Download or read book Endothelial activation and microcirculatory disorders in sepsis and critical illness written by Jeremie Joffre and published by Frontiers Media SA. This book was released on 2023-02-10 with total page 111 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:
Download or read book Brain Disorders in Critical Illness written by Robert D. Stevens and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2013-09-19 with total page 457 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Brain dysfunction is a major clinical problem in intensive care, with potentially debilitating long-term consequences for post-ICU patients of any age. The resulting extended length of stay in the ICU and post-discharge cognitive dysfunction are now recognized as major healthcare burdens. This comprehensive clinical text provides intensivists and neurologists with a practical review of the pathophysiology of brain dysfunction and a thorough account of the diagnostic and therapeutic options available. Initial sections review the epidemiology, outcomes, relevant behavioral neurology and biological mechanisms of brain dysfunction. Subsequent sections evaluate the available diagnostic options and preventative and therapeutic interventions, with a final section on clinical encephalopathy syndromes encountered in the ICU. Each chapter is rich in illustrations, with an executive summary and a helpful glossary of terms. Brain Disorders in Critical Illness is a seminal reference for all physicians and neuroscientists interested in the care and outcome of severely ill patients.
Download or read book Tissue Oxygen Utilization written by Guillermo Gutierrez and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 381 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Disturbances in peripheral O extraction can be produced in dogs treated with 2 endotoxin and thereby provide an opportunity to test theories for the origin of pathological O supply dependency or to try different treatment modalities. The 2 most serious deficiency in the current animal models is the inability to mimic the increased O demand that is observed in patients at 02 delivery rates in excess of 2 normal. A particular feature of this increased O demand is that it apparently does 2 not stimulate increased 02 extraction, although the limitation in O extraction has 2 not been explored in patients by lowering 02 supply, for obvious reasons. At least two possibilities to account for increased 02 demand could be investigated in animal models, however. The amount of 02 that is utilized in extramitochondrial pathways, which is normally on the order of 10%, may be greatly increased in ARDS and sepsis by O radical formation. There is presently no information 2 concerning how much 02 might be used in this way. Another strong possibility is that mitochondrial injury, perhaps as a result of 02 radical formation, uncouples oxidative phosphorylation. Some evidence presently in the literature supports this idea [19]. Indeed, the association of increased blood lactate levels with higher than expected 02 demands makes uncoupling a very attractive hypothesis that warrants further investigation in animal models using such agents as 2,4-dinitrophenol. References 1.
Download or read book Heparanase written by Israel Vlodavsky and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-04-09 with total page 871 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Written by internationally recognized leaders in Heparanase biology, the book’s eight chapters offer an opportunity for scientists, clinicians and advanced students in cell biology, tumor biology and oncology to obtain a comprehensive understanding of Heparanase’s multifaceted activities in cancer, inflammation, diabetes and other diseases, as well as its related clinical applications. Proteases and their involvement in cancer progression have been well addressed and documented; however, the emerging premise presented within this book is that Heparanase is a master regulator of aggressive cancer phenotypes and crosstalk with the tumor microenvironment. This endoglycosidase contributes to tumor-mediated remodeling of the extracellular matrix and cell surfaces, augmenting the bioavailability of pro-tumorigenic and pro-inflammatory growth factors and cytokines that are bound to Heparan sulfate. Compelling evidence ties Heparanase with all steps of tumor progression including tumor initiation, growth, angiogenesis, metastasis, and chemoresistance, supporting the notion that Heparanase is an important contributor to the poor outcome of cancer patients and a validated target for therapy. Unlike Heparanase, heparanase-2, a close homolog of Heparanase, lacks enzymatic activity, inhibits Heparanase, and regulates selected genes that promote normal differentiation and tumor suppression. Written by internationally recognized leaders in Heparanase biology, this volume presents a comprehensive understanding of Heparanase’s multifaceted activities in cancer, inflammation, diabetes and other diseases, as well as its related clinical applications to scientists, clinicians and advanced students in cell biology, tumor biology and oncology.
