Download or read book Equity Evaluation of Vehicle Miles Traveled Fees in Texas written by Mark Whitman Burris and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 190 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Comprehensive Equity Analysis of Mileage Based User Fees written by Justin David Carlton and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Lack of sustainable revenue generation for transportation infrastructure has created a need for alternative funding sources. The most prominent of which is the Mileage Based User Fee (MBUF), where drivers would be charged based on the number of miles they drive, thus holding them accountable for their use of the roadway. While numerous equity related issues have been addressed, the interrelation of transportation taxation and expenditures on all levels of government (State, County, and Local) is not well understood. Using National Household Travel Survey data and information collected from over one hundred agencies, roadway taxation and expenditures were assigned to individual households in the Houston core based statistical area (CBSA). Using both Gini Coefficients and Theil Indices to analyze equity relationships, the research demonstrated that implementation of a MBUF would not have a pronounced effect on the current distribution of transportation taxation and expenditures, with the number of miles traveled and the total transit ridership remaining mostly unchanged. This also means that the equity of a MBUF is mostly equivalent to the current fuel tax. The relative winners of the current system are rural and high income urban households, while the relative losers are all other urban households. Increasing the MBUF to meet the Texas 2030 Committee recommendations would decrease the average benefit to taxation ratio, causing households to receive less than they pay into the system. Additionally, it would decrease the total number of miles traveled by 22.8% and increase transit ridership by as much as 10.2%. Still, equity of this scenario changed little from the equity of the current transportation funding system. However, excluding public transit expenditures resulted in a statistically significant and undesirable change in the Gini Coefficient, indicating that public transit has a positive impact on equity when considering the transportation system as a whole. Due to relatively flat rate taxes (vehicle registration, property tax, sales tax, etc.), the higher the miles driven, the lower the effective tax is per mile. When miles traveled are decreased by 22.8%, the effective tax per mile increases, which is the reason why the average benefit to taxation ratio was reduced. If transportation related taxation were to shift towards user based methods, then the benefit to taxation ratio should tend towards a value of one, indicating that all users receive exactly the value they pay for. If revenues are increased while the methods of taxation remain the same, low income urban households will be negatively impacted to the greatest degree. The electronic version of this dissertation is accessible from http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/152470

Download or read book Equity Evaluation of Sustainable Mileage based User Fee Scenarios written by Mark Whitman Burris and published by . This book was released on 2013 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Texas state gas tax has been 20 cents per gallon since 1991, and the federal gas tax has been 18.4 cents per gallon since 1993. The gas tax is not only stagnant, but depreciating in value due to inflation. This is forcing some transportation providers to increase their focus on spending for a more sustainable transportation system, thus shifting how tax revenues are spent. One proposed alternative to the gas tax is the creation of a mileage-based user fee (MBUF), which would then shift how revenues are collected. This research examined potential equity impacts of these shifts in the collection and disbursement of transportation funds. This research used 2009 National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) Texas data along with detailed spending estimates from the Texas Department of Transportation to consider the equity impacts surrounding three MBUF and spending scenarios.

Download or read book Examining the Impacts of a Vehicle Miles Traveled Fee for Daily Weekday Travel written by Michael Alexander Moore and published by . This book was released on 2022 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Mileage-based taxes have been suggested as a long-term solution for collecting fees from highway users. Clustering was used to group respondents to an Oregon traveler survey based on daily travel characteristics. State fuel tax and equivalent VMT taxes are assessed to evaluate the change in revenue associated with a switch to a VMT tax structure and potential impacts upon respondent groups. The difference in revenues were evaluated on a per trip, daily trip, and annual basis. Results show that there is little difference in yearly revenues associated with a switch to VMT fee, with all user groups seeing less than 5% increase compared to fuel tax. The VMT fee is found to be marginally more regressive than the fuel tax. Relative to urban households, rural households were less impacted than urban households resulting from a switch to a VMT fee. Alternative fee structures were developed based on state gas tax revenue distribution and yielded results that when accounting for demand responses showed improvements in the regressivity of the VMT fee

Download or read book Environmental Fiscal Challenges for Cities and Transport written by Marta Villar Ezcurra and published by Edward Elgar Publishing. This book was released on 2019 with total page 320 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: As populations become increasingly concentrated in urban centres and mega cities, while demands on transportation continue to grow, the question of how to mitigate the environmental footprint of these trends is ever more pressing. This comprehensive book demonstrates the potentially significant role of environmental taxation and other market-based instruments in meeting these challenges.

