Download or read book Equity Issues in Public Examinations in Developing Countries written by Vincent Greaney and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 272. Public examinations in developing countries play a critical role in the selection of students for participation in the educational system. The exams dictate what is taught, how it is taught, and what is and is no

Download or read book Analyzing Health Equity Using Household Survey Data written by Adam Wagstaff and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2007-11-02 with total page 234 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Have gaps in health outcomes between the poor and better off grown? Are they larger in one country than another? Are health sector subsidies more equally distributed in some countries than others? Are health care payments more progressive in one health care financing system than another? What are catastrophic payments and how can they be measured? How far do health care payments impoverish households? Answering questions such as these requires quantitative analysis. This in turn depends on a clear understanding of how to measure key variables in the analysis, such as health outcomes, health expenditures, need, and living standards. It also requires set quantitative methods for measuring inequality and inequity, progressivity, catastrophic expenditures, poverty impact, and so on. This book provides an overview of the key issues that arise in the measurement of health variables and living standards, outlines and explains essential tools and methods for distributional analysis, and, using worked examples, shows how these tools and methods can be applied in the health sector. The book seeks to provide the reader with both a solid grasp of the principles underpinning distributional analysis, while at the same time offering hands-on guidance on how to move from principles to practice.

Download or read book Freshwater Biodiversity in Asia written by Maurice Kottelat and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 78 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Discussion Paper No. 337. Draws on household survey data from 87 rural villages in Bangladesh to examine the contribution that government family planning programs, as well as other health care interventions, have made toward the recent reduction in fertility by increasing contraceptive use and reducing infant mortality. The paper suggests that the programs have been effective and finds that targeted credit program placement, such as the Grameen Bank and the Bangladesh Rural Advancement Committee (BRAC), contributed to the effort as well.

Download or read book Technologies for Rainfed Agriculture in Mediterranean Climates written by Peter Oram and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 196 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report describes the results of a survey of 1,000 multinational corporations undertaken in 1992 which asked about the importance of environmental issues in investment decisions. The survey shows that most large corporations look systematically at environmental questions when they decide where to invest. Environmental problems appear to have discouraged a number of investments across different industries and the question of liability for past pollution problems at industrial sites was the greatest concern for investors.

Download or read book Privatizing Africa s Infrastructure written by Michel Kerf and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 118 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This paper examines the promise and challenge of infrastructure privatization in sub-Saharan Africa, with particular emphasis on power, telecommunications, water, rail, ports and airports. The paper places primary emphasis on mobilizing private investment in infrastructure. To realize the potential of infrastructure privatization in sub-Saharan Africa, four main challenges must be addressed: a) concerns over market size, affordability and payment risks; b) establishing adequate legal and regulatory frameworks; c) dealing with non commercial risks; and d) mobilizing local finance. The paper examines these four areas and gives elements of a future strategy for the World Bank Group.

Download or read book Poverty and Income Distribution in Latin America written by George Psacharopoulos and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1997-01-01 with total page 328 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Highly empirical analysis documents increase in poverty and worsening of income distribution during 1980s. Demonstrates that low levels of education increase incidence of poverty and income inequality. Data provided for individual countries. Valuable data reference source"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57.

Download or read book New Evaluation Procedures for a New Generation of Water related Projects written by Ronald G. Cummings and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 68 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This groundbreaking study presents the results of a large survey of more than 400 industrial firms in Russia conducted by the World Bank in mid-1994. The survey examined the role and organization of the enterprise sector, which is a key issue in transition economies, particularly in Russia, where a concerted attempt has been made to change ownership arrangements and hence corporate governance. More than half the firms surveyed are in the private sector; the rest remain in state hands or are partially privatized. A major focus of the book is to understand whether the Russian privatization has led to improvements in corporate governance. The authors identify some initial positive changes but also find that the manner in which privatization has occurred has not yet had a strong effect on the internal operations of Russian industrial firms. However, they do find evidence from their sample of significant growth in new firms. The volume examines the positive and negative aspects of restructuring, employment and workers compensation issues, budget constraints, the effects of privatization on employee behavior, and future prospects for Russian firms.

