Download or read book Environmental Effects of Saline Oil field Discharges on Surface Waters written by Ann M. Boelter and published by . This book was released on 1993* with total page 1 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book The Effects of Induced Hydraulic Fracturing on the Environment written by Matthew McBroom and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2013-12-07 with total page 363 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydraulic fracturing, or "fracking" as it is commonly known, refers to the practice of using liquids at very high pressures to fragment rock, thereby allowing natural gas to be harvested. This process increases energy resources but also has some negative environmental impacts as well. This book looks at the environmental impact. The first section looks at fracturing and the water supply, the second section looks at ecosystems and wildlife, while the final section examines the possible effects on human ecosystems and human health.
Download or read book Oil in the Sea III written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2003-03-14 with total page 278 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Since the early 1970s, experts have recognized that petroleum pollutants were being discharged in marine waters worldwide, from oil spills, vessel operations, and land-based sources. Public attention to oil spills has forced improvements. Still, a considerable amount of oil is discharged yearly into sensitive coastal environments. Oil in the Sea provides the best available estimate of oil pollutant discharge into marine waters, including an evaluation of the methods for assessing petroleum load and a discussion about the concerns these loads represent. Featuring close-up looks at the Exxon Valdez spill and other notable events, the book identifies important research questions and makes recommendations for better analysis ofâ€"and more effective measures againstâ€"pollutant discharge. The book discusses: Inputâ€"where the discharges come from, including the role of two-stroke engines used on recreational craft. Behavior or fateâ€"how oil is affected by processes such as evaporation as it moves through the marine environment. Effectsâ€"what we know about the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons on marine organisms and ecosystems. Providing a needed update on a problem of international importance, this book will be of interest to energy policy makers, industry officials and managers, engineers and researchers, and advocates for the marine environment.
Download or read book Management and Effects of Coalbed Methane Produced Water in the Western United States written by National Research Council and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2010-10-15 with total page 239 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In some coalbeds, naturally occurring water pressure holds methane-the main component of natural gas-fixed to coal surfaces and within the coal. In a coalbed methane (CBM) well, pumping water from the coalbeds lowers this pressure, facilitating the release of methane from the coal for extraction and use as an energy source. Water pumped from coalbeds during this process-CBM 'produced water'-is managed through some combination of treatment, disposal, storage, or use, subject to compliance with federal and state regulations. CBM produced water management can be challenging for regulatory agencies, CBM well operators, water treatment companies, policy makers, landowners, and the public because of differences in the quality and quantity of produced water; available infrastructure; costs to treat, store, and transport produced water; and states' legal consideration of water and produced water. Some states consider produced water as waste, whereas others consider it a beneficial byproduct of methane production. Thus, although current technologies allow CBM produced water to be treated to any desired water quality, the majority of CBM produced water is presently being disposed of at least cost rather than put to beneficial use. This book specifically examines the Powder River, San Juan, Raton, Piceance, and Uinta CBM basins in the states of Montana, Wyoming, Colorado, New Mexico, and Utah. The conclusions and recommendations identify gaps in data and information, potential beneficial uses of CBM produced water and associated costs, and challenges in the existing regulatory framework.
Download or read book Produced Water written by James P. Ray and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 606 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book represents the proceedings of the first major international meeting dedi cated to discuss environmental aspects of produced water. The 1992 International Pro duced Water Symposium was held at the Catamaran Hotel, San Diego, California, USA, on February 4-7, 1992. The objectives of the conference were to provide a forum where scientists, regulators, industry, academia, and the enviromental community could gather to hear and discuss the latest information related to the environmental considerations of produced water discharges. It was also an objective to provide a forum for the peer review and international publication of the symposium papers so that they would have wide availability to all parties interested in produced water environmental issues. Produced water is the largest volume waste stream from oil and gas production activities. Onshore, well over 90% is reinjected to subsurface formations. Offshore, and in the coastal zone, most produced water is discharged to the ocean. Over the past several years there has been increasing concern from regulators and the environmental commu nity. There has been a quest for more information on the composition, treatment systems and chemicals, discharge characteristics, disposal options, and fate and effects of the produced water. As so often happens, much of this information exists in the forms of reports and internal research papers. This symposium and publication was intended to make this information available, both for open discussion at the conference, and for peer review before publication.
Download or read book Environmental Toxicology and Chemistry written by and published by . This book was released on 2000 with total page 834 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Refuges 2003 written by U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Bioaccumulation in Marine Organisms written by J.M. Neff and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2002-04-16 with total page 469 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Large volumes of produced water are generated and discharged to the coastal and ocean waters worldwide from offshore oil and gas production facilities. There is concern that the chemicals in the produced water may harm marine ecosystems. This book summarizes the bioavailability and marine ecotoxicology of metal and organic contaminants that may occur in oil well produced water at concentrations significantly higher than those in ambient seawater. The contaminants of concern include arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, copper, lead, mercury, radium isotopes, zinc, monocyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, phenols, and bis(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate. The first part of the book is a detailed discussion of the chemical composition of produced water from offshore oil wells worldwide and its fates following discharge to the ocean. The remaining chapters of the book summarize the current scientific literature on the sources and distributions in the ocean of each of the contaminants of concern and their bioaccumulation and toxicity to marine organisms. This book will be of value to: environmental scientists in the oil and gas industry; marine toxicologists and ecological risk assessors in academia, government, and industry; government regulatory agencies concerned with marine environmental protection. The book advances the concept that bioavailability evaluation must be included in all ecological risk assessments and other environmental assessments of chemical contaminants in marine and freshwater ecosystems.