Download or read book The Ischemic Penumbra written by Geoffrey A. Donnan and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2007-04-13 with total page 354 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The Ischemic Penumbra presents the current status of concepts and research on this topic and identifies the latest methods for clinicians to quickly and efficiently recognize viable cerebral tissue for enhanced stroke management. Focusing on state-of-the-science technologies and current trends, the book examines imaging strategies utilizing PET, SP
Download or read book The Endothelium written by Michel Félétou and published by Morgan & Claypool Publishers. This book was released on 2011 with total page 309 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The endothelium, a monolayer of endothelial cells, constitutes the inner cellular lining of the blood vessels (arteries, veins and capillaries) and the lymphatic system, and therefore is in direct contact with the blood/lymph and the circulating cells. The endothelium is a major player in the control of blood fluidity, platelet aggregation and vascular tone, a major actor in the regulation of immunology, inflammation and angiogenesis, and an important metabolizing and an endocrine organ. Endothelial cells controls vascular tone, and thereby blood flow, by synthesizing and releasing relaxing and contracting factors such as nitric oxide, metabolites of arachidonic acid via the cyclooxygenases, lipoxygenases and cytochrome P450 pathways, various peptides (endothelin, urotensin, CNP, adrenomedullin, etc.), adenosine, purines, reactive oxygen species and so on. Additionally, endothelial ectoenzymes are required steps in the generation of vasoactive hormones such as angiotensin II. An endothelial dysfunction linked to an imbalance in the synthesis and/or the release of these various endothelial factors may explain the initiation of cardiovascular pathologies (from hypertension to atherosclerosis) or their development and perpetuation. Table of Contents: Introduction / Multiple Functions of the Endothelial Cells / Calcium Signaling in Vascular Cells and Cell-to-Cell Communications / Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of Vascular Tone / Conclusion / References
Download or read book Oxford Textbook of Critical Care written by Webb and published by Oxford University Press. This book was released on 2020-01-10 with total page 1961 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now in paperback, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Care is a comprehensive multi-disciplinary text covering all aspects of adult intensive care management. Uniquely this text takes a problem-orientated approach providing a key resource for daily clinical issues in the intensive care unit. The text is organized into short topics allowing readers to rapidly access authoritative information on specific clinical problems. Each topic refers to basic physiological principles and provides up-to-date treatment advice supported by references to the most vital literature. Where international differences exist in clinical practice, authors cover alternative views. Key messages summarise each topic in order to aid quick review and decision making. Edited and written by an international group of recognized experts from many disciplines, the second edition of the Oxford Textbook of Critical Careprovides an up-to-date reference that is relevant for intensive care units and emergency departments globally. This volume is the definitive text for all health care providers, including physicians, nurses, respiratory therapists, and other allied health professionals who take care of critically ill patients.
Download or read book Core Topics in Critical Care Medicine written by Fang Gao Smith and published by Cambridge University Press. This book was released on 2010-04-22 with total page 409 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The critical care unit manages patients with a vast range of disease and injuries affecting every organ system. The unit can initially be a daunting environment, with complex monitoring equipment producing large volumes of clinical data. Core Topics in Critical Care Medicine is a practical, comprehensive, introductory-level text for any clinician in their first few months in the critical care unit. It guides clinicians in both the initial assessment and the clinical management of all CCU patients, demystifying the critical care unit and providing key knowledge in a concise and accessible manner. The full spectrum of disorders likely to be encountered in critical care are discussed, with additional chapters on transfer and admission, imaging in the CCU, structure and organisation of the unit, and ethical and legal issues. Written by Critical Care experts, Core Topics in Critical Care Medicine provides comprehensive, concise and easily accessible information for all trainees.
Download or read book Mechanisms of Vascular Disease written by Robert Fitridge and published by University of Adelaide Press. This book was released on 2011 with total page 589 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: New updated edition first published with Cambridge University Press. This new edition includes 29 chapters on topics as diverse as pathophysiology of atherosclerosis, vascular haemodynamics, haemostasis, thrombophilia and post-amputation pain syndromes.
Download or read book Handbook of Sepsis written by W. Joost Wiersinga and published by Springer. This book was released on 2018-04-13 with total page 264 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This practically oriented book provides an up-to-date overview of all significant aspects of the pathogenesis of sepsis and its management, including within the intensive care unit. Readers will find information on the involvement of the coagulation and endocrine systems during sepsis and on the use of biomarkers to diagnose sepsis and allow early intervention. International clinical practice guidelines for the management of sepsis are presented, and individual chapters focus on aspects such as fluid resuscitation, vasopressor therapy, response to multiorgan failure, antimicrobial therapy, and adjunctive immunotherapy. The closing section looks forward to the coming decade, discussing novel trial designs, sepsis in low- and middle-income countries, and emerging management approaches. The book is internatio nal in scope, with contributions from leading experts worldwide. It will be of value to residents and professionals/practitioners in the fields of infectious diseases and internal medicine, as well as to GPs and medical students.
