Download or read book Emerald and Other Beryls written by John Sinkankas and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Emerald and Other Beryls written by John Sinkankas and published by . This book was released on 1989 with total page 708 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Raman Spectroscopy Characterization of Emerald and Other Beryl Varieties Worldwide written by Daniel Gray and published by . This book was released on 2020 with total page 64 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Emeralds and other beryl varieties were characterized using micro-Raman spectroscopy from 150 cm-1 to 3900 cm-1. In total, 46 emerald and other beryl varieties were characterized, including morganite, heliodor, goshenite, aquamarine, green beryl, and bixbite, representing a wide range of geologic settings from 17 geographic locations worldwide, including Argentina, Australia, Austria, Brazil, China, Colombia, Egypt, Ireland, Madagascar, Namibia, Nigeria, Pakistan, Russia, South Africa, Ukraine, the United States (California, Maine, North Carolina, Utah), and Zambia. The first Raman spectroscopy characterization is presented for emeralds from Australia, Egypt, and North Carolina, heliodor from Ukraine, morganite from Brazil and California, pale-yellow beryl from Maine, aquamarine and green beryl from Argentina, goshenite from California, and aquamarine from Ireland, Namibia, Pakistan, and Russia. Raman characterization includes presence or absence of peaks, Raman shift, intensity, shape, Full Width Half Maximum, and assignment to specific bonds. The characterization includes identification of 8088 peaks present in the fingerprint region (150-1500 cm-1) representative of Si-O, Be-O, and Al-O bonds, the water region (3500-3900 cm-1), and other peaks representative of carbon dioxide and hydrocarbons (~2335 cm-1 and ~2914 cm-1, respectively) analyzed with crystals oriented with their c axis parallel and perpendicular to the laser beam. In the water region, two Raman peaks representative of two types of water molecules are discerned in all studied beryl, except for bixbite (red anhydrous beryl). Type-I water, defined as not being associated with alkalis, is present at ~3605 [plus-or-minus] 3 cm-1, whereas type-II water, defined as being associated with alkalis, is present at ~3593 [plus-or-minus] 3 cm-1. Emeralds from Colombia hosted in carbonaceous black shales (nonschist type) have a dominant type-I water peak in both orientations, similar to most non-emerald beryl varieties, whereas many non-Colombian emeralds from schist-type deposits are characterized by a dominant type-II water peak. Among emeralds from other locations, those from South Africa, China, and Russia have a strongly bimodal water peak in both orientations with a dominant type-I water peak. In most non-emerald varieties of beryl, specifically aquamarine from Pakistan, Argentina, Ireland, Russia, and Namibia, heliodor from Brazil and Ukraine, goshenite from California, and yellow beryl from Maine, the intensity of the type-I water peak is higher in both orientations. In contrast, goshenite and morganite from a pegmatite in San Diego, California, have a strongly bimodal water peak with a slightly higher intensity in both orientations of the type-II water peak. An evaluation of chemical compositions of emeralds reported in the literature and the dominant water peak present in the Raman spectra of emeralds from the same localities obtained in this study confirm that variations in the concentration of alkali ions (Na, Li, Cs) influence the prevailing type of water peak and the intensity of each of the water peaks present. Orientation effects were identified for peaks representing various molecules, including CO2 at ~1240 cm-1 and ~1380 cm-1 and Si-O at 1010 and 1060 cm-1. Striking characteristics of the Raman spectra of emeralds from Colombia compared with those from other localities and non-emerald beryl varieties are the higher intensity of the CO2 peak at ~2325 cm-1 and of CH4 at 2800 - 3000 cm-1, and the dominant type-I water peak representing low alkali content in these emeralds. The new Raman spectroscopy data of emeralds and other beryl varieties worldwide provide several new elements to fingerprint crystals that can be used in the market and to explain the origin of the minerals.

Download or read book Gems and Gemmology written by Stefanos Karampelas and published by Springer Nature. This book was released on 2020-03-10 with total page 120 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book provides a lucid introduction to the basics of gemmology. It familiarizes archaeologists, art historians and conservators with the science of gemstones and allows them to understand the basic concepts of their provenance, typology and treatments. Which are the main types of gems? What treatments can be applied? How does one analyse gems? How can gems contribute to archaeometrical research? This volume is written by four experts in the fields of gemmology and archaeometry and addresses both students who need an introduction to this field and professionals who want to refresh their knowledge of the topic. This work is part of a series of introductory texts that deal with a broad range of materials-related topics in archaeometry.

Download or read book Emeralds written by Ronald Ringsrud and published by . This book was released on 2009 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Emerald written by Christa Behmenburg and published by Lapis International LLC. This book was released on 2002 with total page 106 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Beryl written by John Sinkankas and published by Butterworth-Heinemann. This book was released on 1986 with total page 256 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Beryl Gemstones A Collection of Historical Articles on the Varieties Origins and Properties of Beryl written by Various and published by Read Books Ltd. This book was released on 2015-05-06 with total page 139 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book contains classic material dating back to the 1900s and before. The content has been carefully selected for its interest and relevance to a modern audience. Carefully selecting the best articles from our collection we have compiled a series of historical and informative publications on the subjects of gemology and crystallography. The titles in this range include "Gemstone Manufacturing" "The Optical Properties of Gemstones and Crystals" "The Thirty-Two Classes of Crystal Symmetry" and many more. Each publication has been professionally curated and includes all details on the original source material. This particular instalment, "Beryl Gemstones" contains information on their properties, origins, varieties and much more. Intended to illustrate the main features of beryl it is a comprehensive guide for anyone wishing to obtain a general knowledge of the subject and to understand the field in its historical context. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwork.