Download or read book Evaluation of Selected Human Services Transportation Providers in Texas written by Diane L. Bullard and published by . This book was released on 1980 with total page 52 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Exploratory Study written by Richard Tremain Baker and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 94 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Transportation Policy and Economic Regulation written by John Bitzan and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2018-04-14 with total page 378 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Transportation Policy and Economic Regulation: Essays in Honor of Theodore Keeler addresses a number of today’s important transportation policy issues, exploring a variety of transportation modes, and examining the policy implications of a number of alternatives. Theodore Keeler had a distinguished career in transportation economics, helping to shape regulatory policies concerning the transportation industries and assessing the appropriateness of various policies. A distinguishing feature of his work is that it always had policy implications. As a tribute to Theodore Keeler, this book examines transportation policy issues across a variety of transportation industries, including aviation, railroads, highways, motor carrier transport, automobiles, urban transit, and ocean shipping. The book evaluates the economic impact and effectiveness of various policies, employing empirical analyses and new estimation techniques, such as Bayesian analysis. The book is designed for transportation professionals and researchers, as well as transportation economics students, providing an in-depth analysis of some of today’s important transportation policy issues. Policy changes established in the last 35-40 years have introduced profound changes in the business environment of the transportation industry. Past policy changes promoted the free market’s role in setting prices and determining service availability. While 21st century policy has focused on a variety of other issues, such as safety, road and air congestion, productivity growth, labor relations and exhaust emission, many still promote the role of competition. In addition to examining various transportation policy issues in the U.S., the book explores some approaches to dealing with transportation issues in different parts of the world. Contemporary transportation policy debates have broadened from their initial focus of primarily examining the merits of reforming economic regulations at national levels, to now examining a variety of issues such as alternative methods of social regulation (such as safety regulation and emission controls), new approaches to changing economic regulations, the potential for reforming international regulations, and the appropriate role for government in transportation. Examines transportation policy developments across a variety of modes, including some international analysis Shows how new policy changes, such as changes in regulation, affect overall transportation system performance Features chapters that use innovative methodologies, such as Bayesian techniques, qualitative analysis, and an attribute-incorporated Malmquist productivity index Examines the ways that policy impacts depend on a variety of factors, and shows how economic tools can be used to gain greater insights into the likely impacts of policy and the desirability of various policies Analyzes transport prices, quality of service, safety, the use of information technology and operating issues, highlighting how transportation enhances quality of life

Download or read book The Texas Highway user Tax Structure written by Texas Research League and published by . This book was released on 1957 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Framework and Analytical Approach to Evaluate Alternative Vehicle Miles Traveled VMT Fee Systems written by Elizabeth V. Ebacher and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 100 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the fuel tax is a dwindling source of revenue, states need to find alternative funding sources. A vehicle miles traveled (VMT) fee has received serious consideration from a number of states and the federal government. What is missing from the VMT fee consideration is a framework for developing VMT fee systems and an analytical approach with which to study how well a proposed system conforms to the policies promulgated in the framework. This research strives to fill that void. The framework developed presents five areas of importance in VMT fee systems: 1. Revenue sufficiency; 2. Revenue stability; 3. Environmental Justice; 4. Low implementation cost; and 5. Security and privacy preservation. The analytical approach consists of two methods: 1. Use of NPV in order to evaluate the cost/benefit position of a proposed VMT fee system with respect to monetary and non-monetary but monetizable aspects; and 2. Use of an Index to evaluate all other aspects. To demonstrate the application of the framework and analytical approach, four VMT system designs were formulated, analyzed, and then compared to each other and to the fuel tax. The four VMT fee system designs are: 1. Alternative A where the total annual VMT is determined at the state inspection and charged for those miles; 2. Alternative B where the out-of-state VMT is deducted from the total annual VMT as determined at the annual state inspection and the fee charged for in-state VMT only; 3. Alternative C where a fee matrix is applied to GPS reported trip data so that fees may vary based on time and locale; and 4. Alternative D where there is a strategic implementation of Alternatives A, B, and C in that order and with two years separating the implementations. If added revenue is the main goal, then Alternative A is the best choice by being the lowest cost. If added revenue and the provision of a better strategy for alleviating such conditions as congestion, noise or air pollution or charging for higher quality roadways, then Alternatives C or D is the best fit. Alternative B performs best as a stepping-stone in Alternative D. All alternatives have better revenue sufficiency and stability than the fuel tax. The fuel tax exceeds all alternatives with respect to security and privacy preservation since no data, personal or otherwise, is recorded. Since security and privacy preservation are considered the weakest aspects of most VMT fee collection systems, added attention must be applied to incorporating design elements that cover aspects where breaches are possible such as in any data transmission, any computational and database processing, and billing/payment functions. The next step beyond this work is to study the construction of the fee matrix and exercise its use either in simulation or with actual data as collected by a state's department of transportation.