Download or read book Toxicity Reduction and Toxicity Identification Evaluations for Effluents Ambient Waters and Other Aqueous Media written by Teresa Norberg-King and published by SETAC. This book was released on 2005 with total page 497 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Assessing Oil and Gas Produced Water Disposal to Western U S Surface Water written by Bonnie McDevitt and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Oil and gas (O&G) produced waters, wastewater brought to the surface during extraction processes, are often highly saline solutions (10-300 g/L Total Dissolved Solids (TDS)) with increased concentrations of radium, trace and heavy metals, and organic contaminants. Eighty percent of the United States' produced water (3.3 trillion L/year) is generated in states west of the 98th meridian. In western states produced waters are frequently discharged to surface waters in the O&G fields through the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) and permitted for beneficial reuse downstream for irrigation, livestock watering, and wildlife propagation after minimal treatment. In arid regions, local NPDES discharges may offer substantial water resources to boost agricultural economies and drinking water supplies. The overall dissertation objective is to assess management of O&G produced water as beneficial use in terms of human and environmental health and to provide quantitatively-based recommendations regarding the current regulations. Chapter 1 provides a background on the issues regarding large volumes of O&G produced water, contaminants of concern for beneficial reuse of produced water, and opportunities for recycling and reusing produced water. Chapter 2 contains a geochemical and hydrological salinization assessment of the produced water discharge impacts to stream health downstream of NPDES facilities. Chapter 3 represents a study that sought to understand radium accumulation and sequestration mechanisms in grab and shallow core sediments near O&G discharges where radium was significantly associated with calcium carbonate minerals. Chapter 4 contains a study to determine if radium is bioaccumulating in vegetation growing near O&G NPDES facilities and created produced water retention ponds downstream. Chapter 5 represents a freshwater mussel tank study in which mussels were dosed with O&G produced water derived from the Marcellus Shale. Mussels were then analyzed for bioaccumulation of O&G produced water contaminants to establish environmental tracers (226Ra/228Ra, 87Sr/86Sr) for future forensic studies related to O&G produced water impacts to local water quality. Chapters 2 and 3 are currently published in Science of the Total Environment and Environmental Science: Processes & Impacts; Chapters 1, 4, and 5 are currently in preparation for publication.
Download or read book Environmental Impacts of Petroleum Production Initial Results from the Osage Skiatook Petroleum Environmental Research Sites Osage County Oklahoma written by and published by DIANE Publishing. This book was released on with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Proposed Final Environmental Impact Statement for the Buffalo Resource Area Casper District Wyoming written by and published by . This book was released on 1985 with total page 164 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines written by National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine and published by National Academies Press. This book was released on 2016-03-22 with total page 167 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Diluted bitumen has been transported by pipeline in the United States for more than 40 years, with the amount increasing recently as a result of improved extraction technologies and resulting increases in production and exportation of Canadian diluted bitumen. The increased importation of Canadian diluted bitumen to the United States has strained the existing pipeline capacity and contributed to the expansion of pipeline mileage over the past 5 years. Although rising North American crude oil production has resulted in greater transport of crude oil by rail or tanker, oil pipelines continue to deliver the vast majority of crude oil supplies to U.S. refineries. Spills of Diluted Bitumen from Pipelines examines the current state of knowledge and identifies the relevant properties and characteristics of the transport, fate, and effects of diluted bitumen and commonly transported crude oils when spilled in the environment. This report assesses whether the differences between properties of diluted bitumen and those of other commonly transported crude oils warrant modifications to the regulations governing spill response plans and cleanup. Given the nature of pipeline operations, response planning, and the oil industry, the recommendations outlined in this study are broadly applicable to other modes of transportation as well.
Download or read book Refuges 2003 a Plan for the Future of the NWR System written by and published by . This book was released on 1993 with total page 440 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Saline Groundwaters Produced with Oil and Gas written by A. Gene Collins and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 84 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Final Regional Environmental Impact Statement Gulf of Mexico written by and published by . This book was released on 1983 with total page 608 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book A Review of Water quality Biological Risk and Discharge Monitoring Studies Relative to the Surface Disposal of Produced Waters from the Development of Coal seam Methane in Alabama written by Patrick E. O'Neil and published by . This book was released on 1994 with total page 56 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The purpose of this report is to (1) summarize water quality and biomonitoring studies of coal-seam produced waters in Alabama; and (2) to present a monitoring approach for evaluating the risk, and acceptability of surface discharge for certain produced waters. The integrated monitoring approach, termed the Cedar Cove model, was developed for produced waters derived from the development of methane from coal seams in Alabama. The integrated monitoring approach consists of chemical-specific effluent monitoring, toxicological evaluation of the produced water, instream bioassessment, and continual water-quality monitoring of the receiving stream.
