre-averaging and we provide a solution to the parameters-on-the-boundary problem posed by pre-averaging estimators. Building on that theory, we show that a general linear combination of estimators can be made unbiased, and we devise a rate-optimal estimator of the integrated volatility. In addition, we derive a bootstrap statistic to assess the variance of our estimator. This allows us to optimally select the estimator's smoothing parameter from the data, providing an additional improvement over previously-considered pre-averaging estimators. Because our methodology and assumptions on the market microstructure noise component are general, our estimator can also be applied to multivariate time series without any need to correct for asynchronicity in the observations. Monte Carlo experiments show that our theoretical results are valid in realistic cases. Chapter 2 shows that the power of any test of this hypothesis depends on the frequency of observation. In particular, we show that if the process is observed at intervals of length 1/n and the instantaneous volatility of the process is given by [sigma]t, at best one can detect jumps of height no smaller than [sigma]t[...characters removed]. We construct a test which achieves this rate in the case for diffusion-type processes. With simulation experiments, we show that our tests have good size and power properties in many cases with realistic sample sizes and that they outperform other tests that have been proposed in the recent literature. Applying our tests to high-frequency financial data, we detect more jumps in the data than are found by other tests."--Leaves v-vi.

Download or read book Three Essays on the Econometric Analysis of High Frequency Financial Data written by Roel C. A. Oomen and published by . This book was released on 2003 with total page 101 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Essays on Causality and Volatility in Econometrics with Financial Applications written by Hui Jun Zhang and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This thesis makes contributions to the statistical analysis of causality and volatility in econometrics. It consists of five essays, theoretical and empirical. In the first one, we study how to characterize and measure multi-horizon second-order causality. The second and third essays propose linear estimation methods for univariate and multivariate weak GARCH models. In the fourth essay, we use multi-horizon causality measures to study the causal relationships between commodity prices and exchange rates with high-frequency data. In the fifth essay, we evaluate the historical evolution of volatility forecast skill.Given the increasingly important role of volatility forecasting in financial studies, a number of authors have proposed to extend the notion of Granger causality to study the dynamic cobehavior of volatilities. In the first essay, we propose a general theory of second-order causality between random vectors at different horizons, allowing for the presence of auxiliary variables, in terms of the predictability of conditional variance. We establish various properties of the causality structures so defined. Furthermore, we propose nonparametric and parametric measures of second-order causality at a given horizon. We suggest a simulation-based method to evaluate the measures in the context of stationary VAR-MGARCH. The asymptotic validity of bootstrap confidence intervals is demonstrated. Finally, we apply the proposed measures of second-order causality to study volatility spillover and contagion across financial markets in the U.S., the U.K. and Japan, for the period of 2000-2010.It is well known that the quasi-maximum likelihood (QML) estimator is consistent and asymptotically normal for (semi-)strong GARCH models. However, when estimating a weak GARCH model, the QML estimator can be inconsistent due to the misspecification of conditional variance. The nonlinear least squares (NLS) estimation is consistent and asymptotically normal for weak GARCH models, but requires a complicated nonlinear optimization. In the second essay, we suggest a linear estimation method, which is shown to be consistent and asymptotically normal for weak GARCH models. Simulation results for weak GARCH models indicate that, the linear estimation method outperforms both QML and NLS for parameter estimation, and is comparable to the NLS, and better than QML for out-of-sample forecasts.Similar issues show up when QML and NLS are used for weak multivariate GARCH (MGARCH) models. In the third essay, we propose a linear estimation method for weak MGARCH models. The asymptotic properties of this linear estimator are established. Simulations for weak MGARCH models show that our linear estimation method outperforms both QML and NLS for the parameter estimation, and the three methods perform similarly in out-of-sample forecasting experiments. Most importantly, the proposed linear estimation is much less computationally complex than QML and NLS. In the fourth essay, we study the causal relationship between commodity prices and exchange rates. Existing studies using quarterly data and noncausality tests only at horizon 1 do not indicate a clear direction of causality from commodity prices to exchange rates. In contrast, by considering multi-horizon causality measures using the high-frequency data (daily and 5-minute) from three typical commodity economies, we find that causality running from commodity prices to exchange rates is stronger than that in the opposite direction up to multiple horizons, after accounting for "dollar effects".In the fifth essay, we apply the concept of forecast skill to evaluate the historical evolution of volatility forecasting, using the data from S&P 500 composite index over the period of 1983-2009. We find that models of conditional volatility do yield improvements in forecasting, but the historical evolution of volatility forecast skill does not exhibit a clear upward trend." --

Download or read book Ultra High Frequency Volatility Estimation with Dependent Microstructure Noise written by Yacine Aït-Sahalia and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 41 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We analyze the impact of time series dependence in market microstructure noise on the properties of estimators of the integrated volatility of an asset price based on data sampled at frequencies high enough for that noise to be a dominant consideration. We show that combining two time scales for that purpose will work even when the noise exhibits time series dependence, analyze in that context a refinement of this approach based on multiple time scales, and compare empirically our different estimators to the standard realized volatility.