Download or read book Environmental and Economic Issues in Forestry written by Susan Shen and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1995-01-01 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank Technical Paper No. 281. Provides an overview of environmentally related priority issues in Asian forestry and contributes to the critical work of understanding the complex dynamics of those issues.

Download or read book Educational Assessment in a Time of Reform written by Coert Loock and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2019-11-20 with total page 157 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Educational Assessment in a Time of Reform provides background information on large-scale examination systems more generally and the South African examination specifically. It traces the reforms in the education system of South Africa since 1994 and provides a description of the advances in modern test theory that could be considered for future standard setting endeavours. At the heart of the book is the debate on whether the current standard of education in Africa is good enough . If not, then how can it be improved? The aim of this book is to provide a point of departure for discussions on standard-setting, quality assurance, equating of examinations and assessment approaches. From this point of departure recommendations for practices in general and the exit-level (Grade 12) examination results in particular can be made. This book is ideal reading for principals, teachers, academics and researchers in the fields of educational assessment, measurement, and evaluation.

Download or read book Trends in Health Status Services and Finance Statistical annex written by Ellen Goldstein and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 156 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Education systems in more than 50 countries, most of them in the industrial world, have in recent years shown an interest in obtaining information on what their students have actually learned as a result of their educational experiences. This interest has been manifested either by developing national procedures to assess students' achievements or by participating in international studies of student achievement. This book provides introductory information on ways of assessing the learning outcomes of education systems. It considers the nature, choice, and use of indicators and describes numerous approaches to assessing learning outcomes in selected industrial countries (the United States and the United Kingdom) and developing countries (Chile, Colombia, Mauritius, Namibia, and Thailand). The authors also review systems of comparative international assessment and debate whether developing countries should participate in them. The book contains boxes and tables; an appendix features a national assessment checklist.

Download or read book Resources in Education written by and published by . This book was released on 1998 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book The World Bank and Education written by Steven J. Klees and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-09-07 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: World Bank and Education: Book Blurb For more than three decades, the World Bank has been proposing global policies for education. Presented as research-based, validated by experience, and broadly applicable, these policies are ideologically driven, insensitive to local contexts, and treat education as independent of international dynamics and national and local economies and cultures. Target countries, needing resources and unable to generate comparable research, find it difficult to challenge World Bank recommendations. The World Bank and Education: Critiques and Alternatives represents a powerful challenge to World Bank proposals. Probing core issues—equity, quality, finance, privatization, teaching and learning, gender, and human rights—highlights the disabilities of neoliberal globalization. The authors demonstrate the ideological nature of the evidence marshaled by the World Bank and the accompanying policy advice. Addressing key education issues in developing countries, the authors’ analyses provide tools for resisting and rejecting generic policy prescriptions as well as alternative directions to consider. Robert Arnove, in his preface, says, “whether the Bank is responsive to the critiques and alternatives brilliantly offered by the present authors, the book is certain to influence development and education scholars, policymakers, and practitioners around the globe.”

Download or read book A Mining Strategy for Latin America and the Caribbean written by and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 1996-01-01 with total page 132 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "Technical papers that assess the current state of mining in parts of Latin America, and propose a framework for growth in the mineral sector. Specific coverage for four country groups: Mexico/Venezuela, Chile, Bolivia/Peru, and Argentina/Ecuador/Panama"--Handbook of Latin American Studies, v. 57.