Download or read book Mechanisms of Organ Dysfunction in Critical Illness written by Timothy W. Evans and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 434 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The pathophysiology of sepsis can be regarded as a series of steps, beginning with the invasion of normally sterile tissue by microbes and the elaboration of various pro-inflammatory mediators. The final common pathway is often the development of the multiple organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS). Whereas a great deal has been learned during the past quarter century about the inflammatory processes associated with sepsis (and other related conditions, such as ischemia/reperfusion injury), our understanding is far less developed with respect to the pathophysiological events that lead to organ dysfunction under these conditions. Nevertheless, efforts by both clinical and laboratory scientists are leading to new knowledge in this area. The chapters in this volume provide a state-of-the-art overview of many aspects of the pathophysiology of organ dysfunction in critical illness.
Download or read book Coronary Microvascular Dysfunction written by Filippo Crea and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-08-15 with total page 263 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In the past two decades a number of studies have shown that abnormalities in the function and structure of coronary microcirculation can be detected in several cardiovascular diseases. On the basis of the clinical setting in which it occurs, coronary microvascular dysfunction (CMD) can be classified into four types: CMD in the absence of any other cardiac disease; CMD in myocardial diseases; CMD in obstructive epicardial coronary artery disease; and iatrogenic CMD. In some instances CMD represents an epiphenomenon, whereas in others it represents an important marker of risk or may contribute to the pathogenesis of myocardial ischemia, thus becoming a possible therapeutic target. This book provides an update on coronary physiology and a systematic assessment of microvascular abnormalities in cardiovascular diseases, in the hope that it will assist clinicians in prevention, detection and management of CMD in their everyday activity.
Download or read book Critical Care Medicine E Book written by Joseph E. Parrillo and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2018-11-12 with total page 1807 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Now completely revised to bring you up to date with the latest advances in the field, Critical Care Medicine: Principles of Diagnosis and Management in the Adult, 5th Edition, delivers expert, practical guidance on virtually any clinical scenario you may encounter in the ICU. Designed for intensivists, critical care and pulmonology residents, fellows, practicing physicians, and nurse practitioners, this highly regarded text is clinically focused and easy to reference. Led by Drs. Joseph Parrillo and Phillip Dellinger, the 5th Edition introduces numerous new authors who lend a fresh perspective and contribute their expertise to that of hundreds of top authorities in the field. - Includes new chapters on current applications of bedside ultrasound in the ICU, both diagnostic and procedural; mechanical assist devices; and extra-corporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). - Contains new administrative chapters that provide important information on performance improvement and quality, length of stay, operations, working with the Joint Commission, and more. - Features new videos and images that provide visual guidance and clarify complex topics. - Keeps you up to date with expanded chapters on echocardiography in the ICU and valvular heart disease, including TAVR. - Includes separate chapters on mechanical ventilation of obstructive airway disease and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) – including the many recent changes in approach to positive end expiratory pressure setting in ARDS. - Covers key topics such as patient-ventilator synchrony and non-invasive ventilation for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with acute respiratory failure. - Reflects the recent literature and guidance on amount of fluids, type of fluid, vasopressor selection, mean arterial pressure target, and decision on steroid use in septic shock. - Provides questions and answers in every chapter, perfect for self-assessment and review. - Enhanced eBook version included with purchase. Your enhanced eBook allows you to access all of the text, figures, and references from the book on a variety of devices.
Download or read book Critical Care Medicine written by Joseph E. Parrillo, MD, FCCM and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2013-12-05 with total page 1877 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Take the best possible care of adult critical care patients with Critical Care Medicine: Principles of Diagnosis and Management in the Adult! Editors Dr. Joseph Parrillo and Dr. Phillip Dellinger, two of the most respected names in critical care medicine, combine their extensive knowledge with that of hundreds of top authorities in the field to bring you expert, state-of-the-art answers to any clinical question you may face in the intensive care unit. Offer your adult critical care patients the most effective care with practical, evidence-based guidance from many of the most trusted experts in critical care medicine. Learn from the best ICU specialists worldwide with contributions from an increased number of international authorities. Effectively manage common complications in the ICU with updated coverage of severe sepsis, septic shock, surgical infections, neurogenic and anaphylactic shock, severe heart failure, acute coronary syndromes, and Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome. Access the complete contents online at Expert Consult, along with an image bank and instructional videos!
