Download or read book Electronic Structure and Reactivity of Metal Surfaces written by E. Derouane and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 636 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Imagine that a young physicist would approach a granting agen cy and propose to contribute to heterogeneous catalysis by studying the heat conductivity of gases in contact with a hot filament. How would he be received now? How would he have been treated sixty years ago ? Yet, more than sixty years ago, Irving Langmuir, through his study of heat transfer from a tungsten filament, uncovered most of the fundamental ideas which are used to-day by the scientific com munity in pure and applied heterogeneous catalysis. Through his work with what were for the first time "clean" metal surfaces, Langmuir formulated during a period of a little over ten years un til the early thirties, the concepts of chemisorption, monolayer, adsorption sites, adsorption isotherm, sticking probability, cata lytic mechanisms by way of the interaction between chemisorbed spe cies, behavior of non-uniform surfaces and repulsion between adsor bed dipoles. It is fair to say that many of these ideas constituting the first revolution in surface chemistry have since been refined through thousands of investigations. Countless papers have been pu blished on the subject of the Langmuir adsorption isotherm, the Langmuir catalytic kinetics and the Langmuir site-exclusion adsorp tion kinetics. The refinements have been significant. ThE original concepts in their primitive or amended form are used everyday by catalytic chemists and chemical engineers allover the world in their treatment of experimental data, design of reactors or inven tion of new processes.

Download or read book Electronic Structure and Reactivity of Metal Surfaces Ed by E G Derouane and A A Lucas written by E. G. Derouane and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book ELECTRONIC STRUCTURE AND REACTIVITY OF METAL SURFACES LECTURES PRESENTED AT A NATO ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTE written by and published by . This book was released on with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Electronic Structure and Reactivity of Metals Surfaces written by Eric Gerard Derouane and published by . This book was released on 1976 with total page 633 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Reactions of Organic Molecules on Metal Surfaces Studied by STM written by Markus Wahl and published by Cuvillier Verlag. This book was released on 2007 with total page 23 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Local density Electronic Structure Calculations on the Spectra and Reactivity of Metals written by Tapio T. Rantala and published by . This book was released on 1987 with total page 54 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Metal Surface Electron Physics written by A. Kiejna and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 1996-03-15 with total page 312 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: During the last thirty years metal surface physics, or generally surface science, has come a long way due to the development of vacuum technology and the new surface sensitive probes on the experimental side and new methods and powerful computational techniques on the theoretical side. The aim of this book is to introduce the reader to the essential theoretical aspects of the atomic and electronic structure of metal surfaces and interfaces. The book gives some theoretical background to students of experimental and theoretical physics to allow further exploration into research in metal surface physics. The book consists of three parts. The first part is devoted to classical description of geometry and structure of metal crystals and their surfaces and surface thermodynamics including properties of small metallic particles. Part two deals with quantum-mechanical description of electronic properties of simple metals. It starts from the free electron gas description and introduces the many body effects in the framework of the density functional theory, in order to discuss the basic surface electronic properties of simple metals. This part outlines also properties of alloy surfaces, the quantum size effect and small metal clusters. Part three gives a succinct description of metal surfaces in contact with foreign atoms and surfaces. It treats the work function changes due to alkali metal adsorption on metals, adhesion between metals and discusses the universal aspects of the binding energy curves. In each case extensive reference lists are provided.

Download or read book Electrons In Metals And Alloys written by J. A. Alonso and published by Academic Press. This book was released on 2012-12-02 with total page 616 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is a broad review of the electronic structure of metals and alloys. It emphasises the way in which the behavior of electrons in these materials governs the thermodynamic and other properties of these conducting materials. The theoretical treatment proceeds from a wave mechanics approach to more sophisticated techniques for the description of the properties of metals and alloys.

Download or read book Electronic Structure of Alloys Surfaces and Clusters written by Abhijit Mookerjee and published by CRC Press. This book was released on 2002-11-28 with total page 396 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Understanding the electronic structure of solids is a basic part of theoretical investigation in physics. Application of investigative techniques requires the solid under investigation to be "periodic." However, this is not always the case. This volume addresses three classes of "non-periodic" solids currently undergoing the most study: alloys, surfaces and clusters. Understanding the electronic structure of these systems is fundamental not only for the basic science, but also constitutes a very important step in various technological aspects, such as tuning their stabilities, chemical and catalytic reactivities and magnetism. Expert practitioners give an up-to-date account of the field with enough detailed background so that even a newcomer can follow the development. The theoretical framework is discussed in addition to the present status of knowledge in the field. Electronic Structure of Alloys, Surfaces and Clusters also includes an extensive bibliography which provides a comprehensive reading list of work on the topic.