Download or read book Equity in Education written by Oecd and published by . This book was released on 2018-10-29 with total page 192 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In times of growing economic inequality, improving equity in education becomes more urgent. While some countries and economies that participate in the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA) have managed to build education systems where socio-economic status makes less of a difference to students' learning and well-being, every country can do more. Equity in Education: Breaking Down Barriers to Social Mobility shows that high performance and more positive attitudes towards schooling among disadvantaged 15-year-old students are strong predictors of success in higher education and work later on. The report examines how equity in education has evolved over several cycles of the OECD Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). It identifies the policies and practices that can help disadvantaged students succeed academically and feel more engaged at school. Using longitudinal data from five countries (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Switzerland, and the United States), the report also describes the links between a student's performance near the end of compulsory education and upward social mobility - i.e. attaining a higher level of education or working in a higher-status job than one's parents.

Download or read book Applied Chaos and Complexity Theory in Education written by Erçetin, ?efika ?ule and published by IGI Global. This book was released on 2016-05-23 with total page 322 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As a field of mathematical study, chaos and complexity theory analyzes the state of dynamical systems by evaluating how they interact, evolve, and adapt. Though this theory impacts a variety of disciplines, it also has significant influence on educational systems and settings. Applied Chaos and Complexity Theory in Education examines the application of the theories of chaos and complexity in relation to educational systems and institutions. Featuring emergent research and perspectives on mathematical patterns in educational settings and instructional practices, this book is a comprehensive reference source for researchers, scholars, mathematicians, and graduate students.

Download or read book Public Examinations Examined written by Thomas Kellaghan and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-11-19 with total page 298 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: High-stakes public examinations exert a dominant influence in most education systems. They affect both teacher and student behavior, especially at the middle and upper levels of secondary education. The content of past examinations tends to dictate what is taught and how it is taught and, more important, what is learned and how it is learned. By changing aspects of these examinations, especially their content and format, education systems can have a strong positive impact on teacher behavior and student learning, help raise student achievement levels, and better prepare students for tertiary-level education and for employment. Examination agencies, many of which have followed the same procedures over decades, can learn from the successes and failures of other systems. This book addresses current issues related to the development, administration, scoring, and usage of these high-stakes public examinations, identifying key issues and problems related to examinations in many emerging market economies as well as in advanced economies. The book’s primary audience consists of public examination officials on national, regional, and state examination boards, but the book should also be of interest to senior education policy makers concerned with certification and learning achievement standards, to academics and researchers interested in educational assessment, to governmental and education agencies responsible for student selection, and to professionals at development organizations. “This extremely well-written and comprehensive book offers a timely review of the diversity of public examination practices worldwide; of the tensions between examinations and learning; and of the technical expertise involved in the creation of valid, reliable, and fair assessments. It reminds us that as “the diploma disease†? takes hold with an ever-greater intensity at every stage of education worldwide, and the commercial business of testing flourishes, those concerned with educational quality and meaningful learning must be on guard to prevent the assessment tail wagging the educational dog.†? Angela W. Little, Professor Emerita, Institute of Education, University College London “This book is very well structured and written and draws on the authors’ remarkable global knowledge across countries and histories. It will be a great asset both to administrators responsible for examinations and to academics and other professionals who seek to understand the nature and impact of examinations of different types and in different settings.†? Mark Bray, UNESCO Chair Professor of Comparative Education, University of Hong Kong; and former Director, UNESCO International Institute for Educational Planning “I am sure that Public Examinations Examined, which thoroughly analyzes the practice of public examinations in different countries and makes profound and well-grounded conclusions, will arouse very great interest and will serve to further improve public examinations.†? Victor Bolotov, Distinguished Professor, Higher School of Economics, National Research University, Moscow; member, Russian Academy of Education; and former Deputy Minister of Education, Russian Federation

Download or read book OECD Reviews of Evaluation and Assessment in Education Synergies for Better Learning An International Perspective on Evaluation and Assessment written by OECD and published by OECD Publishing. This book was released on 2013-04-11 with total page 721 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report provides an international comparative analysis and policy advice to countries on how evaluation and assessment arrangements can be embedded within a consistent framework to improve the quality, equity and efficiency of school education.