Download or read book Equality Citizenship and Segregation written by M. Merry and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-18 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Merry argues that most voluntary separation experiments in education are not driven by a sense of racial, cultural or religious superiority. Rather, they are driven among other things by a desire for quality education, not to mention community membership and self respect.

Download or read book Equal Citizenship Civil Rights and the Constitution written by Christopher Green and published by Routledge. This book was released on 2015-11-19 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Privileges or Immunities Clause of the Fourteenth Amendment is arguably the most historically important clause of the most significant part of the US Constitution. Designed to be a central guarantor of civil rights and civil liberties following Reconstruction, this clause could have been at the center of most of the country's constitutional controversies, not only during Reconstruction, but in the modern period as well; yet for a variety of historical reasons, including precedent-setting narrow interpretations, the Privileges or Immunities Clause has been cast aside by the Supreme Court. This book investigates the Clause in a textualist-originalist manner, an approach increasingly popular among both academics and judges, to examine the meanings actually expressed by the text in its original context. Arguing for a revival of the Privileges or Immunities Clause, author Christopher Green lays the groundwork for assessing the originalist credentials of such areas of law as school segregation, state action, sex discrimination, incorporation of the Bill of Rights against states, the relationship between tradition and policy analysis in assessing fundamental rights, and the Fourteenth Amendment rights of corporations and aliens. Thoroughly argued and historically well-researched, this book demonstrates that the Privileges or Immunities Clause protects liberty and equality, and it will be of interest to legal academics, American legal historians, and anyone interested in American constitutional history.

Download or read book Integrations written by Lawrence Blum and published by University of Chicago Press. This book was released on 2021-05-11 with total page 277 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The promise of a free, high-quality public education is supposed to guarantee every child a shot at the American dream. But our widely segregated schools mean that many children of color do not have access to educational opportunities equal to those of their white peers. In Integrations, historian Zoë Burkholder and philosopher Lawrence Blum investigate what this country’s long history of school segregation means for achieving just and equitable educational opportunities in the United States. Integrations focuses on multiple marginalized groups in American schooling: African Americans, Native Americans, Latinxs, and Asian Americans. The authors show that in order to grapple with integration in a meaningful way, we must think of integration in the plural, both in its multiple histories and in the many possible definitions of and courses of action for integration. Ultimately, the authors show, integration cannot guarantee educational equality and justice, but it is an essential component of civic education that prepares students for life in our multiracial democracy.

Download or read book Desegregation and the Rhetorical Fight for African American Citizenship Rights written by Sally F. Paulson and published by Rowman & Littlefield. This book was released on 2018-06-21 with total page 217 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Focusing on the NAACP’s twentieth-century attempt to overturn the “separate but equal” doctrine through school desegregation cases, Desegregation and the Rhetorical Fight for African American Citizenship Rights analyzes the rhetorical/legal dynamics inherent in the struggle to determine African American citizenship rights. This book begins by identifying the fundamental dialectical tension existing within all American citizenship rights between the Declaration of Independence’s guarantee of “ideal equality” to all citizens as opposed to the Constitution’s privileging of local, “practical” decision-making through Article IV Sect. 2, the “privileges and immunities” clause. It contends that as a consequence of that dynamic, American citizenship rights are rhetorical concepts produced through argument grounded in “all the available means of persuasion,” including logical, emotional, and ethical appeals. Ultimately, this book demonstrates that the school desegregation issue came down to a question of credibility/ethics. Recommended for scholars interested in communication, law, history, political science, and cultural studies.

Download or read book Equality Citizenship and Segregation written by M. Merry and published by Springer. This book was released on 2016-01-18 with total page 227 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Merry argues that most voluntary separation experiments in education are not driven by a sense of racial, cultural or religious superiority. Rather, they are driven among other things by a desire for quality education, not to mention community membership and self respect.

Download or read book The Mexican American Experience in Texas written by Martha Menchaca and published by University of Texas Press. This book was released on 2022-01-11 with total page 353 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A historical overview of Mexican Americans' social and economic experiences in Texas For hundreds of years, Mexican Americans in Texas have fought against political oppression and exclusion—in courtrooms, in schools, at the ballot box, and beyond. Through a detailed exploration of this long battle for equality, this book illuminates critical moments of both struggle and triumph in the Mexican American experience. Martha Menchaca begins with the Spanish settlement of Texas, exploring how Mexican Americans’ racial heritage limited their incorporation into society after the territory’s annexation. She then illustrates their political struggles in the nineteenth century as they tried to assert their legal rights of citizenship and retain possession of their land, and goes on to explore their fight, in the twentieth century, against educational segregation, jury exclusion, and housing covenants. It was only in 1967, she shows, that the collective pressure placed on the state government by Mexican American and African American activists led to the beginning of desegregation. Menchaca concludes with a look at the crucial roles that Mexican Americans have played in national politics, education, philanthropy, and culture, while acknowledging the important work remaining to be done in the struggle for equality.

Download or read book Belonging to America written by Kenneth L. Karst and published by . This book was released on 1991-01-01 with total page 340 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The notion of equality in the American system is explored through individual discussions of race, sex, religion, ethnic background asking the question who belongs?