Download or read book Sepsis An Issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine E Book written by Julie A. Bastarache and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2016-06-11 with total page 241 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This issue of Clinics in Chest Medicine focuses on Sepsis. Articles include: The changing epidemiology and definition of sepsis; risk stratification and prognosis in sepsis: what have we learned from biomarkers and microarrays?; Sepsis outside the ICU: development and implementation of sepsis alert systems; The use of ultrasound in caring for the septic patient; Sepsis resuscitation: Fluid choice and dose; Beyond the golden hours: caring for the septic patient after the initial resuscitation; Vasopressors during sepsis: selection and targets; Dysglycemia and glucose control during sepsis; Cardiac function and dysfunction in sepsis;Goal Directed Resuscitation in Septic Shock; and more!
Download or read book Regulation of Endothelial Barrier Function written by Sarah Y. Yuan and published by Biota Publishing. This book was released on 2011-02-01 with total page 160 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The vascular endothelium lining the inner surface of blood vessels serves as the first interface for circulating blood components to interact with cells of the vascular wall and surrounding extravascular tissues. In addition to regulating blood delivery and perfusion, a major function of vascular endothelia, especially those in exchange microvessels (capillaries and postcapillary venules), is to provide a semipermeable barrier that controls blood–tissue exchange of fluids, nutrients, and metabolic wastes while preventing pathogens or harmful materials in the circulation from entering into tissues. During host defense against infection or tissue injury, endothelial barrier dysfunction occurs as a consequence as well as cause of inflammatory responses. Plasma leakage disturbs fluid homeostasis and impairs tissue oxygenation, a pathophysiological process contributing to multiple organ dysfunction associated with trauma, infection, metabolic disorder, and other forms of disease. In this book, we provide an updated overview of microvascular endothelial barrier structure and function in health and disease. The discussion is initiated with the basic physiological principles of fluid and solute transport across microvascular endothelium, followed by detailed information on endothelial cell–cell and cell–matrix interactions and the experimental techniques that are employed to measure endothelial permeability. Further discussion focuses on the signaling and molecular mechanisms of endothelial barrier responses to various stimulations or drugs, as well as their relevance to several common clinical conditions. Taken together, this book provides a comprehensive analysis of microvascular endothelial cell and molecular pathophysiology. Such information will assist scientists and clinicians in advanced basic and clinical research for improved health care.
Download or read book Mandell Douglas and Bennett s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases E Book written by John E. Bennett and published by Elsevier Health Sciences. This book was released on 2009-10-19 with total page 4306 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: After thirty years, PPID is still the reference of choice for comprehensive, global guidance on diagnosing and treating the most challenging infectious diseases. Drs. Mandell, Bennett, and Dolin have substantially revised and meticulously updated, this new edition to save you time and to ensure you have the latest clinical and scientific knowledge at your fingertips. With new chapters, expanded and updated coverage, increased worldwide perspectives, and many new contributors, Mandell, Douglas, and Bennett’s Principles and Practice of Infectious Diseases, 7th Edition helps you identify and treat whatever infectious disease you see. Consult this title on your favorite e-reader, conduct rapid searches, and adjust font sizes for optimal readability. Compatible with Kindle®, nook®, and other popular devices. Get the answers to questions you have with more in-depth coverage of epidemiology, etiology, pathology, microbiology, immunology, and treatment of infectious agents than you’ll find in any other infectious disease resource. Find the latest diagnoses and treatments for currently recognized and newly emerging infectious diseases, such as those caused by avian and swine influenza viruses. Put the latest knowledge to work in your practice with new or completely revised chapters on influenza (new pandemic strains); new Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS) virus; probiotics; antibiotics for resistant bacteria; antifungal drugs; new antivirals for hepatitis B and C; Clostridium difficile treatment; sepsis; advances in HIV prevention and treatment; viral gastroenteritis; Lyme disease; Helicobacter pylori; malaria; infections in immunocompromised hosts; immunization (new vaccines and new recommendations); and microbiome. Benefit from fresh perspectives and global insights from an expanded team of international contributors. Find and grasp the information you need easily and rapidly with newly added chapter summaries. These bulleted templates include diagnosis, therapy, and prevention and are designed as a quick summary of the chapter and to enhance relevancy in search and retrieval on Expert Consult. Stay current on Expert Consult with a thorough and regularly scheduled update program that ensures access to new developments in the field, advances in therapy, and timely information. Access the information you need easily and rapidly with new succinct chapter summaries that include diagnosis, therapy, and prevention. Experience clinical scenarios with vivid clarity through a richly illustrated, full-color format that includes 1500 photographs for enhanced visual guidance.