Download or read book A More Perfect User Fee written by Heath Hansen and published by . This book was released on 2015 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The United States is currently facing a highway funding crisis. Both federal and state transportation budgets are under mounting duress as road maintenance and construction costs continue to outpace revenues each year. While a number of factors contribute to this problem, one of the primary causes is the inherently flawed nature of gas taxes, which provide the vast majority of revenues for the nation0́9s surface transportation system. In response to growing budgetary shortfalls and the increasingly apparent shortcomings of gas taxes, state and federal policymakers have begun searching for an alternative approach to funding and financing roads. Recently, a concept known as a vehicle miles traveled (VMT) fee has gained popularity among transportation policy experts and policymakers as a potential replacement for the gas tax. Under a VMT fee system, drivers pay for their actual road use instead of, as now, for the motor fuel they consume. Although the concept is new and there exists very little real-world experience with a VMT fee, several pilot studies conducted within the last decade in the United States have demonstrated their potential as a viable, long-term solution to the nation0́9s road funding challenges. In this paper, I examine the concept of VMT fees and evaluate specific VMT fee systems that have been proposed as alternatives to the gas tax. I begin with an overview of the current gas tax system in the United States and then discuss its advantages and disadvantages as well as why it is not a sustainable funding mechanism going forward. In the second section, I examine the general concept of a VMT fee, including its potential benefits, costs, and the challenges associated with transitioning from the gas tax to a VMT fee. Section three outlines seven essential criteria that specific VMT proposals should meet in order to be considered a viable alternative. In the fourth section, I evaluate four different VMT fee proposals that have been 2 tested in pilot studies in the United States based on the six criteria spelled out in Section 3. In section 5, I compare and contrast the four proposals and discuss their relative advantages and disadvantages. Section 6 concludes with recommendations for implementing a VMT fee in the United States.

Download or read book Vehicle Miles Traveled VMT Fees written by Richard Tremain Baker and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Fuel taxes are the primary source of funding for state and federal transportation programs and have been for well over 80 years. However, the long term viability of this revenue source is in question. The development of more fuel efficient engine technologies and growth in vehicles that do not run on taxable fuels (such as gasoline and diesel) have reduced fuel consumption. While this is beneficial from an energy independence and air quality perspective, it means that less and less revenue is generated in fuel taxes to expand and maintain the nation's infrastructure. Many states are looking at funding alternatives to the fuel tax. Among the most promising are fees directly related to use. Such road use fees have many different names but their defining characteristic is that they are a fee levied based on distance traveled. However, other facets of use such as vehicle weight or time-of-day could be factored into the fee rate. This paper summarizes recent research efforts undertaken at the state level to research and, in one case, implement road user charging systems as a replacement funding mechanism for the fuel tax. This paper also presents a brief overview of recently filed federal legislation related to road user charging and discusses a few collaborative multistate initiatives.

Download or read book Focus on Vehicle Miles Traveled Fees written by Sean Slone and published by . This book was released on 2010 with total page 12 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Mileage based User Fees written by Richard Tremain Baker and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page 28 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Feasibility of Mileage based User Fees written by and published by . This book was released on 2008 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Urban Transportation Abstracts written by and published by . This book was released on 1982 with total page 596 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book A Comprehensive Review of Critical Issues on Transitioning to a Vehicle Miles Traveled Fee System written by Dimitra Maragakis and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page 128 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Due to increased vehicle fuel efficiency, electric vehicles, inflation, and the fuel tax not being raised in the past 20 years, the Highway Trust Fund has been unable to cover the costs associated with expanding and maintaining the transportation system. Despite improved construction methods, better planning and superior materials, municipalities cannot keep up with wear and tear on roadways, let alone keep up with future expansion. There is simply not enough revenue to support the roadway system. This shortfall has led experts to look for alternative solutions to the current major method of funding the Highway Trust Fund: the fuel tax. The most attractive solution to emerge is the Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) fee. A VMT fee is an answer to many of the current problems facing fuel taxes such as increased fuel efficiency in vehicles, the rise in hybrids and electric vehicles, and responding to inflation. The VMT fee has been recommended by a number of professionals and experts as a complete replacement for the current fuel tax for these reasons. However, there are many obstacles to this attractive alternative including perception, administration, and implementation. The purpose of this study is to provide a thorough literature review of several states' approaches to the VMT fee, address prominent issues and concerns associated with the VMT fee, and provide several transition schemes which would minimize the concerns of the public, motorists, and decision-makers. It was found that allowing the motorist to choose the VMT fee collection system eases privacy concerns and thus has less resistance when passing the fee through legislation. It was found that allowing for a longer transition phase will be most desirable, because the user will have the option of paying the VMT fee or the fuel tax.