Download or read book Racial Taxation written by Camille Walsh and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2018-02-02 with total page 251 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the United States, it is quite common to lay claim to the benefits of society by appealing to "taxpayer citizenship--the idea that, as taxpayers, we deserve access to certain social services like a public education. Tracing the genealogy of this concept, Camille Walsh shows how tax policy and taxpayer identity were built on the foundations of white supremacy and intertwined with ideas of whiteness. From the origins of unequal public school funding after the Civil War through school desegregation cases from Brown v. Board of Education to San Antonio v. Rodriguez in the 1970s, this study spans over a century of racial injustice, dramatic courtroom clashes, and white supremacist backlash to collective justice claims. Incorporating letters from everyday individuals as well as the private notes of Supreme Court justices as they deliberated, Walsh reveals how the idea of a "taxpayer" identity contributed to the contemporary crises of public education, racial disparity, and income inequality.

Download or read book Greater Than Equal written by Sarah Caroline Thuesen and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2013 with total page 386 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Greater than Equal: African American Struggles for Schools and Citizenship in North Carolina, 1919-1965

Download or read book Strategies of Segregation written by David G. García and published by Univ of California Press. This book was released on 2018-01-02 with total page 295 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: "This book examines a century of segregation in the California town of Oxnard. It focuses on designs for education that reproduced inequity as a routine matter. For Oxnard's white elite there was never a question of whether to segregate Mexicans, and later Blacks, but how to do so effectively and permanently. David G. García explores what the author calls mundane racism--the systematic subordination of minorities enacted as a commonplace way of conducting business within and beyond schools."--Provided by publisher.

Download or read book The U S Civil Rights Movement The Fight for Equality written by Carole Marsh and published by Gallopade International. This book was released on 2011-03-01 with total page 36 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The 22-book American Milestone series is featured as "Retailers Recommended Fabulous Products" in the August 2012 edition of Educational Dealer magazine. This books points out that "...All are created equal." Thomas Jefferson wrote these words in our nation's Declaration of Independence. Yet for many years, these words did not apply to "all men" or all women. Many Americans were not treated with the same civil rights as others. The Civil Rights movement had roots with the abolitionists who worked to end slavery and the "Conductors" of the Underground Railroad. But many were working for civil rights even before the Emancipation Proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment. The Civil Rights Movement changed America during the twentieth century. It brought an end to segregation, unfair voting practices, and other unfair treatments of minorities in the United States. Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr. led many Americans to realize that the country needed a Civil Rights Movement so that all men and women could really be equal! How did Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr. contribute to the Civil Rights Movement? How did the Civil Rights Movement change the United States? When did the Civil Rights Movement end? Is it still going on? Look inside to learn more about the Civil Rights Movement means for American today! This 32-page book is reproducible and educational. A partial list of the Table of Contents include: A Timeline of Events The Fight for Equality: The U.S. Civil Rights Movement Revolutionary Rights! The Underground Railroad Lincoln Against Slavery Women Fight for Equal Rights Indian Citizenship Act Tuskegee Airman Freedom Rights March on Washington Civil Rights Leaders Additional Resources Glossary And More! This fun-fill activity book includes: Build a Paper Airplane Make an Origami Peace Dove! Fact or Opinion Fill in the Blank Chronological Order Answer the Questions And Much More!

Download or read book Greater than Equal written by Sarah Caroline Thuesen and published by UNC Press Books. This book was released on 2013-08-01 with total page 385 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the half century preceding widespread school integration, black North Carolinians engaged in a dramatic struggle for equal educational opportunity as segregated schooling flourished. Drawing on archival records and oral histories, Sarah Thuesen gives voice to students, parents, teachers, school officials, and civic leaders to reconstruct this high-stakes drama. She explores how African Americans pressed for equality in curricula, higher education, teacher salaries, and school facilities; how white officials co-opted equalization as a means of forestalling integration; and, finally, how black activism for equality evolved into a fight for something "greater than equal--integrated schools that served as models of civic inclusion. These battles persisted into the Brown era, mobilized black communities, narrowed material disparities, fostered black school pride, and profoundly shaped the eventual movement for desegregation. Thuesen emphasizes that the remarkable achievements of this activism should not obscure the inherent limitations of a fight for equality in a segregated society. In fact, these unresolved struggles are emblematic of fault lines that developed across the South, and serve as an urgent reminder of the inextricable connections between educational equality, racial diversity, and the achievement of first-class citizenship.

Download or read book Is Separate Unequal written by Albert Leon Samuels and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 266 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this critique of the liberal perspective on desegregation, Samuels leads readers from the Brown decision to Green v. School Board of New Kent County and on to United States v. Fordice to show how the future of public black universities has been left uncertain at best. For Samuels, economic equality, not segregation, remains the primary obstacle to fully realized citizenship for African Americans. He argues that African Americans' pursuit of equality in higher education can be achieved without defunding programs at these schools and that their funding should be increased in recognition of their role in preserving African American culture.