Download or read book High Frequency Financial Econometrics written by Yacine Aït-Sahalia and published by Princeton University Press. This book was released on 2014-07-21 with total page 683 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A comprehensive introduction to the statistical and econometric methods for analyzing high-frequency financial data High-frequency trading is an algorithm-based computerized trading practice that allows firms to trade stocks in milliseconds. Over the last fifteen years, the use of statistical and econometric methods for analyzing high-frequency financial data has grown exponentially. This growth has been driven by the increasing availability of such data, the technological advancements that make high-frequency trading strategies possible, and the need of practitioners to analyze these data. This comprehensive book introduces readers to these emerging methods and tools of analysis. Yacine Aït-Sahalia and Jean Jacod cover the mathematical foundations of stochastic processes, describe the primary characteristics of high-frequency financial data, and present the asymptotic concepts that their analysis relies on. Aït-Sahalia and Jacod also deal with estimation of the volatility portion of the model, including methods that are robust to market microstructure noise, and address estimation and testing questions involving the jump part of the model. As they demonstrate, the practical importance and relevance of jumps in financial data are universally recognized, but only recently have econometric methods become available to rigorously analyze jump processes. Aït-Sahalia and Jacod approach high-frequency econometrics with a distinct focus on the financial side of matters while maintaining technical rigor, which makes this book invaluable to researchers and practitioners alike.

Download or read book Volatility Estimation with High frequency Data written by David Schreindorfer and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Efficient Estimation of Volatility Using High Frequency Data written by Gilles O. Zumbach and published by . This book was released on 2002 with total page 22 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The limitations of volatilities computed with daily data as well as simple statistical considerations strongly suggest to use intraday data in order to obtain accurate volatility estimates. Under a continuous time arbitrage-free setup, the quadratic variations of the prices would allow us, in principle, to construct an approximately error free estimate of volatility by using data at the highest frequency available. Yet, empirical data at very short time scales differ in many ways from the arbitrage-free continuous time price processes. For foreign exchange rates, the main difference originates in the incoherent structure of the price formation process. This market micro-structure effect introduces a noisy component in the price process leading to a strong overestimation of volatility when using naive estimators. Therefore, to be able to fully exploit the information contained in high frequency data, this incoherent effect needs to be discounted. In this contribution, we investigate several unbiased estimators that take into account the incoherent noise. One approach is to use a filter for pre-whitening the prices, and then using volatility estimators based on the filtered series. Another solution is to directly define a volatility estimator using tick-by-tick price differences, and including a correction term for the price formation effect. The properties of these estimators are investigated by Monte Carlo simulations. A number of important real-world effects are included in the simulated processes: realistic volatility and price dynamic, the incoherent effect, seasonalities, and random arrival time of ticks. Moreover, we investigate the robustness of the estimators with respect to data frequency changes and gaps. Finally, we illustrate the behavior of the best estimators on empirical data.

Download or read book Three Essays on Financial Risks Using High Frequency Data written by Serge Luther Nyawa Womo and published by . This book was released on 2018 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This thesis is about financial risks and high frequency data, with a particular focus on financial systemic risk, the risk of high dimensional portfolios and market microstructure noise. It is organized on three chapters. The first chapter provides a continuous time reduced-form model for the propagation of negative idiosyncratic shocks within a financial system. Using common factors and mutually exciting jumps both in price and volatility, we distinguish between sources of systemic failure such as macro risk drivers, connectedness and contagion. The estimation procedure relies on the GMM approach and takes advantage of high frequency data. We use models' parameters to define weighted, directed networks for shock transmission, and we provide new measures for the financial system fragility. We construct paths for the propagation of shocks, firstly within a number of key US banks and insurance companies, and secondly within the nine largest S&P sectors during the period 2000-2014. We find that beyond common factors, systemic dependency has two related but distinct channels: price and volatility jumps. In the second chapter, we develop a new factor-based estimator of the realized covolatility matrix, applicable in situations when the number of assets is large and the high-frequency data are contaminated with microstructure noises. Our estimator relies on the assumption of a factor structure for the noise component, separate from the latent systematic risk factors that characterize the cross-sectional variation in the frictionless returns. The new estimator provides theoretically more efficient and finite-sample more accurate estimates of large-scale integrated covolatility, correlation, and inverse covolatility matrices than other recently developed realized estimation procedures. These theoretical and simulation-based findings are further corroborated by an empirical application related to portfolio allocation and risk minimization involving several hundred individual stocks. The last chapter presents a factor-based methodology to estimate microstructure noise characteristics and frictionless prices under a high dimensional setup. We rely on factor assumptions both in latent returns and microstructure noise. The methodology is able to estimate rotations of common factors, loading coefficients and volatilities in microstructure noise for a huge number of stocks. Using stocks included in the S&P500 during the period spanning January 2007 to December 2011, we estimate microstructure noise common factors and compare them to some market-wide liquidity measures computed from real financial variables. We obtain that: the first factor is correlated to the average spread and the average number of shares outstanding; the second and third factors are related to the spread; the fourth and fifth factors are significantly linked to the closing log-price. In addition, volatilities of microstructure noise factors are widely explained by the average spread, the average volume, the average number of trades and the average trade size.

Download or read book High Frequency Data Frequency Domain Inference and Volatility Forecasting written by Jonathan H. Wright and published by . This book was released on 1999 with total page 38 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: While it is clear that the volatility of asset returns is serially correlated, there is no general agreement as to the most appropriate parametric model for characterizing this temporal dependence. In this paper, we propose a simple way of modeling financial market volatility using high frequency data. The method avoids using a tight parametric model, by instead simply fitting a long autoregression to log-squared, squared or absolute high frequency returns. This can either be estimated by the usual time domain method, or alternatively the autoregressive coefficients can be backed out from the smoothed periodogram estimate of the spectrum of log-squared, squared or absolute returns. We show how this approach can be used to construct volatility forecasts, which compare favorably with some leading alternatives in an out-of-sample forecasting exercise.