Download or read book Enforcement Effectiveness Costs and Benefits of the Phytosanitary Measures Relating to Imports Into the EU written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report constitutes a technical analysis of the responses to the phytosanitary certificate (PC) questionnaire concerning import measures under the new Plant health Legislation as provided by several stakeholders. The questionnaire - sent in February 2021 - was answered by 126 respondents including National Plant Protection Organisations (NPPOs), certification Competent Authorities (CAs), operators, associations, and the general public in 24 different EU Member States, and NPPOs in 24 different non-EU countries. This report includes an analysis of policy aspects related to the effectiveness and enforcement of the import measures addressed in the questionnaire, carried out by DG SANTE, and a cost benefit analysis of those measures carried out by the JRC. Results show the stakeholders' views on the costs and benefits of the extension of the PC requirement to cover newly regulated commodities [Appendix XI - Part B of Regulation (EU) 2019/2072]. The results also include the evaluation of other relevant policy aspects and alternatives as perceived by the stakeholders - the possibility of PC exemption for more commodities, the possibility of using the CHED-PP (Common Health Entry Document-Plant Products) for the newly regulated commodities, the electronic certification, and the certification use in e-commerce. This report is one of four reports drafted for the preparation of the report to the European Parliament and to the Council according to the legislative obligation of the Commission laid down in Article 50 of the Plant Health Regulation (EC 2016/2031).
Download or read book Enforcement Effectiveness Costs and Benefits of the Phytosanitary Measures for Imports Into the EU written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical report assesses the policy and economic impact of the provision of the specific import measures included in the New Plant Health Regulation [Regulation (EU) 2016/2031. To this end a survey of different EU stakeholders was carried out i.e. Certification CAs, NPPOs, operators, MS-level and EU-wide associations, and non-EU NPPOs. The survey was answered by 103 respondents from 60 different countries. Results show the stakeholders' views on the specific import requirements for regulated non-quarantine pests and the requests for prior notification from non-EU countries when planning to export specific commodities to the EU, and the provisions for adopting measures in case of newly identified risks. In addition, it reports information on costs and benefits of the change in fees charged by NPPOs to operators and the number of inspections carried out. This report is one of four reports drafted for the preparation of the report to the European Parliament and to the Council according to the legislative obligation of the Commission laid down in Article 50 of the Plant Health Regulation (EC 2016/2031).
Download or read book Enforcement Effectiveness Cost and Benefits of the Phytosanitary Measures Relating to Imports Into the EU written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical report assesses the policy and economic impact of the provision of the Official Control Regulation (OCR) relating to imports into the Union territory. To this end a survey was held of different EU stakeholders i.e. custom authorities, NPPOs, operators, MS-level and EU-wide associations, and non-EU NPPOs. The survey was answered by 65 respondents from 21 different EU countries. This report includes an analysis of changes to the OCR Regulation carried out by DG SANTE and a cost-benefit analysis thereof, carried out by JRC. Results show the stakeholders' views on the cost and benefits as well as the performance of the changes introduced to plant health provisions of the Official Controls Regulation. In particular it focuses on how the changes have affected the number of border control posts and control points, the impact of the requirements related to controls on wood packaging material, inspections for goods in transit and post-import inspections for pests in dormant stage. It also reviews how the TRACES NT system supports the implementation of the Regulation and how the provisions for E-commerce and passenger luggage are being put in place. This report is one of four reports drafted for the preparation of the report to the European Parliament and to the Council according to the legislative obligation of the European Commission laid down in Article 50 of the Plant Health Regulation (EC 2016/2031).
Download or read book Enforcement Effectiveness Cost and Benefits of the Phytosanitary Measures Relating to Imports Into the EU written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This technical report assesses the policy of the import prohibitions included in the New Plant Health Regulation [Regulation (EU) 2016/2031], and their economic impact. For this purpose, a survey of various EU stakeholders i.e. Certification CAs, NPPOs, operators, MS-level and EU-wide associations, and non-EU NPPOs was carried out. The survey was answered by 92 respondents from 52 different countries. The results show the views of the stakeholders on the cost and benefits as well as the performance of provisions regarding imports from non-EU countries. In particular, it focuses on the implementation of the High risk plants, plant products, and other objects as well as the provisions for quarantine pests and plants, plant products and other objects used for official testing, scientific, and educational purposes, varietal selection and breeding, and quarantine stations. It also includes an analysis of publicly available data regarding trade and interceptions to estimate the impact that the changes in legislation have had on imports of plants and plant products. This report is one of four reports prepared for the preparation of the report to the European Parliament and to the Council according to the legislative obligation of the European Commission laid down in Article 50 of the Plant Health Regulation (EC 2016/2031).