Download or read book Precious written by Helen Molesworth and published by Ballantine Books. This book was released on 2024-09-17 with total page 289 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A renowned jewelry expert recounts her career working with nature’s most extraordinary treasures—gemstones—and traces these rare jewels from ancient Egyptian records through the high-stakes auctions of today. Helen Molesworth has been captivated by precious stones since early childhood but she struggled to join the gemstone industry, having no connections to the few family-run companies that have dominated the field for centuries. She persevered, and more than two decades later, Molesworth is now an international authority hired to appraise the extraordinary jewelry of such clients as the British royal family. Precious is packed with inside stories about fabulous jewels associated with generations of celebrities, from Cleopatra (emerald) to Catherine, Princess of Wales (sapphire); from Marilyn Monroe (pearl) to Beyoncé (garnet); from Jackie O (pearl) to Lady Gaga (diamond); and from Marie Antoinette (pearl) to Elizabeth Taylor (pearl, ruby, and emerald)! As Molesworth tells it, the history of gemstones is the history of humanity. And so she journeys the world, navigating African diamond mines, Colombian emerald mines, and the sapphire-rich rivers of Sri Lanka to study gems at their source. She has selected ten of nature’s most dazzling gems, tracing their discovery to when these cut-and-polished masterpieces first adorned empresses and kings. From the stories of a priceless emerald watch hidden under floorboards for centuries to the common quartz fashioned into world-famous royal jewels, and diamonds selling for multi-millions, Precious is not just a chronicle of archeology and geology, high society and high finance, it’s the story of our timeless ambition to make—and wear—something beautiful.

Download or read book Geology and Mineralogy of Gemstones written by David P. Turner and published by John Wiley & Sons. This book was released on 2022-01-25 with total page 292 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding gemstones in a geological context Gemstones are colorful treasures of the Earth that have captivated humans for thousands of years. The physical and chemical characteristics of each type of gem provide insights into the geological processes that created them. Geology and Mineralogy of Gemstones is a textbook aimed at upper-level undergraduate and graduate students. It presents the basic mineralogical and geological knowledge needed to understand gemstones and examines the characteristics and geological origins of different types of gemstone. Volume highlights include: Concepts in mineralogy Structure and chemical composition of minerals Geological processes that lead to the formation and movement of gemstones Equipment and tools used to examine gemstones and their physical properties The American Geophysical Union promotes discovery in Earth and space science for the benefit of humanity. Its publications disseminate scientific knowledge and provide resources for researchers, students, and professionals.

Download or read book Crystal Co Creators written by Dorothy Roeder and published by Light Technology Publishing. This book was released on 1994-12-12 with total page 253 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: A fascinating exploration of one hundred forms of crystals, describing specific uses and their purpose, from the spiritual to the cellular, as agents of change. It clarifies the role of crystals in our awakening. Crystals are ensouled. Those souls of the mineral kingdom want to work with you and Earth to help you reach your full potential now as evolution accelerates. Each crystal makes its own unique contribution as a teacher. From the regal amethyst and friendly boji stone to the multitalented quartz and powerful emerald, the mineral world can open doors to experiences that change your life. Crystals are masters of using light. They can help you get in touch with your roots in the Earth as well as your higher self and other spiritual beings. Learn to work with crystals! This book contains newly channeled information to teach you how to become partners with your mineral guides. They can show you how to use light for healing, enlightenment, and transformation to create a better life for all on a New Earth.

Download or read book A Hand book of Precious Stones written by Meyer D. Rothschild and published by Good Press. This book was released on 2023-11-19 with total page 67 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: In 'A Hand-book of Precious Stones' by Meyer D. Rothschild, readers are taken on a comprehensive journey through the fascinating world of gemstones. The book not only provides detailed descriptions of various precious stones, but also offers insights into their historical significance, cultural symbolism, identification methods, and practical uses. Rothschild's writing style is concise and informative, making this book a valuable reference for gemologists, jewelers, and enthusiasts alike. The author's attention to detail and passion for the subject shines through in every chapter, elevating this handbook to an essential resource in the field of gemology. With its wealth of information and engaging prose, 'A Hand-book of Precious Stones' is a must-read for anyone interested in the beauty and allure of gemstones.

Download or read book Geoscientific Research in Northeast Africa written by Heinz Schandelmeier and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2017-12-14 with total page 793 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This volume focuses on approaches towards a better understanding of the geological, hydrogeological and paleoclimatic evolution of Northeast Africa. Among the topics discussed are Phanerozoic interplate dynamics, sedimentology and stratigraphy, and mineral deposits and metallogeny.

Download or read book Collector s Guide to the Tourmaline Group written by R. J. Lauf and published by Schiffer Publishing Limited. This book was released on 2011 with total page 0 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Among rock-forming minerals, the colorful tourmaline group is a favorite of both mineral collectors and gemologists. Superb examples are found at many locales worldwide, and in diverse geological settings from pegmatites to schists. Over 120 clear, crisp photos show each mineral in its geological context. This book will help mineral and gem collectors understand tourmaline mineralogy and see how changes in nomenclature reflect our evolving understanding of the group. The text explains the chemistry and taxonomy of the group, the environment in which tourmalines form, provides a detailed entry for each mineral including locality information and full-color photos wherever possible so that collectors can see what good specimens look like and which minerals one might expect to find in association with them. An extensive bibliography is provided for readers who wish to learn more. Every serious mineralogist, gemologist, and rock hound will need this book.

Download or read book Economic Papers written by and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 752 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Economic Paper written by North Carolina. Department of Conservation and Development and published by . This book was released on 1911 with total page 146 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Proceedings of the Annual Convention of the North Carolina Good Roads Association Held at Morehead City N C July 31 and August 1 1913 in Cooperation with the North Carolina Geological and Economic Survey written by John Simcox Holmes and published by . This book was released on 1914 with total page 780 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: