Download or read book Enzymes in Carbohydrate Synthesis written by Mark D. Bednarski and published by . This book was released on 1991 with total page 152 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Not only assessing the past, present, and future uses of enzymes to synthesize carbohydrates, this volume also illustrates the significance of carbohydrate chemistry and describes how the combination and use of modern enzyme chemistry can advance exploration in the field. Details research at the interface of chemistry and biology for carbohydrate chemistry by demonstrating how to integrate chemical reactions and biological techniques that can be used to synthesize complex bioactive monosaccharides, oligosaccarides, and glycoconjugates. Of particular interest are chapters by George Whitesides and Chi-Huey Wong covering the use of enzymes in monosaccharide synthesis, and Hindsgaul, Thiem, Nilsson, and Whitesides describing the use of activated sugar nucleosides and glycosyltransferases in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and polysaccharides.
Download or read book Enzymes in Carbohydrate Synthesis written by John Robert Durrwachter and published by . This book was released on 1988 with total page 352 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Enzymes in Carbohydrate Synthesis written by Chun-Hung Lin and published by . This book was released on 1995 with total page 334 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In this thesis, the synthetic utility of enzymes as catalysts for carbohydrate synthesis was explored. Sialic acid aldolase was applied to make high-carbon monosaccharides. This study included the discovery that re face attack on the acceptor carbonyl was observed toward scL-sugar substrates, instead of si face attack toward scD-sugar substrates; i.e., the opposite stereoselectivity occurred with enantiomeric substrates. Examination of the product distribution during the course of enzymatic reactions revealed that the stereoselectivity is thermodynamically controlled. CTP: CMP-3-deoxy- scD-manno-octulosonate cytidylyltransferase (CMP-KDO synthetase) was prepared for the synthesis of cytidine 5'-monophospho-3- deoxy- scD-manno-octulosonic acid (CMP-KDO) and analogs. The nature product of the enzyme, CMP-KDO, is unstable. Of several KDO analogs tested as substrates for this enzyme, 5-fluoro-2-keto-3,5-dideoxyoctulosonic acid (5-FKDO) was found to be a good substrate. The synthesis and characterization of the product, CMP-5-FKDO, represents the first stable CMP-KDO analog prepared enzymatically to date. A mechanism was proposed to explain the instability of CMP-KDO. A sialyl Lewis x dimer was synthesized enzymatically in three steps from an N-linked oligosaccharide prepared from egg yolk. Treatment of delipidated hen egg yolk with the protease orientase and neuraminidase gave a dimeric N- acetyllactosamine-containing oligosaccharide linked to asparagine. Addition of sialic acid and fucose catalyzed by [alpha]-2,3-sialyltransferase and [alpha]-1,3-fucosyltransferase provided the dimeric sialyl Lewis x, an active inhibitor of E-selectin with IC50 of 0.75 mM. In the enzymatic sulfation of polyfunctional biomolecules, 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phospho sulfate (PAPS) is a key intermediate and cofactor. In order to accomplish the regioselective sulfation of oligosaccharides, ATP sulfurylase, APS kinase, and Nod factor sulfotransferase were cloned and overexpressed in Escherichia coli. The first two enzymes were used in the mmol-scale synthesis of PAPS with regeneration of ATP. Additionally, PAPS was further used in the enzymatic sulfation of N,N'-diacetylchitobiose catalyzed by a recombinant Nod factor sulfotransferase, which was coupled with regeneration of PAPS from 3'-phosphoadenosine-5'-phosphate (PAP).
Download or read book Novel enzymes for functional carbohydrates production written by Wanmeng Mu and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2021-03-20 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book focuses on the latest research and new techniques in the field of functional carbohydrate-related enzymes. Carbohydrates are a key form of energy for most organisms. The “good” carbohydrates generally refer to functional carbohydrates. In addition to the low or moderate energy-supplying function, they have more nutritious value than traditional carbohydrates and some of them also have health-promoting effects especially prebiotic actions. Several enzymatic methods for the synthesis of such carbohydrates have been discovered and developed in the recent decades, providing a new range of application areas for these novel enzymes. This book addresses the classification of functional carbohydrate-related enzymes and the overall development in food enzyme in Chapter 1. Chapters 2-5 describe the isomerases or epimerases involved in the production of rare sugars, such as D-allulose, D-mannose, D-tagatose, and D-allose. While the studies of the enzymes related to fructo-oligosaccharides (FOS) and galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) dominate the scientific literature in the field of enzymatic production of health-functional oligosaccharides, some enzymes also show promise for the emerging oligosaccharide production, which are introduced in Chapters 6-8. Chapters 9-12 summarize the new enzymatic technologies and applications in fructan- and glycan-related industries. The last Chapter gives an overall prospective on the trends of enzymatic functional carbohydrate production. This book is a valuable resource for researchers and graduate students in the fields of biotechnology, enzyme engineering, and carbohydrate production, as well as the health industry.
Download or read book Enzymes in Synthetic Organic Chemistry written by Chi-Huey Wong and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1994-07 with total page 392 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Covering the recent development in enzymatic organic synthesis, this text focuses on the use of isolated enzymes. It includes a discussion of the characteristics of enzymes as catalysts and different types of chemical transformations.
Download or read book Modern Methods in Carbohydrate Synthesis written by Shaheer H. Khan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2020-08-26 with total page 580 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Modern Methods in Carbohydrate Synthesis presents in one volume a sequence of chapters leading from classical methods through to today's newest state-of -the-art technology for oligosaccharide synthesis. It places particular emphasis on the most recent breakthroughs in the field, including emerging technologies for both oligosaccharide and glycoconjugate synthesis. Chapters describing the synthesis of increasingly important glycosidic linkage analogs, as well as the oligosaccharides containing derivatives and analogs of natural sugars are included. While chemical-synthetic methods constitute the major part of the book, completing the volume is a section on the rapidly expanding and important field of enzymatic synthesis, also covering combined chemical and enzymatic synthesis. Chapters are written by leading experts in the field. Wherever possible, methods of synthesis are provided in sufficient detail to allow the reader to implement the techniques described. More than 1700 references are provided in the 21 chapters comprising the book. This volume should provide a wealth of information to a large number of synthetic organic chemists, medicinal chemists, protein chemists, biochemists, glycobiologists and cell biologists, including students in these fields.
Download or read book Carbohydrate Bioengineering written by Tuula T Teeri and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 208 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbohydrate bioengineering is a rapidly expanding field with many applications in medicine and industry. Presenting state-of-the-art research, Carbohydrate Bioengineering: Interdisciplinary Approaches brings together international experts on many different aspects of this burgeoning topic. Coverage includes: the engineering of glycosidases for constructive purposes; structure-function studies and protein engineering of carbohydrate-active enzymes; chemo-enzymatic carbohydrate synthesis; and trends emerging from comprehensive work on genomes and glycomes. This timely publication will be welcomed by all those needing access to the latest research in the field, including practitioners in the medicinal, chemical, food and pharmaceutical areas.
Download or read book Carbohydrate Chemistry written by John F Kennedy and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 642 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbohydrate Chemistry provides review coverage of all publications relevant to the chemistry of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in a given year. The amount of research in this field appearing in the organic chemical literature is increasing because of the enhanced importance of the subject, especially in areas of medicinal chemistry and biology. In no part of the field is this more apparent than in the synthesis of oligosaccharides required by scientists working in glycobiology. Clycomedicinal chemistry and its reliance on carbohydrate synthesis is now very well established, for example, by the preparation of specific carbohydrate- based antigens, especially cancer-specific oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Coverage of topics such as nucleosides, amino-sugars, alditols and cyclitols also covers much research of relevance to biological and medicinal chemistry. Each volume of the series brings together references to all published work in given areas of the subject and serves as a comprehensive database for the active research chemist Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject areas, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, with regular, in-depth accounts of progress in particular fields of chemistry. Subject coverage within different volumes of a given title is similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis.
Download or read book Carbohydrate Active Enzymes written by Stefano Benini and published by MDPI. This book was released on 2020-06-18 with total page 408 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbohydrate-active enzymes are responsible for both biosynthesis and the breakdown of carbohydrates and glycoconjugates. They are involved in many metabolic pathways; in the biosynthesis and degradation of various biomolecules, such as bacterial exopolysaccharides, starch, cellulose and lignin; and in the glycosylation of proteins and lipids. Carbohydrate-active enzymes are classified into glycoside hydrolases, glycosyltransferases, polysaccharide lyases, carbohydrate esterases, and enzymes with auxiliary activities (CAZy database, www.cazy.org). Glycosyltransferases synthesize a huge variety of complex carbohydrates with different degrees of polymerization, moieties and branching. On the other hand, complex carbohydrate breakdown is carried out by glycoside hydrolases, polysaccharide lyases and carbohydrate esterases. Their interesting reactions have attracted the attention of researchers across scientific fields, ranging from basic research to biotechnology. Interest in carbohydrate-active enzymes is due not only to their ability to build and degrade biopolymers—which is highly relevant in biotechnology—but also because they are involved in bacterial biofilm formation, and in glycosylation of proteins and lipids, with important health implications. This book gathers new research results and reviews to broaden our understanding of carbohydrate-active enzymes, their mutants and their reaction products at the molecular level.
Download or read book Synthesis of Carbohydrates Through Biotechnology written by Peng George Wang and published by . This book was released on 2004 with total page 214 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Synthesis of Carbohydrates Through Biotechnology describes rapid developing and cutting-edge new technologies in glycoscience. These new approaches combine advantages of molecular biology, genetic engineering and chemistry, and provide access to synthetic carbohydrates.
Download or read book Carbohydrates written by Helen Osborn and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2003-04-22 with total page 453 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: There is a vast and often bewildering array of synthetic methods and reagents available to organic chemists today. The Best Synthetic Methods series allows the practising synthetic chemist to choose between all the alternatives and assess their real advantages and limitations. Each chapter in Carbohydrates details a particular theme associated with carbohydrate synthesis. A brief review of the subject area is provided, but the emphasis in all cases is on describing efficient practical methods to effect the transformations described. In order for the roles of carbohydrates to be thoroughly analysed and assessed, glycobiologists require access to defined target carbohydrates in useful quantities. Thus carbohydrates and glycoconjugates are now recognized as important targets for total synthesis programmes and it is essential to develop efficient regio- and stereoselective methods for the synthesis of carbohydrates. Whilst carbohydrates can sometimes be isolated from natural sources, synthetic strategies often offer the advantage of allowing access to larger quantities of material as well as entry to analogues of the natural carbohydrates. The latest volume in the long standing Best Synthetic Methods series Clear chapter by chapter breakdown of carbohydrate synthesis themes with examples of good practical methods for common carbohydrate syntheses
Download or read book Carbohydrate Chemistry written by J S Brimacombe and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 502 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbohydrate Chemistry provides review coverage of all publications relevant to the chemistry of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in a given year. The amount of research in this field appearing in the organic chemical literature is increasing because of the enhanced importance of the subject, especially in areas of medicinal chemistry and biology. In no part of the field is this more apparent than in the synthesis of oligosaccharides required by scientists working in glycobiology. Clycomedicinal chemistry and its reliance on carbohydrate synthesis is now very well established, for example, by the preparation of specific carbohydrate- based antigens, especially cancer-specific oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Coverage of topics such as nucleosides, amino-sugars, alditols and cyclitols also covers much research of relevance to biological and medicinal chemistry. Each volume of the series brings together references to all published work in given areas of the subject and serves as a comprehensive database for the active research chemist Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject areas, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, with regular, in-depth accounts of progress in particular fields of chemistry. Subject coverage within different volumes of a given title is similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis.
Download or read book Enzyme in Carbohydrate Synthesis Hydrolysis and Remodeling written by 蔡宗義 and published by . This book was released on 2014 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Carbohydrate Chemistry written by John F Kennedy and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 560 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbohydrate Chemistry provides review coverage of all publications relevant to the chemistry of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in a given year. The amount of research in this field appearing in the organic chemical literature is increasing because of the enhanced importance of the subject, especially in areas of medicinal chemistry and biology. In no part of the field is this more apparent than in the synthesis of oligosaccharides required by scientists working in glycobiology. Clycomedicinal chemistry and its reliance on carbohydrate synthesis is now very well established, for example, by the preparation of specific carbohydrate- based antigens, especially cancer-specific oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Coverage of topics such as nucleosides, amino-sugars, alditols and cyclitols also covers much research of relevance to biological and medicinal chemistry. Each volume of the series brings together references to all published work in given areas of the subject and serves as a comprehensive database for the active research chemist Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject areas, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, with regular, in-depth accounts of progress in particular fields of chemistry. Subject coverage within different volumes of a given title is similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis.
Download or read book Carbohydrate Active Enzymes written by K.-H. Park and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2008-09-23 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Recent advances in biochemistry and biotechnology have enabled significant progress in basic research on carbohydrate-active enzymes and advances in their effective application. The mechanism of catalytic reaction of carbohydrate-active enzymes is not fully understood, though, as they often show unusual substrate specificity and modes of action. This comprehensive collection summarises some of the most important research in the field of carbohydrate-active enzymes, focusing on the enzymatic reaction mechanism, structure-function relationship and role in the living organismThe book is based on papers presented in the 2008 Agricultural Biotechnology Symposium Carbohydrate-active enzymes: structure, function and applications held on September 26th-27th 2008 in Seoul National University, Korea. This symposium was organized by the Center for Agricultural Biomaterials, Seoul National University, Korea, which has organized symposia on agricultural biotechnology annually since 1990. Many important results on new types of carbohydrate-active enzymes and their applications have been reported at these meetings. Papers in Part one of this collection focus on structure-function relationships of carbohydrate-active enzymes. Papers in Part two discuss functions and applications of carbohydrate-active enzymes, such as enzymes for grain processing and glycosidases and their mutants as useful tools for glycoside synthesis.With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Carbohydrate-active enzymes: structure, function and applications is an essential reference for research scientists, post-graduate students and those in the food industry with an interest in enzymes. Summarises some of the most important research in the field of carbohydrate-active enzymes Covers topics ranging from enzyme classification and structural elucidation to applications of enzymes in food processing and other industries
Download or read book Carbohydrate Synthesis written by Clay S. Bennett and published by American Chemical Society. This book was released on 2023-12-18 with total page 247 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Approaching carbohydrate chemistry for the first time can be daunting as basic information is often buried in texts intended for advanced practitioners in the field. This brief primer attempts to bridge that gap. Chapter 1 introduces the basics of carbohydrate structure. Chapter 2 introduces the various roles carbohydrates play in biology. Chapter 3 discusses the glycosylation reaction used to assemble oligosaccharides along with a survey of commonly used glycosyl donors. Chapter 4 discusses commonly used protecting groups. Chapter 5 covers advances in automating the carbohydrate synthesis. Chapter 6 introduces the role of enzymes in the synthesis of homogeneous carbohydrates and glycoproteins. The authors hope this primer will introduce the uninitiated to the challenges and beauty of carbohydrate synthesis and inspire them to bring a new perspective and new advances to the field. Only by doing so will we, as a community of synthetic chemists, be able to tame one of the last and arguably most complex areas of chemical space to create new advances in human health.
Download or read book Carbohydrate Chemistry written by John F Kennedy and published by Royal Society of Chemistry. This book was released on 2007-10-31 with total page 764 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Carbohydrate Chemistry provides review coverage of all publications relevant to the chemistry of monosaccharides and oligosaccharides in a given year. The amount of research in this field appearing in the organic chemical literature is increasing because of the enhanced importance of the subject, especially in areas of medicinal chemistry and biology. In no part of the field is this more apparent than in the synthesis of oligosaccharides required by scientists working in glycobiology. Clycomedicinal chemistry and its reliance on carbohydrate synthesis is now very well established, for example, by the preparation of specific carbohydrate- based antigens, especially cancer-specific oligosaccharides and glycoconjugates. Coverage of topics such as nucleosides, amino-sugars, alditols and cyclitols also covers much research of relevance to biological and medicinal chemistry. Each volume of the series brings together references to all published work in given areas of the subject and serves as a comprehensive database for the active research chemist Specialist Periodical Reports provide systematic and detailed review coverage in major areas of chemical research. Compiled by teams of leading authorities in the relevant subject areas, the series creates a unique service for the active research chemist, with regular, in-depth accounts of progress in particular fields of chemistry. Subject coverage within different volumes of a given title is similar and publication is on an annual or biennial basis.