Download or read book Enforcement Effectiveness Cost and Benefits of the Phytosanitary Measures Related to the Plant Passport System written by and published by . This book was released on 2021 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This report constitutes a technical analysis of the responses to the questionnaire regarding the phytosanitary measures related to the Plant Passport (PP) system under the new plant health legislation, as provided by several stakeholders. The questionnaire - sent in February 2021 - was answered by 177 respondents including National Plant Protection Organisations (NPPOs), certification Competent Authorities (CAs), professional operators, associations (both national and EU-wide), and the general public, from 25 different EU Member States. This report includes an analysis carried out by DG SANTE of policy aspects related to the experience gained from the extension of the plant passport system to all movement of plants for planting within the territory of the European Union, as addressed in the questionnaire, and a cost benefit analysis thereof, carried out by JRC. Results show the stakeholders' views on the cost and benefits of the extension of the PP requirement to all movement of plants for planting within the territory of the European Union, as well as some other provisions aimed at strengthening the PP system. The results also include evaluation of other relevant policy aspects and alternatives as perceived by the stakeholders: the introduction of an electronic PP, the provisions of distance contracts, the changes related to Regulated Non-Quarantine Pests (RNQPs) regarding the new PP requirements, and the implementation of the new rules on pre-export certificates. This report is drafted for the preparation of the report to the European Parliament and to the Council according to the legislative obligation of the Commission laid down in Article 79(6) of the Plant Health Regulation (EC 2016/2031).
Download or read book Importing Into the United States written by U. S. Customs and Border Protection and published by . This book was released on 2015-10-12 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Explains process of importing goods into the U.S., including informed compliance, invoices, duty assessments, classification and value, marking requirements, etc.
Download or read book Methodology for Impact Assessment of Free Trade Agreements written by Michael G. Plummer and published by Asian Development Bank. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 194 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This publication displays the menu for choice of available methods to evaluate the impact of Free Trade Agreements (FTAs). It caters mainly to policy makers from developing countries and aims to equip them with some economic knowledge and techniques that will enable them to conduct their own economic evaluation studies on existing or future FTAs, or to critically re-examine the results of impact assessment studies conducted by others, at the very least.
Download or read book Regulation of Biological Control Agents written by Ralf-Udo Ehlers and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2011-02-03 with total page 412 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book presents a comprehensive compilation of registration requirements necessary for authorisation of biological control agents (viruses, bacteria, fungi, active substances of natural origin and semiochemicals) in OECD countries. It also reviews data requirements for invertebrate agents (insect, mites and nematodes) and provides proposals for harmonisation of the regulation process and guidelines for completion of application forms. Based on results of the EU REBECA Policy Support Action, which gathered experts from academia, regulation authorities and industry, risks and benefits of the specific agents were reviewed and proposals for a more balanced registration process elaborated, including recommendations for acceleration of the authorisation process and discussions on trade-off effects and policy impacts. All these aspects are covered in detail in this book, which points the way forward for enhanced utilisation of biological control agents.
Download or read book Ensuring Quality to Gain Access to Global Markets written by Martin Kellermann and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2019-04-09 with total page 275 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In a modern world with rapidly growing international trade, countries compete less based on the availability of natural resources, geographical advantages, and lower labor costs and more on factors related to firms' ability to enter and compete in new markets. One such factor is the ability to demonstrate the quality and safety of goods and services expected by consumers and confirm compliance with international standards. To assure such compliance, a sound quality infrastructure (QI) ecosystem is essential. Jointly developed by the World Bank Group and the National Metrology Institute of Germany, this guide is designed to help development partners and governments analyze a country's quality infrastructure ecosystems and provide recommendations to design and implement reforms and enhance the capacity of their QI institutions.
Download or read book Trade Costs and Inclusive Growth written by Robert R. Teh and published by . This book was released on 2016 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade costs and inclusive growth looks at how implementation of the WTO's Trade Facilitation Agreement (TFA) can help to reduce trade costs and promote growth. The publication rings together contributions from ten participants in the WTO Chairs Programme, which supports trade-related activities by academic institutions in developing countries. The book looks into how the Aid for Trade initiative can assist with implementing the TFA, the importance of mainstreaming trade into national development strategies, and the potential impact of the TFA in various regions.