Download or read book Electronic Structure Factors in the Reactivity of Strained and Ligand Modified Platinum Surfaces written by Toyli Anniyev and published by . This book was released on 2011 with total page pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: The ultimate goal in catalytic design is to have complete synthetic control of the material properties that determine the reactivity. Catalysts that consist of two metals (bimetallic) allow for potential greater reactivity and more flexible design. There are two factors that contribute to the modification of the electronic properties of a metal in a bimetallic surface: strain and ligand effects. Strain effects are due to a modified atomic arrangement of surface atoms in terms of distances and may include compressed or expanded lattices. Ligand effects are caused by chemical interaction of a metal atom with other metals in its vicinity. Having complete control of the electronic properties of a particular bimetallic surface, however, remains challenging. In this thesis, we have focused on using the strain and ligand effects to controllably tune the electronic structure of a metal surface and hence the metal-adsorbate chemical bond. We have investigated the electronic factor in the modified reactivity of epitaxially strained (Pt/Cu and Pt/Ag) and ligand modified (Pt-3d-Pt, 3d = Fe, Co, Ni) platinum surfaces towards the adsorption of oxygen. The electronic nature of chemisorbed oxygen on these surfaces was studied by probing occupied and unoccupied Pt-O states using synchrotron based x-ray emission spectroscopy (XES) and x-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS), respectively. Using XES and XAS we are able to study the electronic states relevant for surface chemical bonding. For each surface structure studied, we observed significant perturbation in the valence electronic structure of adsorbed oxygen. Observed results are discussed within the framework of the d-band model -- a theoretical tool for predicting the adsorption properties of transition metal surfaces based on the average energy of the d-band.

Download or read book Electrons in Disordered Metals and at Metallic Surfaces written by P. Phariseau and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2012-12-06 with total page 575 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: We present here the transcripts of lectures and talks which were delivered at the NATO ADVANCED STUDY INSTITUTE "Electrons in Disordered Hetals and at ~~etallic Surfaces" held at the State University of Ghent, Belgium between August 28 and September 9, 1978. The aim of these lectures was to highlight some of the current progress in our understanding of the degenerate electron 'liquid' in an external field which is neither uniform nor periodic. This theme brought together such topics as the electronic structure at metallic surfaces and in random metallic alloys, liquid metals and metallic glasses. As is the case in connection with infinite order ed crystals, the central issues to be discussed were the nature of the electronic spectra, the stability of the various phases and the occurrence of such phenomena as magnetism and supercon ductivity. In the theoretical lectures the emphasis was on detailed rea listic calculations based, more or less, on the density functional approach to the problem of the inhomogeneous electron liquid. How ever, where such calculations were not available, as in the case of magnetism in random alloys and that of metallic glasses, sim pler phenomenological models were used. The theoretical discussions were balanced by reviews of the most promising experimental techniques. Here the stress was on results and their relevance to the fundamental theory. lforeover, the attention had centered on those experiments which probe the electronic structure in the greatest detail.

Download or read book Chemical Bonding at Surfaces and Interfaces written by Anders Nilsson and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2011-08-11 with total page 533 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Molecular surface science has made enormous progress in the past 30 years. The development can be characterized by a revolution in fundamental knowledge obtained from simple model systems and by an explosion in the number of experimental techniques. The last 10 years has seen an equally rapid development of quantum mechanical modeling of surface processes using Density Functional Theory (DFT). Chemical Bonding at Surfaces and Interfaces focuses on phenomena and concepts rather than on experimental or theoretical techniques. The aim is to provide the common basis for describing the interaction of atoms and molecules with surfaces and this to be used very broadly in science and technology. The book begins with an overview of structural information on surface adsorbates and discusses the structure of a number of important chemisorption systems. Chapter 2 describes in detail the chemical bond between atoms or molecules and a metal surface in the observed surface structures. A detailed description of experimental information on the dynamics of bond-formation and bond-breaking at surfaces make up Chapter 3. Followed by an in-depth analysis of aspects of heterogeneous catalysis based on the d-band model. In Chapter 5 adsorption and chemistry on the enormously important Si and Ge semiconductor surfaces are covered. In the remaining two Chapters the book moves on from solid-gas interfaces and looks at solid-liquid interface processes. In the final chapter an overview is given of the environmentally important chemical processes occurring on mineral and oxide surfaces in contact with water and electrolytes. Gives examples of how modern theoretical DFT techniques can be used to design heterogeneous catalysts This book suits the rapid introduction of methods and concepts from surface science into a broad range of scientific disciplines where the interaction between a solid and the surrounding gas or liquid phase is an essential component Shows how insight into chemical bonding at surfaces can be applied to a range of scientific problems in heterogeneous catalysis, electrochemistry, environmental science and semiconductor processing Provides both the fundamental perspective and an overview of chemical bonding in terms of structure, electronic structure and dynamics of bond rearrangements at surfaces

Download or read book Electronic Structure and Properties of Hydrogen in Metals written by C.B. Satterthwaite and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-09 with total page 682 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Hydrogen is the smallest impurity atom that can be implanted in a metallic host. Its small mass and strong interaction with the host electrons and nuclei are responsible for many anomalous and interesting solid state effects. In addition, hydrogen in metals gives rise to a number of technological problems such as hydrogen embrittlement, hydrogen storage, radiation hardening, first wall problems associated with nuclear fusion reactors, and degradation of the fuel cladding in fission reactors. Both the fundamental effects and applied problems have stimulated a great deal of inter est in the study of metal hydrogen systems in recent years. This is evident from a growing list of publications as well as several international conferences held in this field during the past decade. It is clear that a fundamental understanding of these problems re quires a firm knowledge of the basic interactions between hydrogen, host metal atoms, intrinsic lattice defects and electrons. This understanding is made particularly difficult by hyrogen's small mass and by the large lattice distortions that accompany the hydrogenation process. The purpose of the "International Symposium on the Electronic Structure and Properties of Hydrogen in Metals" held in Richmond, Virginia, March 4-6, 1982 was to increase our fundamental under standing of hydrogen in metals. Such knowledge is essential in solving technologically important questions. The symposium con sisted of twenty-two invited papers and seventy-two contributed poster presentations and attracted nearly 150 participants from thirteen countries. The proceedings of this symposium constitute this book.

Download or read book Atomic and Electronic Structure of Surfaces written by Michel Lannoo and published by Springer Science & Business Media. This book was released on 2013-03-14 with total page 267 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: Surfaces and interfaces play an increasingly important role in today's solid state devices. In this book the reader is introduced, in a didactic manner, to the essential theoretical aspects of the atomic and electronic structure of surfaces and interfaces. The book does not pretend to give a complete overview of contemporary problems and methods. Instead, the authors strive to provide simple but qualitatively useful arguments that apply to a wide variety of cases. The emphasis of the book is on semiconductor surfaces and interfaces but it also includes a thorough treatment of transition metals, a general discussion of phonon dispersion curves, and examples of large computational calculations. The exercises accompanying every chapter will be of great benefit to the student.

Download or read book Electronic Structure Surface Reactivity and Site Analysis of Transition Metal Complexes and Metalloproteins by X ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy written by F. J. Grunthaner and published by . This book was released on 1974 with total page 680 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt:

Download or read book Final Report Theoretical Studies of Surface Reactions on Metals and Electronic Materials written by and published by . This book was released on 2012 with total page 20 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This proposal describes the proposed renewal of a theoretical research program on the structure and reactivity of molecules adsorbed on transition metal surfaces. A new direction of the work extends investigations to interfaces between solid surfaces, adsorbates and aqueous solutions and includes fundamental work on photoinduced electron transport into chemisorbed species and into solution. The goal is to discover practical ways to reduce water to hydrogen and oxygen using radiation comparable to that available in the solar spectrum. The work relates to two broad subject areas: photocatalytic processes and production of hydrogen from water. The objective is to obtain high quality solutions of the electronic structure of adsorbate-metal-surface-solution systems so as to allow activation barriers to be calculated and reaction mechanisms to be determined. An ab initio embedding formalism provides a route to the required accuracy. New theoretical methods developed during the previous grant period will be implemented in order to solve the large systems involved in this work. Included is the formulation of a correlation operator that is used to treat localized electron distributions such as ionic or regionally localized distributions. The correlation operator which is expressed as a two-particle projector is used in conjunction with configuration interaction.

Download or read book Electronic Structure written by and published by Elsevier. This book was released on 2000-07-19 with total page 1071 pages. Available in PDF, EPUB and Kindle. Book excerpt: This book is the second volume in the Handbook of Surface Science series and deals with aspects of the electronic structure of surfaces as investigated by means of the experimental and theoretical methods of physics. The importance of understanding surface phenomena stems from the fact that for many physical and chemical phenomena, the surface plays a key role: in electronic, magnetic, and optical devices, in heterogenous catalysis, in epitaxial growth, and the application of protective coatings, for example. Therefore a better understanding and, ultimately, a predictive description of surface and interface properties is vital for the progress of modern technology. An investigation of surface electronic structure is also central to our understanding of all aspects of surfaces from a fundamental point of view. The chapters presented here review the goals achieved in the field and map out the challenges ahead, both in experiment and theory.