Download or read book The Fight for Equality The U S Civil Rights Movement Hardcover written by Carole Marsh and published by . This book was released on 2004-04 with total page 32 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This books points out that All are created equal. Thomas Jefferson wrote these words in our nation's Declaration of Independence. Yet for many years, these words did not apply to all men or all women. Many Americans were not treated with the same civil rights as others. The Civil Rights movement had roots with the abolitionists who worked to end slavery and the Conductors of the Underground Railroad. But many were working for civil rights even before the Emancipation Proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment. The Civil Rights Movement changed America during the twentieth century. It brought an end to segregation, unfair voting practices, and other unfair treatments of minorities in the United States. Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr. led many Americans to realize that the country needed a Civil Rights Movement so that all men and women could really be equal! How did Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr. contribute to the Civil Rights Movement? How did the Civil Rights Movement change the United States? When did the Civil Rights Movement end? Is it still going on? Look inside to learn more about the Civil Rights Movement means for American today! This 32-page book is reproducible and educational. A partial list of the Table of Contents include: A Timeline of Events The Fight for Equality: The U.S. Civil Rights Movement Revolutionary Rights! The Underground Railroad Lincoln Against Slavery Women Fight for Equal Rights Indian Citizenship Act Tuskegee Airman Freedom Rights March on Washington Civil Rights Leaders Additional Resources Glossary And More! This fun-fill activity book includes: Build a Paper Airplane Make an Origami Peace Dove! Fact or Opinion Fill in the Blank Chronological Order Answer the Questions And Much More!

Download or read book The Concepts of Freedom and Equality in the American Constitution written by Jan Geisler and published by GRIN Verlag. This book was released on 2008-12 with total page 102 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Thesis (M.A.) from the year 2003 in the subject American Studies - Culture and Applied Geography, grade: 1,3, Humboldt-University of Berlin (Philosophische Fakultät II - Institut für Anglistik und Amerikanistik), language: English, abstract: Als 1791 die US-amerikanische Verfassung mit den ersten zehn Zusätzen versehen wurde, stellte einer ihrer wichtigsten Grundsätze die Freiheit des Einzelnen dar. Um die politische Einheit der Bundesstaaten zu erreichen, mußten bereits bei der Ausarbeitung der Verfassung weitreichende Kompromisse eingegangen werden. Sie führten letztlich zum Abspalten der Südstaaten und zu einem Bürgerkrieg. Dessen ursprüngliches Motiv war der Erhalt der Union. Als Resultat formulieren wir heute die Abschaffung der Sklaverei und die Neuordnung der Vereinigten Staaten auf der Basis von neuen Prinzipien, die nicht mehr vordergründig die Freiheit des Einzelnen gegenüber der Regierung betonten, sondern die Gleichheit vor dem Gesetz. An dieser Stelle setzt das Thema meiner Arbeit an. Ziel ist eine Beschreibung der Notwendigkeit eines Paradigmawechsels von Freiheit zu Gleichheit. Vor dem Hintergrund der unterschiedlichen sozialen Situation von Afroamerikanern und Weißen in den Vereinigten Staaten, die, wie gezeigt wird, eine Folge von Sklaverei und Rassentrennung sind, wird das Konzept von Freiheit mit dem Konzept von Gleichheit in Beziehung gesetzt. Das schließt einen Exkurs in die Ideengeschichte dieser Konzepte und der amerikanischen Verfassung ein. Darüber hinaus erfolgt eine Beschreibung der unterschiedlichen Lebenswelten von Weißen und Afroamerikanern damals und heute und eine Analyse der Faktoren, die zu dieser Situation führten. Einen großen Raum der Arbeit nimmt die Herausbildung und Wahrnehmung der Konflikte ein, die sich auf Grund der propagierten Ziele der Revolution und der begrenzten Möglichkeiten zu ihrer Durchsetzung ergaben. Sklaverei wird in diesem Zusammenhang als die Institution beschrieben, die maßgeblich zur Herausbildung und Wahrn

Download or read book Unequal Freedom written by Evelyn Nakano Glenn and published by Harvard University Press. This book was released on 2004-04-15 with total page 319 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The inequalities that persist in America have deep historical roots. Evelyn Nakano Glenn untangles this complex history in a unique comparative regional study from the end of Reconstruction to the eve of World War II. During this era the country experienced enormous social and economic changes with the abolition of slavery, rapid territorial expansion, and massive immigration, and struggled over the meaning of free labor and the essence of citizenship as people who previously had been excluded sought the promise of economic freedom and full political rights. After a lucid overview of the concepts of the free worker and the independent citizen at the national level, Glenn vividly details how race and gender issues framed the struggle over labor and citizenship rights at the local level between blacks and whites in the South, Mexicans and Anglos in the Southwest, and Asians and haoles (the white planter class) in Hawaii. She illuminates the complex interplay of local and national forces in American society and provides a dynamic view of how labor and citizenship were defined, enforced, and contested in a formative era for white-nonwhite relations in America.

Download or read book 50 Years After Brown written by Anthony Asadullah Samad and published by . This book was released on 2005 with total page 470 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Offers a history of the African American struggle for equality, looking at executive, legislative, and judicial actions that have impacted the pursuit of equality.