Download or read book Nontariff Measures and International Trade written by John Christopher Beghin and published by World Scientific Publishing Company. This book was released on 2016-11-28 with total page 393 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Nontariff Measures and International Trade includes 20 chapters authored by John Beghin and co-authors over the last 20 years on the economics of quality-standard like nontariff measures in the context of international trade. This book provides a coherent and comprehensive treatment of these nontariff measures, from their measurement to their effects on trade and welfare. In Part I, the authors use different perspectives to make the case that, unlike tariffs, quality-standard like nontariff measures are complex to measure and analyze and do not easily lead to general policy prescriptions. Then, Part II contains contributions on measurements of welfare and trade effects of nontariff measures, accounting for potential market imperfections. Part III presents chapters on the potential protectionism of nontariff measures when they are used to favor some economic agents over society. The last part presents cases studies of nontariff measures in different industries, markets, and countries.
Download or read book Private Standards in the United States and European Union Markets for Fruit and Vegetables written by Cora Dankers and published by Food & Agriculture Org.. This book was released on 2007 with total page 172 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Over the past 20 years the number of standards and certification programmes for agricultural production has grown rapidly. Producers who want to export are confronted not only by a plethora of import regulations, but also within import countries by different niche markets for which specific requirements have to be fulfilled. This report gives an overview of standards and certification programmes relevant for fruit and vegetable producers and exporters in developing countries with a focus on the markets of the United States of America and the European Union. In addition, it gives an overview of current analytical work on standards and trade, reviews major assistance programmes related to standards and provides recommendations for further research.
Download or read book Border Management Modernization written by Gerard McLinden and published by World Bank Publications. This book was released on 2010-11-30 with total page 401 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Border clearance processes by customs and other agencies are among the most important and problematic links in the global supply chain. Delays and costs at the border undermine a country’s competitiveness, either by taxing imported inputs with deadweight inefficiencies or by adding costs and reducing the competitiveness of exports. This book provides a practical guide to assist policy makers, administrators, and border management professionals with information and advice on how to improve border management systems, procedures, and institutions.
Download or read book Food Regulation and Trade written by Tim Josling and published by U of Nebraska Press. This book was released on 2004 with total page 260 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This work examines the regulation of the increasingly global food system. It analyzes the underlying causes of the trade conflicts, and outlines the steps that could be taken to ensure that food safety and open trade become at the least compatible and at best mutually supporting.
Download or read book Better Air written by Jessica Lincoln-Oswalt and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The authorities and responsibilities of the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) derive primarily from a dozen major environmental statutes. This book provides a concise summary of one of those statutes, the Clean Air Act. It provides a brief history of federal involvement in air quality regulation and of the provisions added by legislation in 1970, 1977 and 1990. It also explains major authorities contained in the Act as well as key terms and references for more detailed information on the Act and its implementation.
Download or read book A Practical Guide to Trade Policy Analysis written by Marc Bacchetta and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Trade flows and trade policies need to be properly quantified to describe, compare, or follow the evolution of policies between sectors or countries or over time. This is essential to ensure that policy choices are made with an appropriate knowledge of the real conditions. This practical guide introduces the main techniques of trade and trade policy data analysis. It shows how to develop the main indexes used to analyze trade flows, tariff structures, and non-tariff measures. It presents the databases needed to construct these indexes as well as the challenges faced in collecting and processing these data, such as measurement errors or aggregation bias. Written by experts with practical experience in the field, A Practical Guide to Trade Policy Analysis has been developed to contribute to enhance developing countries' capacity to analyze and implement trade policy. It offers a hands-on introduction on how to estimate the distributional effects of trade policies on welfare, in particular on inequality and poverty. The guide is aimed at government experts engaged in trade negotiations, as well as students and researchers involved in trade-related study or research. An accompanying DVD contains data sets and program command files required for the exercises. Copublished by the WTO and the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development
Download or read book Towards Sustainable Fisheries Law written by Gerd Winter and published by IUCN. This book was released on 2009 with total page 357 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: With the growing scarcity of fish resources, instruments of fisheries management become crucial. This publication suggests a legal approach to this isssue, and focuses on six case studies: Indonesia, Kenya, Namibia, Brazil, Mexico and the EU. The case studies are preceded by an analysis of the international law requirements concerning fisheries management, with a focus on fisheries in Exclusive Economic Zones. The final part of the book summarises the case studies and develops a proposal for a 'legal clinic' for fisheries management.
